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ale_py/ale_vector_python_interface.cpp
#include "ale_vector_python_interface.hpp"
#include <pybind11/pybind11.h>
#include <pybind11/stl.h>
#include <pybind11/stl/filesystem.h>
#include <pybind11/numpy.h>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <tuple>
namespace py = pybind11;
// Function to add vector environment bindings to an existing module
void init_vector_module(py::module& m) {
// Define ALEVectorInterface class
py::class_<ale::vector::ALEVectorInterface>(m, "ALEVectorInterface")
.def(py::init<const fs::path, int, int, int, int, int, bool, int, bool, bool, bool, bool, int, float, bool, int, int, int>(),
py::arg("rom_path"),
py::arg("num_envs"),
py::arg("frame_skip") = 4,
py::arg("stack_num") = 4,
py::arg("img_height") = 84,
py::arg("img_width") = 84,
py::arg("maxpool") = true,
py::arg("noop_max") = 30,
py::arg("use_fire_reset") = true,
py::arg("episodic_life") = false,
py::arg("life_loss_info") = false,
py::arg("reward_clipping") = true,
py::arg("max_episode_steps") = 108000,
py::arg("repeat_action_probability") = 0.0f,
py::arg("full_action_space") = false,
py::arg("batch_size") = 0,
py::arg("num_threads") = 0,
py::arg("thread_affinity_offset") = -1)
.def("reset", [](ale::vector::ALEVectorInterface& self, const std::vector<int> reset_indices, const std::vector<int> reset_seeds) {
// Call C++ reset method with GIL released
py::gil_scoped_release release;
auto timesteps = self.reset(reset_indices, reset_seeds);
py::gil_scoped_acquire acquire;
// Get shape information
auto shape_info = self.get_observation_shape();
int stack_num = std::get<0>(shape_info);
int height = std::get<1>(shape_info);
int width = std::get<2>(shape_info);
int num_envs = timesteps.size();
// Create a single NumPy array for all observations
py::array_t<uint8_t> observations({num_envs, stack_num, height, width});
auto observations_ptr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(observations.mutable_data());
// Create arrays for info fields
py::array_t<int> env_ids(num_envs);
py::array_t<int> lives(num_envs);
py::array_t<int> frame_numbers(num_envs);
py::array_t<int> episode_frame_numbers(num_envs);
auto env_ids_ptr = static_cast<int*>(env_ids.mutable_data());
auto lives_ptr = static_cast<int*>(lives.mutable_data());
auto frame_numbers_ptr = static_cast<int*>(frame_numbers.mutable_data());
auto episode_frame_numbers_ptr = static_cast<int*>(episode_frame_numbers.mutable_data());
// Copy data from observations to NumPy arrays
size_t obs_size = stack_num * height * width;
for (int i = 0; i < num_envs; i++) {
const auto& timestep = timesteps[i];
// Copy screen data
std::memcpy(
observations_ptr + i * obs_size,
timestep.observation.data(),
obs_size * sizeof(uint8_t)
);
// Copy info fields
env_ids_ptr[i] = timestep.env_id;
lives_ptr[i] = timestep.lives;
frame_numbers_ptr[i] = timestep.frame_number;
episode_frame_numbers_ptr[i] = timestep.episode_frame_number;
}
// Create info dict
py::dict info;
info["env_id"] = env_ids;
info["lives"] = lives;
info["frame_number"] = frame_numbers;
info["episode_frame_number"] = episode_frame_numbers;
return py::make_tuple(observations, info);
})
.def("send", [](ale::vector::ALEVectorInterface& self, const std::vector<int> action_ids, const std::vector<float> paddle_strengths) {
self.send(action_ids, paddle_strengths);
})
.def("recv", [](ale::vector::ALEVectorInterface& self) {
auto timesteps = self.recv();
py::gil_scoped_acquire acquire;
// Get shape information
auto shape_info = self.get_observation_shape();
int stack_num = std::get<0>(shape_info);
int height = std::get<1>(shape_info);
int width = std::get<2>(shape_info);
int num_envs = timesteps.size();
// Create NumPy arrays
py::array_t<uint8_t> observations({num_envs, stack_num, height, width});
py::array_t<int> rewards(num_envs);
py::array_t<bool> terminations(num_envs);
py::array_t<bool> truncations(num_envs);
py::array_t<int> env_ids(num_envs);
py::array_t<int> lives(num_envs);
py::array_t<int> frame_numbers(num_envs);
py::array_t<int> episode_frame_numbers(num_envs);
// Get pointers to the arrays' data
auto observations_ptr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(observations.mutable_data());
