@cypress/code-coverage

What is @cypress/code-coverage?

@cypress/code-coverage is a plugin for Cypress that allows you to measure the code coverage of your application while running end-to-end tests. It integrates with popular code coverage libraries like Istanbul to provide detailed reports on which parts of your codebase are being exercised by your tests.

What are @cypress/code-coverage's main functionalities?

Setup Code Coverage

This code snippet shows how to set up the @cypress/code-coverage plugin in your Cypress configuration file. It requires the plugin and initializes it with the Cypress event handlers.

module.exports = (on, config) => {
  require('@cypress/code-coverage/task')(on, config);
  return config;
};

Instrument Application Code

This code demonstrates how to instrument your application code using Istanbul, which is a necessary step for collecting code coverage data. The instrumented code is then used in your application.

const istanbul = require('istanbul-lib-instrument');
const instrumenter = istanbul.createInstrumenter();
const instrumentedCode = instrumenter.instrumentSync(originalCode, filename);

Generate Coverage Reports

This code snippet shows how to generate HTML coverage reports using Istanbul. The coverage data collected during the tests is used to create a coverage map, which is then used to generate the report.

const { createCoverageMap } = require('istanbul-lib-coverage');
const coverageMap = createCoverageMap(global.__coverage__);
const report = require('istanbul-reports').create('html');
const context = require('istanbul-lib-report').createContext({ dir: './coverage' });
report.execute(context);

Other packages similar to @cypress/code-coverage

nyc

nyc is a command-line interface for Istanbul, a popular JavaScript code coverage tool. It provides a simple way to instrument your code and generate coverage reports. Unlike @cypress/code-coverage, nyc is not specifically designed for Cypress and is more commonly used for unit testing.

jest

Jest is a JavaScript testing framework that comes with built-in code coverage support. It uses Istanbul under the hood to generate coverage reports. Jest is primarily used for unit and integration testing, whereas @cypress/code-coverage is focused on end-to-end testing with Cypress.

karma-coverage

karma-coverage is a Karma plugin that uses Istanbul to generate code coverage reports for your tests. It is designed to work with the Karma test runner, which is often used for unit testing in Angular projects. @cypress/code-coverage, on the other hand, is tailored for use with Cypress.

README

@cypress/code-coverage

Saves the code coverage collected during Cypress tests

Install

npm install -D @cypress/code-coverage

Note: This plugin assumes that cypress is a peer dependency already installed in your project.

Then add the code below to the supportFile and setupNodeEvents function.

// cypress/support/e2e.js
import '@cypress/code-coverage/support'

// cypress.config.js
const { defineConfig } = require('cypress')

module.exports = defineConfig({
  // setupNodeEvents can be defined in either
  // the e2e or component configuration
  e2e: {
    setupNodeEvents(on, config) {
      require('@cypress/code-coverage/task')(on, config)
      // include any other plugin code...

      // It's IMPORTANT to return the config object
      // with any changed environment variables
      return config
    },
  },
})

Instrument your application

This plugin DOES NOT instrument your code. You have to instrument it yourself using the Istanbul.js tool. Luckily, it is not difficult. For example, if you are already using Babel to transpile, you can add babel-plugin-istanbul to your .babelrc and instrument on the fly.

{
  "plugins": ["istanbul"]
}

Please see the Test Apps section below. You can find a linked project matching your situation to see how to instrument your application's source code before running end-to-end tests to get the code coverage.

If your application has been instrumented correctly, you should see additional counters and instructions in the application's JavaScript resources, as the image below shows.

You should see the window.__coverage__ object in the "Application under test iframe"

If you have instrumented your application's code and see the window.__coverage__ object, then this plugin will save the coverage into the .nyc_output folder and will generate reports after the tests finish (even in the interactive mode). Find the LCOV and HTML report in the coverage/lcov-report folder.

That should be it! You should see messages from this plugin in the Cypress Command Log.

More information

• Read Cypress Code Coverage: Instrumenting code guide
• Watch Code coverage webinar
• Watch videos in Cypress Tips & Tricks that deal with code coverage

App vs unit tests

You need to instrument your web application. This means that when the test does cy.visit('localhost:3000') any code, the index.html requests should be instrumented by YOU. See the Test Apps section for advice. Usually, you need to stick babel-plugin-istanbul into your pipeline somewhere.

