@gmod/bam

Install

$ npm install --save @gmod/bam

Usage

const { BamFile } = require('@gmod/bam')
// or import {BamFile} from '@gmod/bam'

const t = new BamFile({
  bamPath: 'test.bam',
})

// note: it's required to first run getHeader before any getRecordsForRange
var header = await t.getHeader()

// this would get same records as samtools view ctgA:1-50000
var records = await t.getRecordsForRange('ctgA', 0, 50000)

The bamPath argument only works on nodejs. In the browser, you should pass bamFilehandle with a generic-filehandle2 e.g. RemoteFile

const { RemoteFile } = require('generic-filehandle2')
const bam = new BamFile({
  bamFilehandle: new RemoteFile('yourfile.bam'), // or a full http url
  baiFilehandle: new RemoteFile('yourfile.bam.bai'), // or a full http url
})

Input are 0-based half-open coordinates (note: not the same as samtools view coordinate inputs!)

Usage with htsget

Since 1.0.41 we support usage of the htsget protocol

Here is a small code snippet for this

const { HtsgetFile } = require('@gmod/bam')

const ti = new HtsgetFile({
  baseUrl: 'http://htsnexus.rnd.dnanex.us/v1/reads',
  trackId: 'BroadHiSeqX_b37/NA12878',
})
await ti.getHeader()
const records = await ti.getRecordsForRange(1, 2000000, 2000001)

Our implementation makes some assumptions about how the protocol is implemented, so let us know if it doesn't work for your use case

Documentation

BAM constructor

The BAM class constructor accepts arguments

• bamPath/bamUrl/bamFilehandle - a string file path to a local file or a class object with a read method
• csiPath/csiUrl/csiFilehandle - a CSI index for the BAM file, required for long chromosomes greater than 2^29 in length
• baiPath/baiUrl/baiFilehandle - a BAI index for the BAM file
• recordClass - a custom class extending BamRecord to use for records (see Custom BamRecord class section below)

Note: filehandles implement the Filehandle interface from https://www.npmjs.com/package/generic-filehandle2.

This module offers the path and url arguments as convenience methods for supplying the LocalFile and RemoteFile

async getRecordsForRange(refName, start, end, opts)

Note: you must run getHeader before running getRecordsForRange

• refName - a string for the chrom to fetch from
• start - a 0-based half open start coordinate
• end - a 0-based half open end coordinate
• opts.signal - an AbortSignal to indicate stop processing
• opts.viewAsPairs - re-dispatches requests to find mate pairs. default: false
• opts.pairAcrossChr - control the viewAsPairs option behavior to pair across chromosomes. default: false
• opts.maxInsertSize - control the viewAsPairs option behavior to limit distance within a chromosome to fetch. default: 200kb

async getHeader(opts: {....anything to pass to generic-filehandle2 opts})

This obtains the header from HtsgetFile or BamFile. Retrieves BAM file and BAI/CSI header if applicable, or API request for refnames from htsget

async indexCov(refName, start, end)

• refName - a string for the chrom to fetch from
• start - a 0-based half open start coordinate (optional)
• end - a 0-based half open end coordinate (optional)

Returns features of the form {start, end, score} containing estimated feature density across 16kb windows in the genome

async lineCount(refName: string)

• refName - a string for the chrom to fetch from

Returns number of features on refName, uses special pseudo-bin from the BAI/CSI index (e.g. bin 37450 from bai, returning n_mapped from SAM spec pdf) or -1 if refName not exist in sample

async hasRefSeq(refName: string)

• refName - a string for the chrom to check

Returns whether we have this refName in the sample

BamRecord properties

// Core alignment fields
record.fileOffset // "file offset" based id -- not a true file offset
record.ref_id // numerical sequence id from SAM header
record.start // 0-based start coordinate
record.end // 0-based end coordinate
record.name // QNAME
record.seq // sequence string
record.qual // Uint8Array of quality scores (null if unmapped)
record.CIGAR // CIGAR string e.g. "50M2I48M"
record.flags // SAM flags integer
record.mq // mapping quality (undefined if 255)
record.strand // 1 or -1
record.template_length // TLEN

// Auxiliary data
record.tags // object with all aux tags e.g. {MD: "100", NM: 0}
record.getTag('MD') // get a single tag (more efficient than record.tags when you only need one)
record.getTagRaw('MD') // get tag as Uint8Array for string tags (avoids string conversion)
record.NUMERIC_MD // MD tag as Uint8Array (for fast mismatch rendering)
record.NUMERIC_CIGAR // Uint32Array of packed CIGAR operations
record.NUMERIC_SEQ // Uint8Array of packed sequence (4-bit encoded)

// Mate info
record.next_refid // mate reference id
record.next_pos // mate position

// Flag methods
record.isPaired()
record.isProperlyPaired()
record.isSegmentUnmapped()
record.isMateUnmapped()
record.isReverseComplemented()
record.isMateReverseComplemented()
record.isRead1()
record.isRead2()
record.isSecondary()
record.isFailedQc()
record.isDuplicate()
record.isSupplementary()

// Utility
record.seqAt(idx) // get single base at position
record.toJSON() // serialize record

Custom BamRecord class

You can provide your own BamRecord class to add custom properties or methods:

import { BamFile, BamRecord } from '@gmod/bam'

class CustomBamRecord extends BamRecord {
  get customProperty() {
    return `custom-${this.name}`
  }

  getDoubleStart() {
    return this.start * 2
  }
}

const bam = new BamFile<CustomBamRecord>({
  bamPath: 'test.bam',
  recordClass: CustomBamRecord,
})

await bam.getHeader()
const records = await bam.getRecordsForRange('ctgA', 0, 50000)
// records are typed as CustomBamRecord[]
console.log(records[0].customProperty)
console.log(records[0].getDoubleStart())

License

MIT © Colin Diesh