auto rewards_ptr = static_cast<int*>(rewards.mutable_data());
auto terminations_ptr = static_cast<bool*>(terminations.mutable_data());
auto truncations_ptr = static_cast<bool*>(truncations.mutable_data());
auto env_ids_ptr = static_cast<int*>(env_ids.mutable_data());
auto lives_ptr = static_cast<int*>(lives.mutable_data());
auto frame_numbers_ptr = static_cast<int*>(frame_numbers.mutable_data());
auto episode_frame_numbers_ptr = static_cast<int*>(episode_frame_numbers.mutable_data());
// Copy data from observations to NumPy arrays
size_t obs_size = stack_num * height * width;
for (int i = 0; i < num_envs; i++) {
const auto& timestep = timesteps[i];
// Copy screen data
std::memcpy(
observations_ptr + i * obs_size,
timestep.observation.data(),
obs_size * sizeof(uint8_t)
);
// Copy other fields
rewards_ptr[i] = timestep.reward;
terminations_ptr[i] = timestep.terminated;
truncations_ptr[i] = timestep.truncated;
env_ids_ptr[i] = timestep.env_id;
lives_ptr[i] = timestep.lives;
frame_numbers_ptr[i] = timestep.frame_number;
episode_frame_numbers_ptr[i] = timestep.episode_frame_number;
}
// Create info dict
py::dict info;
info["env_id"] = env_ids;
info["lives"] = lives;
info["frame_number"] = frame_numbers;
info["episode_frame_number"] = episode_frame_numbers;
return py::make_tuple(observations, rewards, terminations, truncations, info);
})
.def("get_action_set", &ale::vector::ALEVectorInterface::get_action_set)
.def("get_num_envs", &ale::vector::ALEVectorInterface::get_num_envs)
.def("get_observation_shape", &ale::vector::ALEVectorInterface::get_observation_shape);
}
#ifndef ALE_VECTOR_INTERFACE_HPP_
#define ALE_VECTOR_INTERFACE_HPP_
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
#include <random>
#include <filesystem>
#include <stdexcept>
#include "ale/vector/async_vectorizer.hpp"
#include "ale/vector/preprocessed_env.hpp"
#include "ale/vector/utils.hpp"
#include <pybind11/pybind11.h>
#include <pybind11/stl.h>
#include <pybind11/stl/filesystem.h>
#include <pybind11/numpy.h>
namespace py = pybind11;
void init_vector_module(py::module& m);
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
namespace ale {
namespace vector {
/**
* ALEVectorInterface provides a vectorized interface to the Arcade Learning Environment.
* It manages multiple Atari environments running in parallel and allows sending actions
* and receiving observations in batches.
*/
class ALEVectorInterface {
public:
/**
* Constructor
*
* @param rom_path Path to the ROM file
* @param num_envs Number of parallel environments
* @param frame_skip Number of frames to skip between agent decisions (default: 4)
* @param stack_num Number of frames to stack for observations (default: 4)
* @param img_height Height to resize frames to (default: 84)
* @param img_width Width to resize frames to (default: 84)
* @param maxpool If to maxpool over frames (default: true)
* @param noop_max Maximum number of no-ops to perform at reset (default: 30)
* @param fire_reset Whether to press FIRE during reset (default: true)
* @param episodic_life Whether to end episodes when a life is lost (default: false)
* @param max_episode_steps Maximum number of steps per episode (default: 108000)
* @param repeat_action_probability Probability of repeating the last action (default: 0.0f)
* @param full_action_space Whether to use the full action space (default: false)
* @param batch_size The number of environments to process in a batch (0 means use num_envs, default: 0)
* @param num_threads The number of worker threads to use (0 means use hardware concurrency, default: 0)
* @param seed Random seed (default: 0)
* @param thread_affinity_offset The CPU core offset for thread affinity (-1 means no affinity, default: -1)
*/
ALEVectorInterface(
const fs::path rom_path,
int num_envs,
int frame_skip = 4,
int stack_num = 4,
int img_height = 84,
int img_width = 84,
bool maxpool = true,
int noop_max = 30,
bool use_fire_reset = true,
bool episodic_life = false,
bool life_loss_info = false,
bool reward_clipping = true,
int max_episode_steps = 108000,
float repeat_action_probability = 0.0f,
bool full_action_space = false,
int batch_size = 0,
int num_threads = 0,
int thread_affinity_offset = -1
