superjson

What is superjson?

Superjson is a flexible and powerful library for serializing JavaScript data structures, including those that are not supported by JSON, such as Dates, RegExps, Maps, Sets, and more. It allows for seamless serialization and deserialization of complex data types, making it easier to work with complex data in applications that require data persistence or transmission.

What are superjson's main functionalities?

Serialization of complex types

Superjson can serialize complex JavaScript types like Dates, Maps, and Sets into a string representation that can be easily transmitted or stored. Upon deserialization, these strings are converted back into their original complex types.

{"date": "2023-04-14T12:00:00.000Z", "map": "[[\"key1\",\"value1\"],[\"key2\",\"value2\"]]", "set": "[\"a\",\"b\",\"c\"]"}

Custom serialization

Developers can define custom serialization and deserialization logic for unsupported types or to override the default behavior for supported types. This feature enhances flexibility and control over how data is serialized.

{"customType": "SerializedValue"}

Other packages similar to superjson

flatted

Flatted is a package that offers serialization and deserialization of complex JavaScript objects, including nested objects and circular references, using a flat structure. Compared to Superjson, Flatted focuses on solving circular reference issues but does not explicitly handle a wide range of JavaScript types like Superjson does.

serialize-javascript

Serialize-javascript provides serialization of JavaScript objects into a string, including regular expressions and functions. It is similar to Superjson in its ability to handle non-standard JSON data types, but it is more focused on including functions in the serialization process, which Superjson does not inherently support.

README

Safely serialize JavaScript expressions to a superset of JSON, which includes Dates, BigInts, and more.

Key features

• 🍱 Reliable serialization and deserialization
• 🔐 Type safety with autocompletion
• 🐾 Negligible runtime footprint
• 💫 Framework agnostic
• 🛠 Perfect fix for Next.js's serialisation limitations in getServerSideProps and getInitialProps

Backstory

At Blitz, we have struggled with the limitations of JSON. We often find ourselves working with Date, Map, Set or BigInt, but JSON.stringify doesn't support any of them without going through the hassle of converting manually!

Superjson solves these issues by providing a thin wrapper over JSON.stringify and JSON.parse.

Sponsors

Superjson logo by NUMI:

Getting started

Install the library with your package manager of choice, e.g.:

yarn add superjson

Basic Usage

The easiest way to use Superjson is with its stringify and parse functions. If you know how to use JSON.stringify, you already know Superjson!

Easily stringify any expression you’d like:

import superjson from 'superjson';

const jsonString = superjson.stringify({ date: new Date(0) });

// jsonString === '{"json":{"date":"1970-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"},"meta":{"values":{date:"Date"}}}'

And parse your JSON like so:

const object = superjson.parse<
{ date: Date }
>(jsonString);

// object === { date: new Date(0) }

Advanced Usage

For cases where you want lower level access to the json and meta data in the output, you can use the serialize and deserialize functions.

One great use case for this is where you have an API that you want to be JSON compatible for all clients, but you still also want to transmit the meta data so clients can use superjson to fully deserialize it.

For example:

const object = {
  normal: 'string',
  timestamp: new Date(),
  test: /superjson/,
};

const { json, meta } = superjson.serialize(object);

/*
json = {
  normal: 'string',
  timestamp: "2020-06-20T04:56:50.293Z",
  test: "/superjson/",
};

// note that `normal` is not included here; `meta` only has special cases
meta = {
  values: {
    timestamp: ['Date'],
    test: ['regexp'],
  }
};
*/

Using with Next.js

The getServerSideProps, getInitialProps, and getStaticProps data hooks provided by Next.js do not allow you to transmit Javascript objects like Dates. It will error unless you convert Dates to strings, etc.

Thankfully, Superjson is a perfect tool to bypass that limitation!

