better-commits

A CLI for writing better commits, following the conventional commits specification.

https://github.com/Everduin94/better-commits/assets/14320878/8fb15d46-17c4-4e5d-80d9-79abe0a2a00a

✨ Features

• Generate conventional commits through a series of prompts
• Highly configurable with sane defaults
• Infers ticket and commit-type from branch for consistent & fast commits
• Consistent branch creation with flexible workflow hooks via better-branch
• Interactive git status/add on commit
• Preview commit messages in color
• Support for git emojis per commit-type
• Configure globally or per repository
• Config validation and error messaging
• Lightweight (17kb)

As a side-effect of formatting messages

• Auto populate PR title / body
• Automate semantic releases
• Automate changelogs
• Automatically link & close related tickets / issues

📦 Installation

npm install -g better-commits

🚀 Usage

To run the CLI in your terminal:

better-commits # Create a new commit
better-branch # Create a new branch

better-commits will prompt a series of questions. These prompts will build a commit message, which you can preview, before confirming the commit. Some of the values in these prompts will be inferred by your branch name and auto populated. You can adjust this in your .better-commits.json configuration file.

To better understand these prompts and their intention, read Conventional Commits Summary

⚙️ Configuration

Global

Your first time running better-commits, a default config will be generated in your $HOME directory, named .better-commits.json

• This config will be used if a repository-specific config cannot be found.

Repository

To create a repository-specific config, navigate to the root of your project.

• Run better-commits-init
• This will create a default config named .better-commits.json
• Properties such as confirm_with_editor and overrides will prefer the global config

Options

[!NOTE]
All properties are optional and can be removed from the config. It will be replaced by the default at run-time.

• See .better-commits.json in this repository as an example

💫 Default JSON Config

Expand / Collapse

{
  "check_status": true,
  "commit_type": {
    "enable": true,
    "initial_value": "feat",
    "max_items": 20,
    "infer_type_from_branch": true,
    "append_emoji_to_label": false,
    "append_emoji_to_commit": false,
    "emoji_commit_position": "Start",
    "options": [
      {
        "value": "feat",
        "label": "feat",
        "hint": "A new feature",
        "emoji": "🌟",
        "trailer": "Changelog: feature"
      },
      {
        "value": "fix",
        "label": "fix",
        "hint": "A bug fix",
        "emoji": "🐛",
        "trailer": "Changelog: fix"
      },
      {
        "value": "docs",
        "label": "docs",
        "hint": "Documentation only changes",
        "emoji": "📚",
        "trailer": "Changelog: documentation"
      },
      {
        "value": "refactor",
        "label": "refactor",
        "hint": "A code change that neither fixes a bug nor adds a feature",
        "emoji": "🔨",
        "trailer": "Changelog: refactor"
      },
      {
        "value": "perf",
        "label": "perf",
        "hint": "A code change that improves performance",
        "emoji": "🚀",
        "trailer": "Changelog: performance"
      },
      {
        "value": "test",
        "label": "test",
        "hint": "Adding missing tests or correcting existing tests",
        "emoji": "🚨",
        "trailer": "Changelog: test"
      },
      {
        "value": "build",
        "label": "build",
        "hint": "Changes that affect the build system or external dependencies",
        "emoji": "🚧",
        "trailer": "Changelog: build"
      },
      {
        "value": "ci",
        "label": "ci",
        "hint": "Changes to our CI configuration files and scripts",
        "emoji": "🤖",
        "trailer": "Changelog: ci"
      },
      {
        "value": "chore",
        "label": "chore",
        "hint": "Other changes that do not modify src or test files",
        "emoji": "🧹",
        "trailer": "Changelog: chore"
      },
      {
        "value": "",
        "label": "none"
      }
    ]
  },
  "commit_scope": {
    "enable": true,
    "custom_scope": false,
    "initial_value": "app",
    "max_items": 20,
    "options": [
      {
        "value": "app",
        "label": "app"
      },
      {
        "value": "shared",
        "label": "shared"
      },
      {
        "value": "server",
        "label": "server"
      },
      {
        "value": "tools",
        "label": "tools"
      },
      {
        "value": "",
        "label": "none"
      }
    ]
  },
  "check_ticket": {
    "infer_ticket": true,
    "confirm_ticket": true,
    "add_to_title": true,
    "append_hashtag": false,
    "prepend_hashtag": "Never",
    "surround": "",
    "title_position": "start"
  },
  "commit_title": {
    "max_size": 70
  },
  "commit_body": {
    "enable": true,
    "required": false,
    "split_by_period": false
  },
  "commit_footer": {
    "enable": true,
    "initial_value": [],
    "options": ["closes", "trailer", "breaking-change", "deprecated", "custom"]
  },
  "breaking_change": {
    "add_exclamation_to_title": true
  },
  "confirm_commit": true,
  "cache_last_value": true,
  "confirm_with_editor": false,
  "print_commit_output": true,
  "branch_pre_commands": [],
  "branch_post_commands": [],
  "worktree_pre_commands": [],
  "worktree_post_commands": [],
  "branch_user": {
    "enable": true,
    "required": false,
    "separator": "/"
  },
  "branch_type": {
    "enable": true,
    "separator": "/"
  },
  "branch_version": {
    "enable": false,
    "required": false,
    "separator": "/"
  },
  "branch_ticket": {
    "enable": true,
    "required": false,
    "separator": "-"
  },
  "branch_description": {
    "max_length": 70,
    "separator": ""
  },
  "branch_action_default": "branch",
  "branch_order": ["user", "version", "type", "ticket", "description"],
  "worktrees": {
    "enable": true,
    "base_path": "..",
    "folder_template": "{{repo_name}}-{{ticket}}-{{branch_description}}"
  },
  "overrides": {
    "shell": "/bin/sh"
  }
}