) : rom_path_(rom_path),
num_envs_(num_envs),
frame_skip_(frame_skip),
stack_num_(stack_num),
img_height_(img_height),
img_width_(img_width),
maxpool_(maxpool),
noop_max_(noop_max),
use_fire_reset_(use_fire_reset),
episodic_life_(episodic_life),
life_loss_info_(life_loss_info),
reward_clipping_(reward_clipping),
max_episode_steps_(max_episode_steps),
repeat_action_probability_(repeat_action_probability),
full_action_space_(full_action_space),
received_env_ids_(batch_size > 0 ? batch_size : num_envs) {
// Create environment factory
auto env_factory = [this](int env_id) {
return std::make_unique<PreprocessedAtariEnv>(
env_id,
rom_path_,
img_height_,
img_width_,
frame_skip_,
maxpool_,
stack_num_,
noop_max_,
use_fire_reset_,
episodic_life_,
life_loss_info_,
reward_clipping_,
max_episode_steps_,
repeat_action_probability_,
full_action_space_,
-1
);
};
// Create vectorizer
vectorizer_ = std::make_unique<AsyncVectorizer>(
num_envs,
batch_size,
num_threads,
thread_affinity_offset,
env_factory
);
// Initialize action set (assuming all environments have the same action set)
auto temp_env = env_factory(0);
action_set_ = temp_env->get_action_set();
}
/**
* Reset all environments
*
* @param reset_indices Vector of environment indices to be reset
* @return Timesteps from all environments after reset
*/
std::vector<Timestep> reset(const std::vector<int> reset_indices, const std::vector<int> reset_seeds) {
vectorizer_->reset(reset_indices, reset_seeds);
return recv();
}
/**
* Step environments with actions
*
* @param actions Vector of actions to take in environments
*/
void send(const std::vector<int>& action_ids, const std::vector<float>& paddle_strengths) {
if (action_ids.size() != paddle_strengths.size()) {
throw std::invalid_argument(
"The size of the action_ids is different from the paddle_strengths, action_ids length=" + std::to_string(action_ids.size())
+ ", paddle_strengths length=" + std::to_string(paddle_strengths.size()));
}
std::vector<ale::vector::EnvironmentAction> environment_actions;
environment_actions.resize(action_ids.size());
for (int i = 0; i < action_ids.size(); i++) {
ale::vector::EnvironmentAction env_action;
env_action.env_id = received_env_ids_[i];
env_action.action_id = action_ids[i];
env_action.paddle_strength = paddle_strengths[i];
environment_actions[i] = env_action;
}
vectorizer_->send(environment_actions);
}
/**
* Returns the environment's data for the environments
*/
std::vector<Timestep> recv() {
std::vector<Timestep> timesteps = vectorizer_->recv();
for (int i = 0; i < timesteps.size(); i++) {
received_env_ids_[i] = timesteps[i].env_id;
}
return timesteps;
}
/**
* Get the available actions for the environments
*
* @return Vector of available actions
*/
const ActionVect& get_action_set() const {
return action_set_;
}
/**
* Get the number of environments
*
* @return Number of environments
*/
int get_num_envs() const {
return num_envs_;
}
/**
* Get the dimensions of the observation space
*
* @return Tuple of (stack_num, height, width)
*/
std::tuple<int, int, int> get_observation_shape() const {
return std::make_tuple(stack_num_, img_height_, img_width_);
}
private:
fs::path rom_path_; // Path to the ROM file
int num_envs_; // Number of parallel environments
int frame_skip_; // Number of frames to skip
int stack_num_; // Number of frames to stack
int img_height_; // Height of resized frames
int img_width_; // Width of resized frames
bool maxpool_; // If to maxpool over frames
int noop_max_; // Max no-ops on reset
bool use_fire_reset_; // Whether to fire on reset
bool episodic_life_; // End episode on life loss
bool life_loss_info_; // If to provide termination signal (but not reset) on life loss
bool reward_clipping_; // If to clip rewards between -1 and 1
int max_episode_steps_; // Max steps per episode
float repeat_action_probability_; // Sticky actions probability
bool full_action_space_; // Use full action space
std::vector<int> received_env_ids_; // Vector of environment ids for the most recently received data
std::unique_ptr<AsyncVectorizer> vectorizer_; // Vectorizer
ActionVect action_set_; // Set of available actions
};
} // namespace vector
} // namespace ale
#endif // ALE_VECTOR_INTERFACE_HPP_

