rustlike-ts

rustlike-ts

This library provides Rust-like Result and Option types for TypeScript, allowing for expressive and safe error handling.

Features

• Rust-inspired syntax: Enjoy Rust-like constructs and style in your TypeScript code.
• Improved safety: Leverage concepts from Rust to write more robust, error-free code.
• Performance-focused: Designed with performance in mind, offering an efficient and streamlined development process.

Installation

npm install rustlike-ts

Result<T, E>

The Result<T, E> type represents either success (Ok(T)) or failure (Err(E)).

Methods

• unwrap(): Returns the contained value if Ok, otherwise throws an error.
• unwrapOr(or: T): Returns the contained value if Ok, otherwise returns the provided default value.
• unwrapOrElse(fn: (error: E) => T): Computes a default value using the provided function.
• expect(message: string): Returns the contained value or throws an error with a custom message.
• expectErr(message: string): Returns the contained error or throws an error if Ok.
• isOk(): Returns true if Ok.
• isErr(): Returns true if Err.
• ok(): Converts Result<T, E> to Option<T> (Some(T) if Ok, otherwise None).
• err(): Converts Result<T, E> to Option<E> (Some(E) if Err, otherwise None).
• map(fn: (data: T) => T): Applies a function to the Ok value.
• mapErr(fn: (err: E) => E): Applies a function to the Err value.
• and<U>(result: Result<U, E>): Returns Err if Err, otherwise returns the provided Result<U, E>.
• andThen<U>(fn: (data: T) => Result<U, E>): Applies a function to the Ok value.
• or(result: Result<T, E>): Returns Ok if Ok, otherwise returns the provided alternative.
• orElse<F>(fn: (err: E) => Result<T, F>): Applies a function to the Err value.

Usage

import { Ok, Err, type Result } from "rustlike-ts";

function divide(a: number, b: number): Result<number, string> {
  if (b === 0) return Err("Division by zero");
  return Ok(a / b);
}

const result = divide(10, 2);
console.log(result.unwrap()); // 5

Option

The Option<T> type represents a value that may or may not be present (Some(T) or None).

Methods

• isSome(): Returns true if Some.
• isNone(): Returns true if None.
• unwrap(): Returns the contained value if Some, otherwise throws an error.
• expect(message: string): Returns the contained value or throws an error with a custom message.
• unwrapOr(or: T): Returns the contained value if Some, otherwise returns the default.
• unwrapOrElse(fn: () => T): Computes a value using the provided function.
• map(fn: (data: T) => T): Applies a function to the contained value.
• mapOr(fallback: T, fn: (data: T) => T): Returns the mapped value or fallback.
• mapOrElse(noneFn: () => T, someFn: (data: T) => T): Applies different functions for Some or None.
• and(option: Option<T>): Returns None if None, otherwise returns the provided Option<T>.
• or(or: Option<T>): Returns Some if Some, otherwise returns the alternative.
• andThen(fn: (data: T) => Option<T>): Applies a function if Some.
• filter(fn: (data: T) => boolean): Returns Some if the predicate is true, otherwise None.

Usage

import { Some, None, type Option } from "rustlike-ts";

function findUser(id: number): Option<string> {
  const users = { 1: "Alice", 2: "Bob" };
  return users[id] ? Some(users[id]) : None;
}

const user = findUser(1);
console.log(user.unwrap()); // Alice

Error Handling

ResultError

A custom error class used for Result errors.

class ResultError extends Error {
  readonly name = "ResultError";
}

OptionError

A custom error class used for Option errors.

class OptionError extends Error {
  readonly name = "OptionError";
}

Utility Functions for Matching Result and Option

This module provides utility functions for handling Result and Option types in a structured manner. The functions allow executing specific logic based on the state of these types, improving code clarity and reducing the need for explicit conditional checks.

matchResult<T, E, R>

Description

Matches a Result<T, E> and executes the corresponding function based on its state:

• If the Result is Ok, it calls op.Ok with the contained value.
• If the Result is Err, it calls op.Err with the contained error.

This function provides a structured way to handle success and error cases, reducing the need for manual conditionals.

Parameters

• result: Result<T, E> - The Result instance to match.
• op: { Ok: (data: T) => R; Err: (error: E) => R } - An object containing callback functions:
  • Ok(data: T): R - Function executed if result is Ok, receiving the contained value.
  • Err(error: E): R - Function executed if result is Err, receiving the contained error.

Returns

R - The return value of the executed function.

Example

const result: Result<number, string> = getResult();
const message = matchResult(result, {
  Ok: (value) => `Success: ${value}`,
  Err: (error) => `Error: ${error}`,
});
console.log(message);

matchOption<T, R>

Description

Matches an Option<T> and executes the corresponding function based on its state:

• If the Option is Some, it calls op.Some with the contained value.
• If the Option is None, it calls op.None.

This function allows handling optional values in a structured way, eliminating explicit if statements.

Parameters

• result: Option<T> - The Option instance to match.
• op: { Some: (data: T) => R; None: () => R } - An object containing callback functions:
  • Some(data: T): R - Function executed if result is Some, receiving the contained value.
  • None(): R - Function executed if result is None.

Returns

R - The return value of the executed function.

Example

const option: Option<string> = getOption();
const result = matchOption(option, {
  Some: (value) => `Value: ${value}`,
  None: () => "No value found",
});
console.log(result);