[!NOTE]
Some properties allow a set of specific string values

• See config file explanations for possible values

🔭 Config File Explanations

Expand to see explanations and possible values

Expand / Collapse

. refers to nesting. i.e. if a property is commit_type.enable then expect in the config for it to be:

"commit_type": {
  "enable": true
}

Property	Description
check_status	If true run interactive git status
commit_type.enable	If true include commit type
commit_type.initial_value	Initial selection of commit type
commit_type.max_items	Maximum number of type displayed on the screen
commit_type.infer_type_from_branch	If true infer type from branch name
commit_type.append_emoji_to_label	If true append emoji to prompt
commit_type.append_emoji_to_commit	If true append emoji to commit
commit_type.emoji_commit_position	Emoji position, "Start" (default) or "After-Colon"
commit_type.options.value	Commit type prompt value
commit_type.options.label	Commit type prompt label
commit_type.options.hint	Commit type inline hint (like this)
commit_type.options.emoji	Commit type emoji
commit_type.options.trailer	Commit type trailer
commit_scope.enable	If true include commit scope
commit_scope.custom_scope	If true allow custom scope at run-time
commit_scope.initial_value	Default commit scope selected
commit_scope.max_items	Maximum number of scope displayed on the screen
commit_scope.options.value	Commit scope value
commit_scope.options.label	Commit scope label
check_ticket.infer_ticket	If true infer ticket from branch name
check_ticket.confirm_ticket	If true manually confirm inference
check_ticket.add_to_title	If true add ticket to title
check_ticket.append_hashtag	Deprecated: see prepend_hashtag
check_ticket.prepend_hashtag	"Never" (default), "Prompt", or "Always"
check_ticket.title_position	"start" (of description) (default), "end", "before-colon", "beginning" (of the entire commit title)
check_ticket.surround	"" (default), "[]", "()", "{}" - Wraps ticket in title
commit_title.max_size	Max size of title including scope, type, etc...
commit_body.enable	If true include body
commit_body.required	If true body is required
commit_body.split_by_period	Automatically split sentences into new lines
commit_footer.enable	If true include footer
commit_footer.initial_value	Initial values selected in footer
commit_footer.options	Footer options
breaking_change.add_exclamation_to_title	If true adds exclamation mark to title for breaking changes
confirm_commit	If true manually confirm commit at end
confirm_with_editor	Confirm / Edit commit with $GIT_EDITOR / $EDITOR
cache_last_value	Reuse last prompt value after cancel
print_commit_output	If true pretty print commit preview
overrides.shell	Override default shell, useful for windows users

Branch configuration (same config file, split for readability)