Sorry, the diff of this file is too big to display

"""Vector environment for ALE."""
from __future__ import annotations
from typing import Any
import ale_py
import gymnasium.vector.utils
import numpy as np
from ale_py import roms
from ale_py.env import AtariEnv
from gymnasium.core import ObsType
from gymnasium.spaces import Box, Discrete
from gymnasium.vector import VectorEnv
class AtariVectorEnv(VectorEnv):
"""Vector environment implementation for ALE."""
def __init__(
self,
game: str,
num_envs: int,
*,
batch_size: int = 0,
num_threads: int = 0,
thread_affinity_offset: int = -1,
max_num_frames_per_episode: int = 108000,
repeat_action_probability: float = 0.0,
full_action_space: bool = False,
continuous: bool = False,
continuous_action_threshold: float = 0.5,
# Preprocessing values
img_height: int = 84,
img_width: int = 84,
stack_num: int = 4,
frameskip: int = 4,
maxpool: bool = True,
noop_max: int = 30,
episodic_life: bool = False,
life_loss_info: bool = False,
reward_clipping: bool = True,
use_fire_reset: bool = True,
):
"""Constructor for vector environment.
Args:
game: ROM name
num_envs: Number of environments
batch_size: If to provide a batch of environments (in async mode)
num_threads: The number of threads to use for parallel environments
thread_affinity_offset: The CPU core offset for thread affinity (-1 means no affinity, default: -1)
max_num_frames_per_episode: Maximum number of steps per episode
repeat_action_probability: Repeat action probability for the sub-environments
full_action_space: If the environment should use the full action space
continuous: If to use the continuous action space
continuous_action_threshold: The continuous action threshold
img_height: The frame height
img_width: The ƒrame width
stack_num: The frame stack size
frameskip: The number of frame skips to use for each action
maxpool: If maxpool over subsequent frames
noop_max: If to use noop-max for the episode resets
episodic_life: If to terminate episodes on life losses
life_loss_info: If to provide a termination signal on life loss
reward_clipping: If to clip rewards between -1 and 1
use_fire_reset: If to take fire action on reset if available
"""
self.ale = ale_py.ALEVectorInterface(
rom_path=roms.get_rom_path(game),
num_envs=num_envs,
frame_skip=frameskip,
stack_num=stack_num,
img_height=img_height,
img_width=img_width,
maxpool=maxpool,
noop_max=noop_max,
use_fire_reset=use_fire_reset,
episodic_life=episodic_life,
life_loss_info=life_loss_info,
reward_clipping=reward_clipping,
max_episode_steps=max_num_frames_per_episode,
repeat_action_probability=repeat_action_probability,
full_action_space=full_action_space,
batch_size=batch_size,
num_threads=num_threads,
thread_affinity_offset=thread_affinity_offset,
)
self.continuous = continuous
self.continuous_action_threshold = continuous_action_threshold
self.map_action_idx = np.zeros((3, 3, 2), dtype=np.int32)
for h in (-1, 0, 1):
for v in (-1, 0, 1):
for f in (False, True):
self.map_action_idx[h, v, f] = AtariEnv.map_action_idx(
h, v, f
).value
self.single_observation_space = Box(
shape=(stack_num, img_height, img_width), low=0, high=255, dtype=np.uint8
)
if self.continuous:
# Actions are radius, theta, and fire, where first two are the parameters of polar coordinates.
self.single_action_space = Box(
np.array([0.0, -np.pi, 0.0]).astype(np.float32),
np.array([1.0, np.pi, 1.0]).astype(np.float32),
)
else:
self.single_action_space = Discrete(len(self.ale.get_action_set()))
self.batch_size = num_envs if batch_size == 0 else batch_size
self.num_envs = num_envs
self.observation_space = gymnasium.vector.utils.batch_space(
self.single_observation_space, self.batch_size
)
self.action_space = gymnasium.vector.utils.batch_space(
self.single_action_space, self.batch_size
)
def reset(
self, *, seed: int | None = None, options: dict[str, Any] | None = None
) -> tuple[ObsType, dict[str, Any]]:
"""Resets the sub-environments.
Args:
seed: Current unimplemented
options: Supports `reset_mask` that indicates what sub-environments should be reset
Returns:
Tuple of observations for the sub-environments and info on them.
"""
if options is None or "reset_mask" not in options:
reset_indices = np.arange(self.num_envs)
else:
reset_mask = options["reset_mask"]
assert isinstance(reset_mask, np.ndarray) and reset_mask.dtype == np.bool
reset_indices, _ = np.where(reset_mask)
if seed is None:
reset_seeds = np.full(len(reset_indices), -1)
elif isinstance(seed, int):
reset_seeds = np.arange(seed, seed + len(reset_indices))
elif isinstance(seed, np.ndarray):
reset_seeds = seed
else:
raise TypeError("Unsupported seed type")
return self.ale.reset(reset_indices, reset_seeds)
def step(
self, actions: np.ndarray
) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, dict[str, Any]]:
"""Steps through the sub-environments for which the actions are taken, return arrays for the next observations, rewards, termination, truncation and info."""
self.send(actions)
return self.ale.recv()
def send(self, actions: np.ndarray):
"""Send the actions to the sub-environments."""
if self.continuous:
assert isinstance(actions, np.ndarray)
assert actions.dtype == np.float32
assert actions.shape == (self.batch_size, 2)
x = actions[0, :] * np.cos(actions[1, :])
y = actions[0, :] * np.sin(actions[1, :])
horizontal = -(x < self.continuous_action_threshold) + (
x > self.continuous_action_threshold
)
vertical = -(y < self.continuous_action_threshold) + (
y > self.continuous_action_threshold
)
fire = actions[1, :] > self.continuous_action_threshold
action_ids = self.map_action_idx[np.array([horizontal, vertical, fire])]
paddle_strength = actions[1, :]
self.ale.send(action_ids, paddle_strength)
else:
assert isinstance(actions, np.ndarray)
assert actions.dtype == np.int64 or actions.dtype == np.int32
assert actions.shape == (self.batch_size,)
paddle_strength = np.ones(self.batch_size)
self.ale.send(actions, paddle_strength)
def recv(
self,
) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, dict[str, Any]]:
"""Receive the next observations, rewards, terminations, truncations and info from the sub-environments."""
# The data will be of the batch_size, see `info["env_id"]` for the set of environments used.
return self.ale.recv()
### GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
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To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
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you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
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We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
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Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
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patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.
### TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
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contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be
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### END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
### How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to
attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.
Copyright (C) yyyy name of author
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
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along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome
to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
for details.
The hypothetical commands \`show w' and \`show c' should show the
appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
commands you use may be called something other than \`show w' and
\`show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever
suits your program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or
your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program,
if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
interest in the program `Gnomovision'
(which makes passes at compilers) written
by James Hacker.
signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library,
you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the
[GNU Lesser General Public
License](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html) instead of this
License.
+20
-35
"""Python module for interacting with ALE c++ interface and gymnasium wrapper."""
import importlib.metadata as metadata
import os
import platform
import sys
import warnings

