fraiseql

FraiseQL

📍 You are here: Main FraiseQL Framework (v1.8.9) - Stable Release

Current Version: v1.8.9 | Status: Stable | Python: 3.13+ | PostgreSQL: 13+

GraphQL for the LLM era. Simple. Powerful. Rust-fast.

PostgreSQL returns JSONB. Rust transforms it. Zero Python overhead.

# Complete GraphQL API in ~15 lines
from fraiseql import type, query
from fraiseql.fastapi import create_fraiseql_app

@fraiseql.type(sql_source="v_user", jsonb_column="data")
class User:
    id: int
    name: str
    email: str

@fraiseql.query
async def users(info) -> list[User]:
    db = info.context["db"]
    return await db.find("v_user")

app = create_fraiseql_app(
    database_url="postgresql://localhost/mydb",
    types=[User],
    queries=[users]
)

Why FraiseQL?

• ⚡ Rust pipeline - No Python JSON overhead, compiled performance
• 🔒 Secure by design - Explicit field contracts prevent data leaks
• 🤖 AI-native - LLMs generate correct code on first try
• 💰 Save $5-48K/year - Eliminate Redis, Sentry, APM tools
• 🔄 GraphQL Cascade - Automatic cache updates and side effect tracking
• ✨ Auto-populated mutations - status, message, errors handled automatically (50-60% less boilerplate)
• 🎯 Auto-wired query params - where, orderBy, limit, offset added automatically to list queries
• 🔍 Advanced filtering - Full-text search, JSONB queries, array operations, regex
• 🧠 Vector search - pgvector integration for semantic search, RAG, recommendations (6 distance operators)
• 📋 GraphQL compliant - 85-90% GraphQL spec compliance with advanced fragment support

🤔 Is this for me?

FraiseQL is for production teams building high-performance GraphQL APIs with PostgreSQL.

✅ You should use FraiseQL if you:

• Build customer-facing APIs with PostgreSQL
• Need sub-millisecond query performance
• Want enterprise-grade security and monitoring
• Have 2-50 developers on your team
• Are tired of Python serialization overhead

❌ Consider alternatives if you:

• Need multi-database support (FraiseQL is PostgreSQL-only)
• Are building your first GraphQL API (start with simpler frameworks)
• Don't use JSONB columns in PostgreSQL

See detailed audience guide for complete user profiles.

⚡ The Rust Advantage

The problem with traditional GraphQL frameworks:

PostgreSQL → Rows → ORM deserialize → Python objects → GraphQL serialize → JSON → Response
                    ╰────────────── Unnecessary roundtrip ──────────────╯

FraiseQL's exclusive Rust pipeline:

PostgreSQL → JSONB → Rust field selection → HTTP Response
             ╰──────── Zero Python overhead ────────╯

Why This Matters

No Python serialization overhead:

# Traditional framework (Strawberry + SQLAlchemy)
user = db.query(User).first()        # SQL query
user_dict = user.__dict__             # Python object → dict
json_str = json.dumps(user_dict)      # dict → JSON string (slow!)

# FraiseQL
SELECT data FROM v_user LIMIT 1       # Returns JSONB
# Rust transforms JSONB → HTTP response (7-10x faster than Python)

Architectural benefits:

• PostgreSQL composes JSONB once - No N+1 query problems
• Rust selects fields - Respects GraphQL query shape in compiled code
• Direct HTTP response - Zero-copy path from database to client
• No ORM abstraction - Database returns final data structure

Security benefits:

• Explicit field exposure - Only fields in JSONB view are accessible (no accidental leaks)
• Clear data contracts - JSONB structure defines exactly what's exposed
• No ORM over-fetching - Can't accidentally expose hidden columns
• SQL injection protection - PostgreSQL prepared statements + typed parameters
• Audit trail by design - Every mutation function can log explicitly
• No mass assignment risks - Input types define allowed fields precisely

Other frameworks can't do this. They're locked into Python-based serialization because ORM returns Python objects. ORMs can accidentally expose fields you didn't mean to serialize, or fetch entire rows when only requesting specific fields.

FraiseQL is database-first, so data is already JSON. Rust just makes it fast and secure.

🔒 Security by Architecture

Traditional ORM-based frameworks have inherent security risks:

The ORM Security Problem

# Traditional ORM (SQLAlchemy + Strawberry)
class User(Base):
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    email = Column(String)
    password_hash = Column(String)  # Sensitive!
    is_admin = Column(Boolean)      # Sensitive!
    api_key = Column(String)        # Sensitive!

# Strawberry type
@strawberry.type
class UserType:
    id: int
    email: str
    # Developer forgot to exclude password_hash, is_admin, api_key!