If you are testing individual functions from your application code by importing them directly into Cypress spec files, this is called "unit tests" and Cypress can instrument this scenario for you. See Instrument unit tests section.

Reports

The coverage folder has results in several formats, and the coverage raw data is stored in the .nyc_output folder. You can see the coverage numbers yourself. This plugin has nyc as a dependency, so it should be available right away. Here are common examples:

# see just the coverage summary
$ npx nyc report --reporter=text-summary
# see just the coverage file by file
$ npx nyc report --reporter=text
# save the HTML report again
$ npx nyc report --reporter=lcov

It is helpful to enforce minimum coverage numbers. For example:

$ npx nyc report --check-coverage --lines 80
----------|---------|----------|---------|---------|-------------------
File      | % Stmts | % Branch | % Funcs | % Lines | Uncovered Line #s
----------|---------|----------|---------|---------|-------------------
All files |     100 |      100 |     100 |     100 |
 main.js  |     100 |      100 |     100 |     100 |
----------|---------|----------|---------|---------|-------------------

$ npx nyc report --check-coverage --lines 101
----------|---------|----------|---------|---------|-------------------
File      | % Stmts | % Branch | % Funcs | % Lines | Uncovered Line #s
----------|---------|----------|---------|---------|-------------------
All files |     100 |      100 |     100 |     100 |
 main.js  |     100 |      100 |     100 |     100 |
----------|---------|----------|---------|---------|-------------------
ERROR: Coverage for lines (100%) does not meet global threshold (101%)

Watch the video How to read code coverage report to see how to read the HTML coverage report.

Instrument unit tests

If you test your application code directly from specs, you might want to instrument them and combine unit test code coverage with any end-to-end code coverage (from iframe). You can easily instrument spec files using babel-plugin-istanbul, for example.

Install the plugin

npm i -D babel-plugin-istanbul

Set your .babelrc file.

{
  "plugins": ["istanbul"]
}

Put the following in the cypress/plugins/index.js file to use the .babelrc file.

module.exports = (on, config) => {
  require('@cypress/code-coverage/task')(on, config)
  on('file:preprocessor', require('@cypress/code-coverage/use-babelrc'))
  return config
}

The code coverage from spec files will be combined with end-to-end coverage.

Find examples of just the unit tests and JavaScript source files with collected code coverage in test-apps/unit-tests-js.

Alternative for unit tests

If you cannot use .babelrc (maybe it is used by other tools?), try using the Browserify transformer included with this module in the use-browserify-istanbul file.

module.exports = (on, config) => {
  require('@cypress/code-coverage/task')(on, config)
  on(
    'file:preprocessor',
    require('@cypress/code-coverage/use-browserify-istanbul')
  )
  return config
}

Instrument backend code

Example in test-apps/backend folder.

You can also instrument your server-side code and produce a combined coverage report that covers both the backend and frontend code.

1. Run the server code with instrumentation. The simplest way is to use nyc. If normally you run node src/server, then to run the instrumented version, you can do nyc --silent node src/server.
2. Add an endpoint that returns collected coverage. If you are using Express, you can do

const express = require('express')
const app = express()
require('@cypress/code-coverage/middleware/express')(app)

Tip: You can register the endpoint only if there is a global code coverage object, and you can exclude the middleware code from the coverage numbers

// https://github.com/gotwarlost/istanbul/blob/master/ignoring-code-for-coverage.md
/* istanbul ignore next */
if (global.__coverage__) {
  require('@cypress/code-coverage/middleware/express')(app)
}

If you use a Hapi server, define the endpoint yourself and return the object.

if (global.__coverage__) {
  require('@cypress/code-coverage/middleware/hapi')(server)
}

For any other server, define the endpoint yourself and return the coverage object:

if (global.__coverage__) {
  // add method "GET /__coverage__" and response with JSON
  onRequest = (response) => response.sendJSON({ coverage: global.__coverage__ })
}

1. Save the API coverage endpoint in the cypress.json file to let the plugin know where to call to receive the code coverage data from the server. Place it in env.codeCoverage object:

{
  "env": {
    "codeCoverage": {
      "url": "http://localhost:3000/__coverage__"
    }
  }
}

Or if you have multiple servers from which you are wanting to gather code coverage, you can pass an array to url as well:

{
  "env": {
    "codeCoverage": {
      "url": ["http://localhost:3000/__coverage__", "http://localhost:3001/__coverage__"]
    }
  }
}

That should be enough - the code coverage from the server will be requested at the end of the test run and merged with the client-side code coverage, producing a combined report.

expectBackendCoverageOnly

If there is NO frontend code coverage, and you only want to collect backend code coverage using Cypress tests, set expectBackendCoverageOnly: true in the cypress.json file. Otherwise, Cypress complains that it cannot find the frontend code coverage.

Default:

After:

{
  "env": {
    "codeCoverage": {
      "url": "http://localhost:3003/__coverage__",
      "expectBackendCoverageOnly": true
    }
  }
}

Custom report folder

You can specify a custom report folder by adding nyc object to the package.json file. For example, to save reports to cypress-coverage folder, use:

{
  "nyc": {
    "report-dir": "cypress-coverage"
  }
}

Custom reporters

You can specify custom coverage reporter(s) to use. For example, to output text summary and save JSON report in the cypress-coverage folder set in your package.json folder:

{
  "nyc": {
    "report-dir": "cypress-coverage",
    "reporter": ["text", "json"]
  }
}

Tip: find list of reporters here

Custom NYC command

Sometimes, the NYC tool might be installed in a different folder, not the current or parent folder, or you might want to customize the report command. In that case, put the custom command into package.json in the current folder, and this plugin will automatically use it.

{
  "scripts": {
    "coverage:report": "call NYC report ..."
  }
}

TypeScript users

TypeScript source files should be automatically included in the report if they are instrumented.

See test-apps/ts-example, bahmutov/cra-ts-code-coverage-example or bahmutov/cypress-angular-coverage-example.

Include code

By default, the code coverage report includes only the instrumented files loaded by the application during the tests. If some modules are loaded dynamically or by the pages NOT visited during any tests, these files will not be in the report - because the plugin does not know about them. You can include all expected source files in the report using the include list in the package.json file. The files without counters will have 0 percent code coverage.

For example, to ensure the final report includes all JS files from the "src/pages" folder, set the "nyc" object in your package.json file.

{
  "nyc": {
    "all": true,
    "include": "src/pages/*.js"
  }
}

See example test-app/all-files

Exclude code

You can exclude parts of the code or entire files from the code coverage report. See Istanbul guide. Common cases:

Exclude the "else" branch

The "else" branch will never be hit when running code only during Cypress tests. Thus, we should exclude it from the branch coverage computation:

// expose "store" reference during tests
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (window.Cypress) {
  window.store = store
}

Exclude the next logical statement

Often needed to skip a statement.

/* istanbul ignore next */
if (global.__coverage__) {
  require('@cypress/code-coverage/middleware/express')(app)
}

Or a particular switch case

switch (foo) {
  case 1 /* some code */:
    break
  /* istanbul ignore next */
  case 2: // really difficult to hit from tests
    someCode()
}

Exclude files and folders

The code coverage plugin will automatically exclude any test/spec files you have defined in the testFiles (Cypress < v10) or specPattern (Cypress >= v10) configuration options. Additionally, you can set the exclude pattern glob in the code coverage environment variable to specify additional files to be excluded:

// cypress.config.js or cypress.json
env: {
  codeCoverage: {
    exclude: ['cypress/**/*.*'],
  },
},

Cypress 10 and later users should set the exclude option to exclude any items from the cypress folder they don't want included in the coverage reports.

Additionally, you can use nyc configuration and include and exclude options. You can include and exclude files using minimatch patterns in the .nycrc file or the "nyc" object inside your package.json file.

For example, if you want only to include files in the app folder but exclude the app/util.js file, you can set it in your package.json.

{
  "nyc": {
    "include": ["app/**/*.js"],
    "exclude": ["app/util.js"]
  }
}

Note: If you have the all: true NYC option set, this plugin will check the produced .nyc_output/out.json before generating the final report. If the out.json file does not have information for some files that should be there according to the include list, then an empty placeholder will be included. See PR 208.

