pgtw

PGTW - PostgreSQL table wrapper

Query builder for PostgreSQL with an automatic auditing option and transaction support.

Installation

npm i pgtw

yarn add pgtw

Usage

import pgtw from 'pgtw';

const db = pgtw(options);

// raw SQL query
const result = await db.query('SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = $1', ['baz']);

// table wrapper
const products = db.table('products');
await products.getById('u-u-i-d');
await products.findOne('*', 'name = $1', ['superhero']);
await products.insert({ name: 'superhero', price: 123 });
await products.update({ price: 456 }, 'id = $1', ['u-u-i-d']);
await products.delete('name = $1', ['superhero']);

// auditing
await products.audited(userId).insert({ name: 'superhero', price: 123 });
await products.audited(userId).delete('name = $1', ['superhero']);
await db.auditedQuery(userId, 'DELETE FROM foo WHERE bar = $1', ['baz']);

// transactions
const transaction = await db.transaction();
try {
  await products.insert({ name: 'superhero', price: 123 }, transaction);
  await products.update({ price: 456 }, 'id = $1', ['u-u-i-d'], transaction);
  await transaction.commit();
} catch (err) {
  await transaction.rollback();
  throw err;
}

Options

• user: database user name
• password: database user password
• host: database hostname (localhost by default)
• port: database port (5432 by default)
• database: database name
• loggingFn: logging callback (no-op by default)
• onConnectionError: called when db connection fails
• camelCaseKeys: format result rows keys as camelCased (false by default)

Logging callback (options.loggingFn)

If set, then the logging callback is called with params:

• sql: SQL query (with prepared statements)
• params: query params
• stats: JSON object with query stats:
  • command: SQL query command (eg. SELECT, UPDATE, ...)
  • took: time the query took in milliseconds
  • rows: number of returned/affected rows
  • alias: query alias for log aggregations
  • audit: caller user ID, see auditing

Methods

All methods takes opts as last param, it contains:

• auditUserId: caller user ID for auditing (automatically set)
• alias: SQL query alias for log aggregations
• client: instance of PG client to run query in transaction (automtically set)

query(sql, params, opts = {})

Runs a raw SQL query with prepared statements.

db.query('SELECT * FROM foo = $1', ['bar']);

Returns query result object:

• command: SQL command
• rowCount: number of returned/affected rows
• rows: array of rows returned by query

auditedQuery(auditUserId, sql, params, opts = {})

Auditing version of query method.

• auditUserId: caller user ID

transaction()

Create a transaction. Returns transaction object:

• client: PG client instance to pass to other methods to run them in transaction
• commit: callback to COMMIT transaction
• rollback: callback to ROLLBACK transaction

const transaction = await db.transaction();
try {
  await products.insert({ name: 'superhero', price: 123 }, transaction); // <- short syntax, pass whole transaction object as opts param
  await products.update({ price: 456 }, 'id = $1', ['u-u-i-d'], { client: transaction.client });
  await transaction.commit();
} catch (err) {
  await transaction.rollback();
  throw err;
}

disconnect()

Disconnect from database.

await db.disconnect();

Table wrapper

table(tableName)

Creates new table wrapper.

Table wrapper methods

audited(auditUserId)

Creates audited table wrapper.

• auditUserId: a caller user ID (user who executes the query)

Audited table wrapper support methods (see their description below):

• delete(where, params = [], opts = {})
• insert(data = {}, opts = {})
• insertIfNotExists(data = {}, where, params = [], opts = {})
• update(data = {}, where, params = [], opts = {})
• upsert(data = {}, where, params = [], opts = {})

getById(id, fields = '*', opts = {})

Get record from table by id column

• id: record ID
• fields: comma separated list of columns to be returned by query

Returns found row or null.

await products.getById(123);

getAll(fields = '*', suffix = '', opts = {})

Get all records from table.

• fields: comma separated list of columns to be returned by query
• suffix: SQL fragment to append the SQL SELECT query (appended after FROM statement)

Returns array of rows.

await products.getAll();

firstRow(fields = '*', orderBy = '', opts = {})

Get first record from table.

• fields: comma separated list of columns to be returned by query
• orderBy: name of column to order rows by

Returns found row or null.

await products.firstRow('*', 'id DESC');

find(fields = '*', where, params = [], suffix = '', opts = {})

• fields: comma separated list of columns to be returned by query
• where: WHERE condition fragment with prepared statements
• params: array of params for prepared statements
• suffix: SQL fragment to append the SQL SELECT query (appended after WHERE statement)

Returns array of rows.

await products.find('id, name', 'price > $1', [100]);

findOne(fields = '*', where, params = [], opts = {})

The same as find method, returns found row or null;

await products.findOne('id, name', 'name = $1', ['superhero']);

count(where, params = [], suffix = '', opts = {})

Count number of rows by where and params.

await products.count('name LIKE $1', ['super%']);

exists(where, params = [], suffix = '', opts = {})

Checks if row(s) exists by where and params. Returns boolean.

await products.exists('name LIKE $1', ['super%']);

insert(data = {}, opts = {})

Inserts new row to the table.

• data: JSON object with row data Returns inserted row.

await products.insert({ name: 'superhero', price: 100 });

insertIfNotExists(data = {}, where, params = [], opts = {})

A combination of find and insert methods. If a record does not exist by specified condition then create it, otherwise return found record.

throws InvalidConditionError If a condition returns more than one row, InvalidConditionError is thrown.