# Risk: ORM object has ALL columns accessible
# One mistake in serialization = data leak

Common ORM vulnerabilities:

• ❌ Accidental field exposure - ORM loads all columns, easy to forget exclusions
• ❌ Mass assignment attacks - ORM objects can be updated with any field
• ❌ Over-fetching - Fetching entire rows increases attack surface
• ❌ Hidden relationships - Lazy loading can expose unintended data
• ❌ Implicit behavior - ORM magic makes security audits difficult

FraiseQL's Explicit Security

-- PostgreSQL view explicitly defines what's exposed
CREATE VIEW v_user AS
SELECT
    id,
    jsonb_build_object(
        'id', id,
        'email', email
        -- password_hash, is_admin, api_key NOT included
        -- Impossible to accidentally expose them!
    ) as data
FROM tb_user;

# Python type mirrors EXACT view structure
@type(sql_source="v_user", jsonb_column="data")
class User:
    id: int
    email: str
    # That's it. No other fields exist in this contract.

FraiseQL security advantages:

• ✅ Explicit field whitelisting - Only fields in JSONB view can be queried
• ✅ Impossible to over-fetch - View defines the complete data structure
• ✅ Fixed recursion depth - View defines max nesting, prevents depth attacks
• ✅ Protected against N+1 bombs - One query regardless of GraphQL complexity
• ✅ Clear audit trail - Database view + Python type = two-layer verification
• ✅ SQL injection protection - Prepared statements + typed parameters always
• ✅ Mass assignment prevention - Input types define allowed fields precisely
• ✅ Row-level security - PostgreSQL RLS integrates directly with views
• ✅ Cryptographic audit logging - Built-in SHA-256 + HMAC audit chains

Recursion Depth Attack Protection

Traditional GraphQL vulnerability:

# Malicious query - can crash traditional servers
query {
  user(id: 1) {
    posts {           # 10 posts
      author {        # → 10 queries
        posts {       # → 10 × 10 = 100 queries
          author {    # → 100 queries
            posts {   # → 1,000 queries
              # ... 10 levels = 10^10 queries = server crash
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Traditional framework response:

• Each resolver level executes database queries
• N+1 problem multiplies exponentially with depth
• Requires query complexity middleware (can be bypassed)
• DataLoader reduces but doesn't eliminate the problem

FraiseQL's built-in protection:

-- View defines MAXIMUM recursion depth
CREATE VIEW v_user AS
SELECT
    id,
    jsonb_build_object(
        'id', id,
        'name', name,
        'posts', (
            SELECT jsonb_agg(jsonb_build_object(
                'id', p.id,
                'title', p.title
                -- NO 'author' field here!
                -- Recursion is STRUCTURALLY IMPOSSIBLE
            ))
            FROM tb_post p
            WHERE p.user_id = tb_user.id
            LIMIT 100  -- Hard limit on array size
        )
    ) as data
FROM tb_user;

What happens when attacker tries deep query:

query {
  user {
    posts {
      author {  # ← GraphQL schema validation FAILS
        # Field 'author' doesn't exist on Post type
        # because v_post view doesn't include it
      }
    }
  }
}

Protection layers:

• Schema validation - GraphQL rejects queries for non-existent fields
• View structure - Database defines allowed nesting depth
• Hard limits - LIMIT clauses prevent array size attacks
• One query - PostgreSQL executes entire JSONB in single query

Result: Attackers cannot exceed the depth you define in views. No middleware needed.

🔐 Security Features

FraiseQL includes enterprise-grade security features designed for global regulatory compliance and production deployment:

📋 Software Bill of Materials (SBOM)

• Automated generation via fraiseql sbom generate
• Global compliance: US EO 14028, EU NIS2/CRA, PCI-DSS 4.0, ISO 27001
• CycloneDX 1.5 format with cryptographic signing
• CI/CD integration for continuous compliance

🔑 Key Management Service (KMS)

• HashiCorp Vault: Production-ready with transit engine
• AWS KMS: Native integration with GenerateDataKey
• GCP Cloud KMS: Envelope encryption support
• Local Provider: Development-only with warnings

🛡️ Security Profiles

• STANDARD: Default protections for general applications
• REGULATED: PCI-DSS/HIPAA/SOC 2 compliance
• RESTRICTED: Government, defence, critical infrastructure
  • 🇺🇸 FedRAMP, DoD, NIST 800-53
  • 🇪🇺 NIS2 Essential Entities, EU CRA
  • 🇨🇦 CPCSC (defence contractors)
  • 🇦🇺 Essential Eight Level 3
  • 🇸🇬 Singapore CII operators

📊 Observability

• OpenTelemetry tracing with sensitive data sanitization
• Security event logging
• Audit trail support

🔒 Advanced Security Controls

• Rate limiting for API endpoints and GraphQL operations
• CSRF protection for mutations and forms
• Security headers middleware for defense in depth
• Input validation and sanitization
• Field-level authorization with role inheritance
• Row-level security via PostgreSQL RLS

🔐 Security Configuration • 🌍 Global Compliance Guide • 📋 KMS Architecture

🤖 Built for AI-Assisted Development

FraiseQL is the first GraphQL framework designed for the LLM era.