Another important option is excludeAfterRemap. By default, it is false, which might let excluded files through. If you exclude the files, and the instrumenter does not respect the nyc.exclude setting, then add excludeAfterRemap: true to tell nyc report to exclude files. See test-apps/exclude-files.

Disable plugin

You can skip the client-side code coverage hooks by setting the environment variable coverage to false.

# tell Cypress to set environment variable "coverage" to false
cypress run --env coverage=false
# or pass the environment variable
CYPRESS_COVERAGE=false cypress run

Or set it to false in the cypress.json file.

{
  "env": {
    "coverage": false
  }
}

See Cypress environment variables and support.js. You can try running without code coverage in this project yourself

# run with code coverage
npm run dev
# disable code coverage
npm run dev:no:coverage

Links

• Read the Cypress code coverage guide
• Read "Code Coverage by Parcel Bundler" blog post
• Read "Combined End-to-end and Unit Test Coverage"
• If you are using React, check out @cypress/instrument-cra
• Watch videos in Cypress Tips & Tricks playlist

Examples

Internal test apps

Full examples we use for testing in this repository:

• test-apps/backend only instruments the backend Node server and saves the coverage report
• test-apps/fullstack instruments and merges backend, e2e and unit test coverage into a single report
• test-apps/before-all-visit checks if code coverage works when cy.visit is made once in the before hook
• test-apps/before-each-visit checks if code coverage correctly keeps track of code when doing cy.visit before each test
• test-apps/one-spec confirms that coverage is collected and filtered correctly if the user only executes a single Cypress test
• test-apps/ts-example uses Babel + Parcel to instrument and serve TypeScript file
• test-apps/use-webpack shows Webpack build with source maps and Babel
• test-apps/unit-tests-js runs just the unit tests and reports code coverage (JavaScript source code)
• test-apps/unit-tests-ts runs just the unit tests and reports code coverage (TypeScript source code)

External examples

Look up the list of examples under the GitHub topic cypress-code-coverage-example

• cypress-io/cypress-realworld-app is an easy to set up and run a real-world application with E2E, API, and unit tests that achieves 100% code-coverage for both front and back end code. Its CI pipeline also reports code-coverage reports across parallelized test runs to Codecov.
• cypress-io/cypress-example-todomvc-redux is a React / Redux application with 100% code coverage.
• cypress-io/cypress-example-conduit-app shows how to collect the coverage information from both back and frontend code and merge it into a single report. The E2E test step runs parallel in several CI containers, each saving just partial test coverage information. Then, a merge job runs, taking artifacts and combining coverage into the final report to be sent to an external coverage as a service app.
• bahmutov/code-coverage-webpack-dev-server shows how to collect code coverage from an application that uses webpack-dev-server.
• bahmutov/code-coverage-vue-example collects code coverage for Vue.js single file components.
• lluia/cypress-typescript-coverage-example shows coverage for React App that uses TypeScript. See discussion in issue #19.
• bahmutov/cypress-and-jest shows how to run Jest unit tests and Cypress unit tests, collecting code coverage from both test runners and then producing a merged report.
• bahmutov/cypress-angular-coverage-example forked from skylock/cypress-angular-coverage-example shows Angular 8 + TypeScript application with instrumentation done using istanbul-instrumenter-loader.
• bahmutov/testing-react shows how to get code coverage for a React application created using CRA v3 without ejecting react-scripts.
• bahmutov/cra-ts-code-coverage-example instruments TypeScript React application on the fly without ejecting react-scripts by using @cypress/instrument-cra.
• bahmutov/next-and-cypress-example shows how to get backend and frontend coverage for a Next.js project. Uses middleware/nextjs.js.
• kylemh/next-ts-with-cypress-coverage This example project contains Next.js with TypeScript, instrumented coverage reporting, @testing-library/react, and instructions on how to type custom commands.
• akoidan/vue-webpack-typescript Pure webpack config with vue + typescript with codecov reports. This setup uses a babel-loader with a TS checker as a separate thread.
• bahmutov/code-coverage-subfolder-example shows how to instrument the app folder using nyc instrument as a separate step before running E2E tests
• bahmutov/docker-with-cypress-included-code-coverage-example runs tests inside pre-installed Cypress using cypress/included:x.y.z Docker image and reports code coverage.
• bahmutov/app-in-docker-coverage-example shows an app running inside a Docker container, while Cypress runs on the local machine. Before generating the report, Cypress can still discover the source files.
• bahmutov/gatsby-cypress-with-code-coverage shows code coverage using the official Gatsby "Hello World" starter.
• muratkeremozcan/angular-playground is an Angular TypeScript application with combined unit and E2E coverage.
• nefayran/cypress-react-vite React with Vite and Istanbul plugin for code coverage.