Property	Description
branch_pre_commands	Array of shell commands to run before branching
branch_post_commands	Array of shell commands to run after branching
worktree_pre_commands	Array of shell commands to run before creating worktree
worktree_post_commands	Array of shell commands to run after creating worktree
branch_user.enable	If enabled include user name
branch_user.required	If enabled require user name
branch_user.separator	Branch delimeter - "/" (default), "-", "_"
branch_type.enable	If enabled include type
branch_type.separator	Branch delimeter - "/" (default), "-", "_"
branch_ticket.enable	If enabled include ticket
branch_ticket.required	If enabled require ticket
branch_ticket.separator	Branch delimeter - "/", "-" (default), "_"
branch_description.max_length	Max length branch name
branch_description.separator	Branch delimeter - "" (default), "/", "-", "_"
branch_version.enable	If enabled include version
branch_version.required	If enabled require version
branch_version.separator	Branch delimeter - "", "/" (default), "-", "_"
branch_order	Order of branch name values (doesn't affect prompt order)
branch_action_default	"branch" or "worktree"
enable_worktrees	Deprecated see worktrees.enable
worktrees.enable	If false, always default to branch action
worktrees.base_path	Directory where worktrees are created (default: "..")
worktrees.folder_template	Template for worktree folder names with variables like {{repo_name}}, {{branch_description}}, {{user}}, {{type}}, {{ticket}}, {{version}}

🔎 Inference

better-commits will attempt to infer the ticket/issue and the commit-type from your branch name. It will auto populate the corresponding field if found.

Ticket / Issue-Number

• If a STRING-NUMBER or NUMBER are at the start of the branch name or after a /

Commit Type

• If a type is at the start of the branch or is followed by a /

🌳 Better Branch

Better branch is a secondary feature that works with better commits

• Supports consistent branch naming conventions
• Uses same type-list/prompt from your config
• Enables better-commits to infer type & ticket
• Caches your username for speedy branching
• Convenient worktree creation

To run the CLI in your terminal:

better-branch

Worktree Support

better-branch will prompt for Branch or Worktree. The Worktree flow creates a folder/worktree from your branch description and a git branch inside with your full branch name.

[!NOTE]
Creating a worktree named everduin94/feat/TAC-123-add-worktrees with the native git command would create a nested folder for each /. better-branch removes the hassle by creating 1 folder while still using the full name for the branch.

[!TIP] By default, better-branch will create worktrees as a sibling folder. To change this, see worktrees.base_path.

Pre/Post Branch Checkout Hooks

Optionally configure pre and post checkout commands, for example:

• checkout and rebase main before branching
• run npm install before branching
• run npm run dev after branching

See branch_pre_commands and branch_post_commands in default config. (or worktree_pre_commands and worktree_post_commands for creating worktrees)

🌌 Mildly Interesting

Building / Versioning

better-commits works with Semantic Release

• See package.json and .github/workflows/publish.yml for example

Github

If you use better-commits to create your first commit on a new branch

• When you open a PR for that branch, it will properly auto-populate the title and body.
• When you squash/merge, all later commits like "addressing comments" or "fixing mistake". Will be prefixed with an asterisk for easy deletion. This way, you maintain your pretty commit even when squashing.

If you're using Github issues to track your work, and select the closes footer option when writing your commit. Github will automatically link and close that issue when your pr is merged

Changelogs

better-commits can append a commit trailer per commit type. This allows you to automate change logs with tools like Gitlab.

Misc

better-commits uses native git commands under the hood. So any hooks, tools, or staging should work as if it was a normal commit.

Setting confirm_with_editor=true will allow you to edit/confirm a commit with your editor.

• For example, to edit with Neovim: git config --global core.editor "nvim"
• For VS Code, git config --global core.editor "code -n --wait"

You can add this badge to your repository to display that you're using a better-commits repository config

Markdown	Result
[](https://github.com/Everduin94/better-commits)

Git Arguments

You can pass arguments to git through better-commits like so:

better-commits --git-dir="$HOME/.config" --work-tree="$HOME"

A practical example of this would be managing dotfiles, as described in this Atlassian Article

🪟 Troubleshooting Windows

Git Bash

TTY initialization failed: uv_tty_init returned EBADF (bad file descriptor). This may happen because you're running something like git-bash on Windows. Try another terminal/command-prompt or winpty to see if its still an issue.

Multi-line

If your are having issues with multilines for commits on windows, you can override the shell via your .better-commits.json config.

Example

"overrides": {
   "shell": "c:\\Program Files\\Git\\bin\\bash.exe"
}

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