@@ -26,33 +26,11 @@

# Loading DLLs on Windows is kind of a disaster
# The best approach seems to be using LoadLibraryEx
# with user defined search paths. This kind of acts like
# $ORIGIN or @loader_path on Unix / macOS.
# The best approach seems to be using LoadLibraryEx with user defined search paths.
# This kind of acts like $ORIGIN or @loader_path on Unix / macOS.
# This way we guarantee we load OUR DLLs.
if sys.version_info.major == 3 and sys.version_info.minor >= 8:
os.add_dll_directory(packagedir)
else:
# TODO: Py38: Remove AddDllDirectory
kernel32 = ctypes.WinDLL("kernel32.dll", use_last_error=True)
if hasattr(kernel32, "AddDllDirectory"):
kernel32.AddDllDirectory(packagedir)
os.add_dll_directory(packagedir)
# TODO Py38: Once 3.7 is deprecated use importlib.metadata to parse
# version string from package.
try:
import importlib.metadata as metadata
except ImportError:
import importlib_metadata as metadata
try:
__version__ = metadata.version(__package__)
except metadata.PackageNotFoundError:
__version__ = "unknown"
__version__ = metadata.version(__package__)
# Import native shared library
from ale_py._ale_py import ( # noqa: E402
SDL_SUPPORT,
Action,
ALEInterface,
ALEState,
LoggerMode,
)
from ale_py._ale_py import SDL_SUPPORT, Action, ALEInterface, ALEState, LoggerMode

@@ -63,11 +41,18 @@ __all__ = ["Action", "ALEInterface", "ALEState", "LoggerMode", "SDL_SUPPORT"]

try:
from ale_py.env import AtariEnv, AtariEnvStepMetadata
# As the vector interface is an optional cmake build, it's not assumed to exist
from ale_py._ale_py import ALEVectorInterface
__all__ += ["AtariEnv", "AtariEnvStepMetadata"]
__all__ += ["ALEVectorInterface"]
except ImportError:
pass
from ale_py.registration import register_v0_v4_envs, register_v5_envs
register_v0_v4_envs()
register_v5_envs()
except ImportError:
pass
from ale_py.env import AtariEnv, AtariEnvStepMetadata
from ale_py.vector_env import AtariVectorEnv
__all__ += ["AtariEnv", "AtariEnvStepMetadata", "AtariVectorEnv"]
from ale_py.registration import register_v0_v4_envs, register_v5_envs
register_v0_v4_envs()
register_v5_envs()

@@ -0,3 +1,5 @@

from __future__ import annotations
import os
from typing import List, Optional, overload
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, overload

@@ -11,2 +13,3 @@ import numpy as np

"ALEInterface",
"ALEVectorInterface",
"ALEState",

@@ -172,5 +175,37 @@ "LoggerMode",

def setString(self, key: str, value: str) -> None: ...
pass
class ALEVectorInterface:
def __init__(
self,
rom_path: os.PathLike,
num_envs: int,
frame_skip: int,
stack_num: int,
img_height: int,
img_width: int,
maxpool: bool,
noop_max: int,
use_fire_reset: bool,
episodic_life: bool,
life_loss_info: bool,
reward_clipping: bool,
max_episode_steps: int,
repeat_action_probability: float,
full_action_space: bool,
batch_size: int,
num_threads: int,
thread_affinity_offset: int,
) -> None: ...
def reset(
self, reset_indices: np.ndarray, reset_seeds: np.ndarray
) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, Dict[str, Any]]: ...
def send(self, action_idx: np.ndarray, paddle_strength: np.ndarray): ...
def recv(
self,
) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, Dict[str, Any]]: ...
def get_action_set(self) -> List[Action]: ...
def get_num_envs(self) -> int: ...
def get_observation_shape(self) -> Tuple[int, int, int]: ...
SDL_SUPPORT: bool
__version__: str

