muton

Muton

This is the Muton project - a feature toggle tool with support for feature throttling and multivariance testing.

You can engineer the genes of your application by meticulously choose what are the best features and create an organic result. With artificial manipulation, or even by random mutations, you will natural select the best version of your application.

___  ___      _              
|  \/  |     | |             
| .  . |_   _| |_ ___  _ __  
| |\/| | | | | __/ _ \| '_ \
| |  | | |_| | || (_) | | | |
\_|  |_/\__,_|\__\___/|_| |_|

O       o O       o O       o
| O   o | | O   o | | O   o |
| | O | | | | O | | | | O | |
| o   O | | o   O | | o   O |
o       O o       O o       O

In real life, cells replicate DNA using an enzyme called polymerase. During the process, it checks for replication errors doing proof-reading on the fly. But sometimes a random mutation occur... that's life trying to evolve. This tool works in a similar way: random mutations may occur while processing the instructions to toggle features on and off. That's your application trying to evolve.

Installation

NPM

npm install muton --save

Bower

bower install muton --save

Usage

Muton just decides what features to mutate, activate or deactivate and it doesn't store the features anywhere. You should integrate Muton with code that persists the features per user, like using cookies or other mechanism you prefer.

Basic usage

Currently, you can use Muton as a Node module or an AMD module. To include as an AMD module, please require the muton-amd.min.js file.

You can use in the following way:

var features = muton.getMutations(userProperties, featureInstructions);

Where userProperties is a dictionary containing user properties, something like this:

var userProperties = {
  'location' : 'PT',
  'age' : '24'
}

And where featureInstructions is a dictionary of features containing specific instructions, which must follow a specific format. It can be something like this:

var featureInstructions = {
  'superCoolFeature' : {
    'toggle' : true,
    'location' : {
      'PT' : {
        'toggle' : true
      },
      'FR' : {
        'toggle' : false
      }
    }
  }
}

A Muton valid response would be:

{
  'toggles': {
    'superCoolFeature' : true,
    'anotherCoolFeature' : false
  }
}

Instructions format

The instructions must contain one of the following elements: toggle, throttle and bucket and they can be placed behind every property inside the feature object, and even placed directly under the feature object. Muton will look for a path in the instructions and aggregate all of them that matches the user properties. When no matches are found, it will assume the general instructions.

Toggle

The toggle instruction activates or deactivates toggles. The default value is false and can be overridden by the throttle and bucket instructions. The exception to this is when the toggle instruction is placed directly under the feature object and it's value is set to false. This allows to deactivate a feature completely.

Throttle

The throttle instruction will activate or deactivate a toggle based on a percentage. In Muton terms, this is called a mutation. For example, you might want to have 50% of your users to have access to a feature and this instruction is perfect for that.

For example, if you want to have 50% of your Portugal users to see a feature but 100% of the users of the remaining countries to see it (except for France), you could do something like:

var featureInstructions = {
  'superCoolFeature' : {
    'toggle' : true,
    'location' : {
      'PT' : {
        'throttle' : '50%'
      },
      'FR' : {
        'toggle' : false
      }
    }
  }
}

A valid response for a portuguese user could be:

{
  'toggles' : {
    'superCoolFeature' : true,
  },
  'throttles': ['superCoolFeature']
}

Buckets (A/B testing, multivariant testing)

The bucket instruction is perfect for A/B testing and it resources to mutations like the throttle instruction. This instruction can be written like the following:

var featureInstructions = {
  'superCoolFeature' : {
    'toggle' : true,
    'location' : {
      'PT' : {
        'throttle' : '50%'
      },
      'FR' : {
        'buckets' : ['bigRedButton', 'mediumSizeButton', 'smallButton']
      }
    }
  }
}

The above snippet would allow you to have your France users to access three different buckets for testing, let's say, three different buttons on a form and test which of them your users react best.

A valid response for a french user could be:

{
  'toggles' : {
    'superCoolFeature' : true,
    'superCoolFeature.smallButton' : true
  },
  'buckets': ['superCoolFeature.smallButton']
}

Matchers

Muton supports non-trivial user properties matching. For example, you might want to toggle a feature on when the user bought over 10000 books in your store. Or even to activate a feature for users whose referral site belongs to a specific domain.

