@uma/fx-tunnel-relayer

Fx Tunnel Relayer

This bot is specific to the Polygon-Ethereum communication layer whose architecture can be found here. In summary, the bot listens for events from the Polygon Oracle contract, emitted when a cross-chain price request is submitted, and then relays the price request to the Ethereum Oracle (i.e. the DVM) after the Polygon block containing the event is checkpointed to Ethereum.

Run

• yarn build to compile code.
• Set environment variables including required CUSTOM_NODE_URL and POLYGON_CUSTOM_NODE_URL values which correspond to Ethereum and Polygon nodes respectively.
• node ./dist/src/index.js --network mainnet_mnemonic or ts-node ./src/index.js --network mainnet_mnemonic.

Why is a bot needed to relay messages from Polygon to Ethereum?

Polygon-Ethereum communication differs based on the direction that a message is sent. If a message is sent from Ethereum to Polygon, then the Polygon State Sync mechanism takes over. This relies on Polygon validators to detect StateSynced events emitted by the Ethereum StateSender contract. Validators are incentivized to pick up these events and submit corresponding metadata to a receiver contract on the Polygon network. The metadata includes a target contract and ABI data that the receiver contract can use to forward a smart contract call. Therefore the Ethereum-to-Polygon messaging is handled automatically by Polygon validators.

However, Polygon-to-Ethereum communication requires manual intervention. While validators continuously monitor the StateSender contract on Ethereum to relay data from Ethereum to Polygon, they periodically submit a merkle tree containing transaction hashes that facilitate relaying data from Polygon to Ethereum. Once a merkle tree containing a Polygon transaction is submitted to Ethereum, the transaction is said to be "verified" to have happened on Polygon, and corresponding action can be taken on Ethereum.

Once a Polygon transaction is included in a merkle root submitted to Ethereum, the following manual action must be taken to finalize the Polygon-to-Ethereum communication:

• Construct a proof that the transaction has been included in a checkpoint. Example code below, source here.

// source code: https://maticnetwork.github.io/matic.js/docs/advanced/exit-util/
// npm i @maticnetwork/maticjs @maticnetwork/maticjs-web3
import MaticJs from "@maticnetwork/maticjs";
import MaticJsWeb3 from "@maticnetwork/maticjs-web3";

MaticJs.use(MaticJsWeb3.Web3ClientPlugin);

const posClient = new MaticJs.POSClient();
await posClient.init({
    network: 'mainnet', // "testnet"
    version: 'v1', // "mumbai"
    parent: {
      provider: mainnetWeb3.provider,
      defaultConfig: {
        from : fromAddress
      }
    },
    child: {
      provider: polygonWeb3.provider,
      defaultConfig: {
        from : fromAddress
      }
    }
});

const proof = await posClient.exitUtil.buildPayloadForExit(
    "0x3cc9f7e675bb4f6af87ee99947bf24c38cbffa0b933d8c981644a2f2b550e66a", // replace with txn hash,
    "0x8c5261668696ce22758910d05bab8f186d6eb247ceac2af2e82c7dc17669b036" // SEND_MESSAGE_EVENT_SIG do not change,
    false // isFast; unclear what this variable does but setting to true requires a "proof API" so I set to False and it works.
)

• Call a RootTunnel contract on Ethereum and include the proof as a function parameter to the receiveMessage(bytes) function. Here's an example execution of receiveMessage that succesfully bridged a Polygon price request to an Oracle contract on Ethereum. (Note that the Oracle for this example was a MockOracle, not the DVM). This was the preceding Polygon price request that needed to be included in the checkpoint beforehand.

Bot algorithm

• Detect MessageSent events emitted by the OracleChildTunnel on Polygon whenever a cross-chain price request is submitted to it, usually by the OptimisticOracle but can be sent by any registered contract.
• Attempt to construct a proof for the transaction hashes containing the MessageSent events. This step will fail and exit silently if the hash has not been checkpointed to Ethereum yet.
• Include the proof in a receiveMessage function call to the OracleRootTunnel. This step will fail and exit silently if the proof has already been included in a call.