@@ -19,3 +19,2 @@ /* *****************************************************************************

#include <sstream>
#include <optional>

@@ -31,2 +30,7 @@

#ifdef BUILD_VECTOR_LIB
#include "ale_vector_python_interface.hpp"
#endif
namespace py = pybind11;

@@ -151,8 +155,6 @@ using namespace py::literals;

.def_static("isSupportedROM", &ale::ALEInterface::isSupportedROM)
.def("act", (ale::reward_t(ale::ALEPythonInterface::*)(uint32_t, float)) &
ale::ALEPythonInterface::act,
.def("act", &ale::ALEPythonInterface::act,
py::arg("action"),
py::arg("paddle_strength") = 1.0)
.def("act", (ale::reward_t(ale::ALEInterface::*)(ale::Action, float)) &
ale::ALEInterface::act,
.def("act", &ale::ALEInterface::act,
py::arg("action"),

@@ -217,4 +219,9 @@ py::arg("paddle_strength") = 1.0)

.def_static("setLoggerMode", &ale::Logger::setMode);
// Initialize the vector module if it's enabled
#ifdef BUILD_VECTOR_LIB
init_vector_module(m);
#endif
}
#endif // __ALE_PYTHON_INTERFACE_HPP__

@@ -17,3 +17,10 @@ find_package(Python3 COMPONENTS Interpreter Development.Module REQUIRED)

add_library(ale-py MODULE ale_python_interface.cpp)
# If vector library is enabled, include the vector Python interface
if(BUILD_VECTOR_LIB)
add_library(ale-py MODULE ale_python_interface.cpp ale_vector_python_interface.cpp)
target_compile_definitions(ale-py PRIVATE BUILD_VECTOR_LIB)
else ()
add_library(ale-py MODULE ale_python_interface.cpp)
endif()
# Depend on the ALE and pybind11 module

@@ -20,0 +27,0 @@ target_link_libraries(ale-py PUBLIC ale ale-lib)

@@ -400,6 +400,7 @@ """Gymnasium wrapper around the Arcade Learning Environment (ALE)."""

@staticmethod
@lru_cache(18)
def map_action_idx(
self, left_center_right: int, down_center_up: int, fire: bool
) -> int:
left_center_right: int, down_center_up: int, fire: bool
) -> ale_py.Action:
"""Return an action idx given unit actions for underlying env."""

@@ -406,0 +407,0 @@ # no op and fire

@@ -36,42 +36,2 @@ """Registration for Atari environments."""

def _register_rom_configs(
roms: Sequence[str],
obs_types: Sequence[str],
configs: Sequence[EnvConfig],
prefix: str = "",
):
if len(prefix) > 0 and prefix[-1] != "/":
prefix += "/"
for rom in roms:
for obs_type in obs_types:
for config in configs:
for flavour in config.flavours:
name = _rom_id_to_name(rom)
name = f"{name}-ram" if obs_type == "ram" else name
# Parse config kwargs
config_kwargs = (
config.kwargs(rom) if callable(config.kwargs) else config.kwargs
)
# Parse flavour kwargs
flavour_kwargs = (
flavour.kwargs(rom)
if callable(flavour.kwargs)
else flavour.kwargs
)
# Register the environment
gymnasium.register(
id=f"{prefix}{name}{flavour.suffix}-{config.version}",
entry_point="ale_py.env:AtariEnv",
kwargs=dict(
game=rom,
obs_type=obs_type,
**config_kwargs,
**flavour_kwargs,
),
)
def register_v0_v4_envs():

@@ -180,25 +140,57 @@ """Registers all v0 and v4 environments."""