Regular expressions

To have user properties being matched by regexes, you must enclose the regex inside two '/'. The above example referral example with Google can be written like this:

  var featureInstructions = {
    'superCoolFeature' : {
      'referral' : {
        '/.*\.google\..{2,4}/' : {
          'toggle' : 'true'
        }
      }
    }
  }

Numeric quantifiers

Numeric user properties can be matched against an expression. The property value must start with one of the following operators: '>', '<', '>=', '<='.

Picking the bookstore example, a user with over 10000 bought books would have a special feature toggle on:

  var featureInstructions = {
    'superCoolFeature' : {
      'boughtBooks' : {
        '>=10000' : {
          'toggle' : 'true'
        }
      }
    }
  }

Gene inheritance

To inherit properties from previous mutations, you can use gene inheritance. This is useful when you want to maintain the same users on the same buckets or throttles to guarantee consistency in your features when the context changes. This is only applied to instructions that are subject to mutations, namely 'buckets' and 'throttles'. Inherited mutations from ancestors will only work when the new instructions and ancestor genes have the same kind of mutations (e.g.: ancestor and predecessor have a throttle on the same feature). For plain toggles, ancestor genes will be ignored.

To inherit genes from an ancestor, you can use Muton in the following way:

var features = muton.inheritMutations(userProperties, featureInstructions, ancestorGenes);

Throttle inheritance

For example, to inherit throttles, one could pass a set of instructions and a set of ancestor genes:

  var featureInstructions = {
    'superCoolFeature' : {
      'toggle' : true,
      'location' : {
        'PT' : {
          'throttle' : '50%'
        }
      }
    }
  }

You can use a previous Muton output to feed new mutations and inherit them from ancestors. The default behaviour is to inherit from ancestor. In the bellow example, Muton will always return true for the 'superCoolFeature' throttle, because the previous throttle was enabled.

  var ancestorGenes = {
      'toggles' : {
          'superCoolFeature' : true
      },
      'throttles' : ['superCoolFeature']
  };

If you choose to force mutations when inheriting throttles on a specific context, you can create a throttle object instead of a percentage value and pass a 'mutate' property and ignore the ancestor gene. You must specify it in the instructions:

  var featureInstructions = {
    'superCoolFeature' : {
      'toggle' : true,
      'location' : {
        'PT' : {
          'throttle' : '50%',
          'mutate': 'force'
        }
      }
    }
  }

Bucket inheritance

To inherit buckets, you can pass a set of ancestor genes to Muton containing buckets:

  var featureInstructions = {
    'superCoolFeature' : {
      'toggle' : true,
      'location' : {
        'PT' : {
          'buckets' : ['bigRedButton', 'mediumSizeButton', 'smallButton']
        }
      }
    }
  }

The ancestor genes (a previous Muton output) could be passed to Muton and the predecessor will inherit the ancestor bucket. However, if the ancestor gene contains a bucket that is not defined in the predecessor instructions, then a bucket mutation will occur and a random bucket from the new instructions will be picked up.

  var ancestorGenes = {
      'toggles' : {
          'superCoolFeature.bigRedButton' : true
      },
      'buckets' : ['superCoolFeature.bigRedButton']
  };

Build

grunt clean && grunt

Tests

npm test

Future work

• Support other exports besides Node and AMD
• Adding support for pattern matching inside the feature properties

Contributing

In lieu of a formal styleguide, take care to maintain the existing coding style. Add unit tests for any new or changed functionality. Lint and test your code.

Release History

• 0.0.1
  • Initial release
• 0.0.2
  • Fixing bucket choice bug
• 0.1.0
  • Adding support for regex and numeric matchers
  • Adding support for gene inheritance
• 0.2.0
  • Exclude lodash from final bundle
  • Return muton on define call to ensure that it's correctly exported
• 0.3.0
  • Replace requirejs with Webpack
  • Include used lodash functions in the final bundle, to avoid dependency conflicts between projects.