Migrations

Cypress v9 to v10

With the removal of the plugins directory in Cypress version 10+, you'll need to add all of your configuration into the configuration file (cypress.config.js by default).

// BEFORE
// Register tasks in your `cypress/plugins/index.js` file.

module.exports = (on, config) => {
  require('@cypress/code-coverage/task')(on, config)

  // add other tasks to be registered here

  // IMPORTANT to return the config object
  // with the any changed environment variables
  return config
}

// AFTER
// cypress.config.js
const { defineConfig } = require('cypress')

module.exports = defineConfig({
  // setupNodeEvents can be defined in either
  // the e2e or component configuration
  e2e: {
    setupNodeEvents(on, config) {
      require('@cypress/code-coverage/task')(on, config)
      // include any other plugin code...

      // It's IMPORTANT to return the config object
      // with any changed environment variables
      return config
    },
  },
})

v2 to v3

Change the plugins file cypress/plugins/index.js

// BEFORE
module.exports = (on, config) => {
  on('task', require('@cypress/code-coverage/task'))
}
// AFTER
module.exports = (on, config) => {
  require('@cypress/code-coverage/task')(on, config)
  // IMPORTANT to return the config object
  // with the any changed environment variables
  return config
}

Tip: We include plugins.js file you can point at from your code in simple cases. From your cypress.json file:

{
  "pluginsFile": "node_modules/@cypress/code-coverage/plugins",
  "supportFile": "node_modules/@cypress/code-coverage/support"
}

Debugging

This plugin uses the debug module to output additional logging messages from its task.js file. This can help with debugging errors while saving code coverage or reporting. To see these messages, run Cypress from the terminal with the environment variable DEBUG=code-coverage. Example using Unix syntax to set the variable:

$ DEBUG=code-coverage npm run dev
...
  code-coverage reset code coverage in interactive mode +0ms
  code-coverage wrote coverage file /code-coverage/.nyc_output/out.json +28ms
  code-coverage saving coverage report using the command: "nyc report --report-dir ./coverage --reporter=lcov --reporter=clover --reporter=json" +3ms

Deeply nested objects will sometimes have [object Object] values printed. You can print these nested objects by specifying a deeper depth by adding DEBUG_DEPTH= setting.

DEBUG_DEPTH=10 DEBUG=code-coverage npm run dev

Common issues

Common issue: not instrumenting your application when running Cypress.

If the plugin worked before in version X but stopped after upgrading to version Y, please try the released versions between X and Y to see where the breaking change was.

If you decide to open an issue in this repository, please fill in all information the issue template asks for. The issues most likely to be resolved have debug logs, screenshots, and hopefully public repository links so we can try running the tests ourselves.

Coverage reporting timeouts

If the plugin times out when sending coverage report data to be merged, this may be due to a very large report being sent across processes. You can batch the report by setting the sendCoverageBatchSize environment variable in your cypress.config.js file's 'env' section. Assign the variable an integer value representing the number of report keys to send per batch.

Contributing

You can test changes locally by running tests and confirming that the code coverage has been calculated and saved.

npm run test:ci
# now check generated coverage numbers
npx nyc report --check-coverage true --lines 80
npx nyc report --check-coverage true --lines 100 --include cypress/about.js
npx nyc report --check-coverage true --lines 100 --include cypress/unit.js

Tip: use check-code-coverage for stricter code coverage checks than nyc report --check-coverage allows.

Markdown

You can validate links in Markdown files in this directory by executing (Linux + Mac only) script.

npm run check:markdown

License

This project is licensed under the terms of the MIT license.