_register_rom_configs(legacy_games, obs_types, versions)
for rom in legacy_games:
for obs_type in obs_types:
for config in versions:
for flavour in config.flavours:
name = _rom_id_to_name(rom)
name = f"{name}-ram" if obs_type == "ram" else name
# Parse config kwargs
if callable(config.kwargs):
config_kwargs = config.kwargs(rom)
else:
config_kwargs = config.kwargs
# Parse flavour kwargs
if callable(flavour.kwargs):
flavour_kwargs = flavour.kwargs(rom)
else:
flavour_kwargs = flavour.kwargs
# Register the environment
gymnasium.register(
id=f"{name}{flavour.suffix}-{config.version}",
entry_point="ale_py.env:AtariEnv",
kwargs=dict(
game=rom,
obs_type=obs_type,
**config_kwargs,
**flavour_kwargs,
),
)
def register_v5_envs():
"""Register all v5 environments."""
all_games = roms.get_all_rom_ids()
obs_types = ["rgb", "ram"]
# max_episode_steps is 108k frames which is 30 mins of gameplay.
# This corresponds to 108k / 4 = 27,000 steps
versions = [
EnvConfig(
version="v5",
kwargs={
"repeat_action_probability": 0.25,
"full_action_space": False,
"frameskip": 4,
"max_num_frames_per_episode": 108_000,
},
flavours=[EnvFlavour("", {})],
for rom in all_games:
if rom in {"combat", "joust", "maze_craze", "warlords"}:
continue
name = _rom_id_to_name(rom)
# max_episode_steps is 108k frames which is 30 mins of gameplay.
# This corresponds to 108k / 4 = 27,000 steps
gymnasium.register(
id=f"ALE/{name}-v5",
entry_point="ale_py.env:AtariEnv",
vector_entry_point="ale_py.vector_env:AtariVectorEnv",
kwargs=dict(
game=rom,
repeat_action_probability=0.25,
full_action_space=False,
frameskip=4,
max_num_frames_per_episode=108_000,
),
)
]
_register_rom_configs(all_games, obs_types, versions, prefix="ALE/")

@@ -1,10 +0,10 @@

Metadata-Version: 2.2
Metadata-Version: 2.4
Name: ale-py
Version: 0.10.2
Version: 0.11.0
Summary: The Arcade Learning Environment (ALE) - a platform for AI research.
Author: Marc G. Bellemare, Yavar Naddaf, Joel Veness, Michael Bowling
Maintainer-email: Farama Foundation <contact@farama.org>, Jesse Farebrother <jfarebro@cs.mcgill.ca>
License: GPLv2
License-Expression: GPL-2.0-only
Project-URL: homepage, https://github.com/Farama-Foundation/Arcade-Learning-Environment
Project-URL: documentation, https://github.com/Farama-Foundation/Arcade-Learning-Environment/tree/master/docs
Project-URL: documentation, https://ale.farama.org
Project-URL: changelog, https://github.com/Farama-Foundation/Arcade-Learning-Environment/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -14,3 +14,2 @@ Keywords: reinforcement-learning,arcade-learning-environment,atari

Classifier: Intended Audience :: Science/Research
Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v2 (GPLv2)
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3

@@ -34,2 +33,4 @@ Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9

Requires-Dist: gymnasium>=1.0.0; extra == "test"
Requires-Dist: opencv-python>=3.0; extra == "test"
Dynamic: license-file

@@ -36,0 +37,0 @@ The Arcade Learning Environment

+16
-13

@@ -1,16 +0,14 @@

ale_py-0.10.2.dist-info/LICENSE.md,sha256=MVVce6oSrBFQvJpI-22FtV2c6hM2rjr6k9ZT9o_km7I,17879
ale_py-0.10.2.dist-info/RECORD,,
ale_py-0.10.2.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=HQquLNNRUomuzWueBNrqINFman-CGVesKQI-ZGwXyWQ,111
ale_py-0.10.2.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=CjHTcYlCUfmSaCGbLLpKEKIY5hZteuawsHZy3TWVyNk,7
ale_py-0.10.2.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=j-csKHreVCzaeuh_8irtWY_aoNvS82rKQ8jgkVlyJnA,8250
ale_py/registration.py,sha256=J0MFENv_9VeG5-yly8azUEZNwUa0vOAQPLbeXET07l4,5806
ale_py/ale_python_interface.hpp,sha256=AjDf0FfiDK1PlynWzKDPAesT7TWTEdm-5BFEr_ACvhw,9840
ale_py/CMakeLists.txt,sha256=pNF-wcNWV3WHc2zRCJZz4f2yg_acaXkVqS1kpCbUgUY,2961
ale_py/env.py,sha256=2hwDYyBDr_v_SfhOu45JbaynB0iPtGPsn1APxqMrHO4,19001
ale_py/__init__.pyi,sha256=-9NyL8GXjJPNlqmGcoxMe4yE6Jx1fC2kKPv0b8vODcg,6959
ale_py/_ale_py.cpython-310-darwin.so,sha256=FeCUsZu4Wr2c2qJxBpXSvOuQMAgbqWM8CavRhb9lY6o,2084016
ale_py/__init__.py,sha256=46VRo5hRwmIRnvv-wY6CeTf7j3QMq7r-cJCpAizQAZA,2111
ale_py/registration.py,sha256=rPYRnbcNlHmU-P_YeyLWsjUmGYrd7weMh-Di9wYU6RU,5699
ale_py/ale_python_interface.hpp,sha256=N6QJrhVNCYDd_tvsFwterorv4KAwvv3qslj9dmlQYNc,9839
ale_py/ale_vector_python_interface.hpp,sha256=Dhil_M9zT8QHLzzkJnc48EESPkAPg1J7rn1gWokod44,8446
ale_py/CMakeLists.txt,sha256=WygrJIU5MUEUgZpOfG2MomlI7RtnKk6zvtL-MstGqPQ,3223
ale_py/env.py,sha256=Z_logFOd_BzjK5h-0QZ0epwXZ7S_hso8VeLvQIkRudc,19023
ale_py/__init__.pyi,sha256=lLoLLG3bdGV9oBYY01mZdsD66ZxUdByO_gFRuoujbgo,8092
ale_py/vector_env.py,sha256=rlTLlp0iT86m_oYj72JyXa_IC8Af2dkZLv8D9KJlA84,7793
ale_py/libSDL2-2.0.0.dylib,sha256=aebRM_pgqQ9CQ6T-EQ9WmdVuCPvGEnqKXKOE_5ixiZg,1701600
ale_py/_ale_py.cpython-310-darwin.so,sha256=WEpTi0mi3UQBdeqOzZIu3IiNxW0gYDGWgQbjUz2JGRk,4226032
ale_py/__init__.py,sha256=Mea4ro3Nae71zaV9x43nFEVL_y-4L2AgnMBixiHRdfM,1733
ale_py/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
ale_py/ale_python_interface.cpp,sha256=lb6y_ZP5lBAHOwrYYsTEtmnfv47QX_a3YcIa-KcDgwY,7494
ale_py/libSDL2-2.0.dylib,sha256=QdVS6OyY4-jxd9FZBnYW7UV5Rcib6ppPOqUlLGgcLoM,1734168
ale_py/ale_vector_python_interface.cpp,sha256=ObU5-82G133Qfwzb9dm6AcoyxZmWW8hmsMOV5bFQUWY,7306
ale_py/roms/asterix.bin,sha256=thYdsFMNhEW17w6LcAUAUx6YCqEBhOUZY1XyenumCBk,8192