// create product 'superhero' if not exists yet
await products.insertIfNotExists({ name: 'superhero', price: 100 }, 'name = $1', ['superhero']);

update(data = {}, where, params = [], opts = {})

Updates row(s) by given conditions.

• data: JSON object with row data
• where: WHERE condition fragment with prepared statements
• params: array of params for prepared statements

Returns updated row or array of updated rows (if affects more than one).

await products.update({ price: 100, discount: true }, 'price > $1', [150]);

upsert(data = {}, where, params = [], opts = {})

A combination of find+update and insert methods. If a record does not exist by specified condition then create it, otherwise update found record.

throws InvalidConditionError If a condition returns more than one row, InvalidConditionError is thrown.

// create product 'new superhero' if not exists yet, if exists then rename it to 'new superhero'
await products.upsert({ name: 'new superhero', price: 100 }, 'name = $1', ['superhero']);

delete(where, params = [], opts = {})

Delete record by given conditions.

• where: WHERE condition fragment with prepared statements
• params: array of params for prepared statements Returns deleted row or null.

await products.delete({'price > $1 AND discount IS $2', [1000, true]);

Automatic auditing

To enable automatic auditing:

• create table to store audit records

CREATE TABLE audit (
  id serial PRIMARY KEY,
  created_at timestamptz NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  operation varchar(6) NOT NULL,
  schema_name varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  table_name varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  key uuid,
  new_values json,
  old_values json,
  user_id uuid
);

• create functions for auditing triggers

-- function set user id in transaction session
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION session_set_user_id(in_user_id uuid) RETURNS uuid AS
$$
BEGIN
  EXECUTE 'SET LOCAL session.user_id = ''' || in_user_id::varchar || '''';
  RETURN in_user_id;
END;
$$
LANGUAGE plpgsql;

-- function returns user id stored in transaction session
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION session_get_user_id() RETURNS uuid AS
$$
DECLARE
  v_user_id varchar;
BEGIN
  SHOW session.user_id INTO v_user_id;
  RETURN NULLIF(v_user_id, '')::uuid;
  EXCEPTION WHEN SQLSTATE '42704' THEN RETURN NULL;
END;
$$
LANGUAGE plpgsql;

-- function returns json with selected keys from another json
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION json_pick(in_json json, in_keys text[]) RETURNS json AS
$$
DECLARE
  v_items text[];
  v_key text;
BEGIN
  FOREACH v_key IN ARRAY in_keys LOOP
    v_items := array_append(v_items, '"' || v_key || '":' || json_extract_path(in_json, v_key));
  END LOOP;
  RETURN ('{' || array_to_string(v_items, ',') || '}')::json;
END;
$$
LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE;

-- audit trigger - logs change into "audit" table, takes primary key name as argument (eg. id etc.)
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION audit_trigger() RETURNS trigger AS
$$
DECLARE
  v_new json;
  v_old json;
  v_key uuid;
BEGIN
  v_key := json_extract_path_text(row_to_json(CASE TG_OP WHEN 'DELETE' THEN OLD ELSE NEW END), TG_ARGV[0])::uuid;

  CASE TG_OP
    WHEN 'INSERT' THEN
    v_new := row_to_json(NEW);
    WHEN 'UPDATE' THEN
    v_new := row_to_json(NEW);
    v_old := row_to_json(OLD);
    DECLARE
      r record;
      v_changed text[] := ARRAY[]::text[];
      v_exclude text[] := (CASE WHEN TG_ARGV[1] IS NOT NULL THEN TG_ARGV[1]::text[] ELSE ARRAY[]::text[] END);
    BEGIN
      FOR r IN (SELECT * FROM json_each_text(v_new)) LOOP
        IF (r.value IS DISTINCT FROM json_extract_path_text(v_old, r.key) AND (ARRAY[r.key] && v_exclude) = FALSE) THEN
          v_changed := array_append(v_changed, r.key);
        END IF;
      END LOOP;
      IF (array_length(v_changed, 1) IS NULL) THEN
        RETURN NULL;
      END IF;
      v_new := json_pick(v_new, v_changed);
      v_old := json_pick(v_old, v_changed);
    END;
    WHEN 'DELETE' THEN
    v_old := row_to_json(OLD);
  ELSE
    RETURN NULL;
  END CASE;

  INSERT INTO audit (operation, schema_name, table_name, key, new_values, old_values, user_id)
  VALUES (TG_OP, TG_TABLE_SCHEMA, TG_TABLE_NAME, v_key, v_new, v_old, session_get_user_id());

  RETURN NULL;
END;
$$
LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
COST 100;

• create auditing trigger on every table you want audit, eg. table product:

DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS product_audit_trigger ON product;
CREATE TRIGGER product_audit_trigger
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON product
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE audit_trigger('id');

Trigger function audit_trigger takes two params:

• id: a name of primary key column. For multiple columns primary key set NULL: EXECUTE PROCEDURE audit_trigger(NULL)
• excluded columns: an array (in SQL format!) of columns that should be ignored. Eg. EXECUTE PROCEDURE audit_trigger('id', '{updated_at}') - changes in column updated_at will be ignored

TODO

TESTS!!!