denormalize

denormalize

Functions that work with JavaScript objects and arrays using named properties.

Version 1.2.12 is compatible with IE10 and with ES modules.

Example

Given the following object...

const person = {
  name: {
    first: 'John',
    last: 'Smith',
  },
  friends: ['Alice', 'Bob'],
  dates: [
    {
      type: 'birthdate',
      date: '1994-03-12',
    },
    {
      type: 'graduation',
      date: '2012-06-20',
    },
  ],
};

...we can denormalize the properties into a map as follows:

const { denormalizeProperties } = require('denormalize');
const map = denormalizeProperties(person);

or

import { denormalizeProperties } from 'denormalize';
const map = denormalizeProperties(person);

The returned map object is a one-level structure where each key represents the path to the property in the original object and the value is the value of that property in the original object.

{
  "name.first": "John",
  "name.last": "Smith",
  "friends[0]": "Alice",
  "friends[1]": "Bob",
  "dates[0].type": "birthdate",
  "dates[0].date": "1994-03-12",
  "dates[1].type": "graduation",
  "dates[1].date": "2012-06-20"
}

The object can then be reconstituted by calling normalizeProperties(map) resulting in an object equivalent to the original person object.

We can also get and set individual properties by name.

const { getProperty, setProperty } = require('denormalize');

getProperty(person, 'name.first'); // returns 'John'
getProperty(person, 'friends[0]'); // returns 'Alice'
getProperty(person, 'dates[1].type'); // returns 'graduation'

getProperty(person, 'dates'); // returns the entire array
getProperty(person, 'dates[1]'); // returns one object

// Add another date object to the person.
setProperty(person, 'dates[2].type', 'wedding');
setProperty(person, 'dates[2].date', '2016-09-30');

Syntax

The syntax for naming a property follows the conventional JavaScript dot notation. Array elements are identified using the bracket notation.

The following are all valid property names:

'parts[5].supplier.address.city';
'theme.dark.colors';
'name';
'phone-numbers[3].area-code';
'[0]';

API

The denormalize package exports the following functions:

getProperty(data, name)

• Returns the property value from the data specified by the name or undefined if no such property.

setProperty(data, name, value)

• Sets the property value in the data specified by the name. Intermediate objects and arrays are created as needed. Please note that, using the array syntax, it is possible to create "holes" in arrays (i.e., unassigned elements). These holes can be removed by the normalizeArrayProperties function and are removed by default with the normalizeProperties function.

• This function modifies the specified data (unless null or undefined) and returns the modified (or created) data.

createPropertyName(...args)

• Given a set of strings and numbers, creates a property name. For example, calling createPropertyName('parts', 5, 'supplier', 'address', 'city') returns the string 'parts[5].supplier.address.city'. Numbers (i.e., typeof arg === 'number') automatically get the bracket syntax as they are assumed to be an array index. This function also accepts a single array argument: createPropertyName(['parts', 5, 'supplier', 'address', 'city']).

parsePropertyName(name)

• Performs the inverse of the createPropertyName function. Calling parsePropertyName('parts[5].supplier.address.city') returns the array ['parts', 5, 'supplier', 'address', 'city']. If the argument is an array, then this array is returned as-is. This means that the getProperty and setProperty functions, both of which call parsePropertyName, can also accept an array of name components instead of a string.

denormalizeProperties(data)

• Given any value, creates a map of property names to property values. The result of calling this is shown in the example above.

normalizeProperties(map [, normalizeArrays])

• Performs the inverse of the denormalizeProperties function. Calling this with the map from the previous example results in the original JavaScript object being returned.

• The second parameter defaults to true meaning that the normalizeArrayProperties function (see below) is called on the return value before it is returned. This eliminates holes in all arrays.

copyProperties(data [, normalizeArrays])

• Copies the properties from one object to another. This is equivalent to calling normalizeProperties(denormalizeProperties(data), normalizeArrays).

• The normalizeArrays parameter defaults to true.

normalizeArrayProperties(data)

• Recursively traverses the data and eliminates holes in arrays. The specified data is not modified. The normalized data is returned.

Motivation

This utility came about because I had a large HTML form representing a complex data structure with varying number of array elements in some of the properties. Since HTML forms are a linear collection of name-value pairs, I needed a syntax that allowed me to translate from the data to the form and back again on form submission.

Creating property names that represented the location of the value in the data object was the solution. What I needed next was the means to easily go back and forth between the field representation used by the form and the data object retrieved from (and sent to) the server. This package is the result of that exercise.

On getting the data from the server, I call denormalizeProperties to turn the data into a "field map" that could be used when populating the form. Then, when the form is submitted, I call normalizeProperties to get back to the JavaScript object.

License

MIT License

Copyright (c) 2022 Frank Hellwig

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.