@@ -126,1 +124,6 @@ ale_py/roms/asteroids.bin,sha256=W6b5GFGyMxo3o_5qlQybRk_XZMsDWj0l1LQ4jpsmdo8,8192

ale_py/roms/superman.bin,sha256=d9I_JpEhZmJyjrYwugk2OE6pSoHUEEdZLSf-4SIQsjM,4096
ale_py-0.11.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
ale_py-0.11.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=aLQNhEyIPdqpFq0FjR-ZWmft0NSZR99U8evwFcdNWHI,136
ale_py-0.11.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=CjHTcYlCUfmSaCGbLLpKEKIY5hZteuawsHZy3TWVyNk,7
ale_py-0.11.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=AC7rb954qOZmpilegWG5gRzBsT_IKZCvZSc-pY_eK4M,8205
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### GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
### Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom
to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is
intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if
you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify the software.
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on,
we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the
original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect
on the original authors' reputations.
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at
all.
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.
### TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
**0.** This License applies to any program or other work which
contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be
distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The
"Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work
based on the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work
under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or
a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or
translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is
included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee
is addressed as "you".
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program
(independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that
is true depends on what the Program does.
**1.** You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a
fee.
**2.** You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any
portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
**a)** You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
**b)** You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part
thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties
under the terms of this License.
**c)** If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive
use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement
including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is
no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that
users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling
the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the
Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an
announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print
an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote
it.
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
the scope of this License.
**3.** You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
**a)** Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1
and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
**b)** Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of
physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable
copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the
terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for
software interchange; or,
**c)** Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed
only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the
program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in
accord with Subsection b above.)
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
itself accompanies the executable.
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
**4.** You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise
to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and
will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.
**5.** You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
the Program or works based on it.
**6.** Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on
the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
this License.
**7.** If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of
patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent
issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order,
agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this
License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License.
If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your
obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations,
then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For
example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free
redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly
or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it
and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the
Program.
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
circumstances.
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
impose that choice.
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
**8.** If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
**9.** The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and
"any later version", you have the option of following the terms and
conditions either of that version or of any later version published by
the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a
version number of this License, you may choose any version ever
published by the Free Software Foundation.
**10.** If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other
free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to
the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by
the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation;
we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by
the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our
free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software
generally.
**NO WARRANTY**
**11.** BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE
PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME
THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
**12.** IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN
WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY
AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU
FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE
PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING
RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A
FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF
SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.
### END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
### How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to
attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.
Copyright (C) yyyy name of author
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome
to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
for details.
The hypothetical commands \`show w' and \`show c' should show the
appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
commands you use may be called something other than \`show w' and
\`show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever
suits your program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or
your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program,
if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
interest in the program `Gnomovision'
(which makes passes at compilers) written
by James Hacker.
signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library,
you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the
[GNU Lesser General Public
License](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html) instead of this
License.

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