Next.js SWC Plugin (experimental, v13 or above)

Next.js SWC plugins are experimental, but promise a significant speedup. To use the SuperJSON SWC plugin, install it and add it to your next.config.js:

yarn add next-superjson-plugin

// next.config.js
module.exports = {
  experimental: {
    swcPlugins: [
      [
        'next-superjson-plugin',
        {
          excluded: [],
        },
      ],
    ],
  },
};

Next.js (stable Babel transform)

Install the library with your package manager of choice, e.g.:

yarn add babel-plugin-superjson-next

Add the plugin to your .babelrc. If you don't have one, create it.

{
  "presets": ["next/babel"],
  "plugins": [
    ...
    "superjson-next" // 👈
  ]
}

Done! Now you can safely use all JS datatypes in your getServerSideProps / etc. .

API

serialize

Serializes any JavaScript value into a JSON-compatible object.

Examples

const object = {
  normal: 'string',
  timestamp: new Date(),
  test: /superjson/,
};

const { json, meta } = serialize(object);

Returns json and meta, both JSON-compatible values.

deserialize

Deserializes the output of Superjson back into your original value.

Examples

const { json, meta } = serialize(object);

deserialize({ json, meta });

Returns your original value.

stringify

Serializes and then stringifies your JavaScript value.

Examples

const object = {
  normal: 'string',
  timestamp: new Date(),
  test: /superjson/,
};

const jsonString = stringify(object);

Returns string.

parse

Parses and then deserializes the JSON string returned by stringify.

Examples

const jsonString = stringify(object);

parse(jsonString);

Returns your original value.

---

Superjson supports many extra types which JSON does not. You can serialize all these:

type	supported by standard JSON?	supported by Superjson?
string	✅	✅
number	✅	✅
boolean	✅	✅
null	✅	✅
Array	✅	✅
Object	✅	✅
undefined	❌	✅
bigint	❌	✅
Date	❌	✅
RegExp	❌	✅
Set	❌	✅
Map	❌	✅
Error	❌	✅
URL	❌	✅

Recipes

SuperJSON by default only supports built-in data types to keep bundle-size as low as possible. Here are some recipes you can use to extend to non-default data types.

Place them in some central utility file and make sure they're executed before any other SuperJSON calls. In a Next.js project, _app.ts would be a good spot for that.

Decimal.js / Prisma.Decimal

import { Decimal } from 'decimal.js';

SuperJSON.registerCustom<Decimal, string>(
  {
    isApplicable: (v): v is Decimal => Decimal.isDecimal(v),
    serialize: v => v.toJSON(),
    deserialize: v => new Decimal(v),
  },
  'decimal.js'
);

Contributors ✨

Thanks goes to these wonderful people (emoji key):

Dylan Brookes 💻 📖 🎨 ⚠️	Simon Knott 💻 🤔 ⚠️ 📖	Brandon Bayer 🤔	Jeremy Liberman ⚠️ 💻	Joris 💻	tomhooijenga 💻 🐛	Ademílson F. Tonato ⚠️
Piotr Monwid-Olechnowicz 🤔	Alex Johansson 💻 ⚠️	Simon Edelmann 🐛 💻 🤔	Sam Garson 🐛	Mark Hughes 🐛	Lxxyx 💻	Máximo Mussini 💻
Peter Dekkers 🐛	Gabe O'Leary 📖	Benjamin 📖	Ionut-Cristian Florescu 🐛	Chris Johnson 📖	Nicholas Chiang 🐛 💻	Datner 💻
ruessej 🐛	JH.Lee 📖	narumincho 💻	Markus Greystone 🐛	darthmaim 💻	Max Malm 📖	Tyler Collier 📖
Nick Quebbeman 📖	Tom MacWright 🐛 💻	Peter Budai 🐛

This project follows the all-contributors specification. Contributions of any kind welcome!

See also

Other libraries that aim to solve a similar problem:

• Serialize JavaScript by Eric Ferraiuolo
• devalue by Rich Harris
• next-json by Daniele Ricci