Clear Context in SQL Functions

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_create_user(
    p_email TEXT,
    p_name TEXT
) RETURNS JSONB AS $$
DECLARE
    v_user_id UUID;
BEGIN
    -- AI can see exactly what happens here
    -- No hidden ORM magic, no abstraction layers

    -- Validate email
    IF p_email !~ '^[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z|a-z]{2,}$' THEN
        RETURN jsonb_build_object(
            'success', false,
            'error', 'Invalid email format'
        );
    END IF;

    -- Insert user
    INSERT INTO tb_user (email, name)
    VALUES (p_email, p_name)
    RETURNING id INTO v_user_id;

    -- Log for observability
    INSERT INTO audit_log (action, details, timestamp)
    VALUES ('user_created', jsonb_build_object('user_id', v_user_id), NOW());

    -- Return clear JSONB contract
    RETURN jsonb_build_object(
        'success', true,
        'user_id', v_user_id,
        'message', 'User created successfully'
    );
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

The entire business logic is in one place. LLMs don't need to guess about hidden ORM behavior.

Explicit Contracts

@input
class CreateUserInput:
    email: str  # AI sees exact input structure
    name: str

@success
class UserCreated:
    user_id: str  # AI sees success response
    message: str

@error
class ValidationError:
    error: str    # AI sees failure cases
    code: str = "VALIDATION_ERROR"

@fraiseql.mutation(function="fn_create_user", schema="public")
class CreateUser:
    input: CreateUserInput
    success: UserCreated
    failure: ValidationError

# That's it! FraiseQL automatically:
# 1. Calls public.fn_create_user(input) with input as dict
# 2. Parses JSONB result into UserCreated or ValidationError

Why AI Loves This

• ✅ SQL + Python - Massively trained languages (no proprietary DSLs)
• ✅ JSONB everywhere - Clear data structures, obvious contracts
• ✅ Database functions - Complete context in one file
• ✅ Explicit logging - AI can trace execution without debugging
• ✅ No abstraction layers - What you see is what executes

Real Impact: Claude Code, GitHub Copilot, and ChatGPT generate correct FraiseQL code on first try.

📖 Core Concepts

New to FraiseQL? Understanding these core concepts will help you make the most of the framework:

📚 Concepts & Glossary - Essential terminology and mental models:

• CQRS Pattern - Separate read models (views) from write models (functions)
• Trinity Identifiers - Three-tier ID system (pk_*, id, identifier) for performance and UX
• JSONB Views - PostgreSQL composes data once, eliminating N+1 queries
• Database-First Architecture - Start with PostgreSQL, GraphQL follows
• Explicit Sync Pattern - Table views (tv_*) for complex queries

Quick links:

• Understanding FraiseQL - 10-minute architecture overview
• Database API - Connection pooling and query execution
• Types and Schema - Complete type system guide
• Filter Operators - Advanced PostgreSQL filtering (arrays, full-text search, JSONB, regex)

✨ See How Simple It Is

Complete CRUD API in 20 Lines

from uuid import UUID
from fraiseql import type, query, mutation, input, success
from fraiseql.fastapi import create_fraiseql_app

# Step 1: Map PostgreSQL view to GraphQL type
@fraiseql.type(sql_source="v_note", jsonb_column="data")
class Note:
    id: UUID
    title: str
    content: str | None

# Step 2: Define queries
@fraiseql.query
async def notes(info) -> list[Note]:
    """Get all notes."""
    db = info.context["db"]
    return await db.find("v_note")

@fraiseql.query
async def note(info, id: UUID) -> Note | None:
    """Get a note by ID."""
    db = info.context["db"]
    return await db.find_one("v_note", id=id)

# Step 3: Define mutations
@input
class CreateNoteInput:
    title: str
    content: str | None = None

@fraiseql.mutation
class CreateNote:
    input: CreateNoteInput
    success: Note

# Step 4: Create app
app = create_fraiseql_app(
    database_url="postgresql://localhost/mydb",
    types=[Note],
    queries=[notes, note],
    mutations=[CreateNote]
)

That's it. Your GraphQL API is ready.

The Database-First Pattern

-- PostgreSQL view explicitly defines what's exposed
CREATE VIEW v_user AS
SELECT
    id,
    jsonb_build_object(
        'id', id,
        'name', name,
        'email', email,
        -- password_hash, is_admin, api_key NOT included
        -- Impossible to accidentally expose them!
    ) as data
FROM tb_user;

# Python type mirrors EXACT view structure
@fraiseql.type(sql_source="v_user", jsonb_column="data")
class User:
    id: int
    name: str
    email: str
    posts: list[Post]  # Nested relations! No N+1 queries!

# Step 3: Query it
@fraiseql.query
async def users(info) -> list[User]:
    db = info.context["db"]
    return await db.find("v_user")

No ORM. No complex resolvers. PostgreSQL composes data, Rust transforms it.

Mutations with Business Logic

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_publish_post(p_post_id UUID) RETURNS JSONB AS $$
DECLARE
    v_post RECORD;
BEGIN
    -- Get post with user info (Trinity pattern: JOIN on pk_user)
    SELECT p.*, u.email as user_email
    INTO v_post
    FROM tb_post p
    JOIN tb_user u ON p.fk_user = u.pk_user  -- ✅ Trinity: INTEGER FK to pk_user
    WHERE p.id = p_post_id;

    -- Validate post exists
    IF NOT FOUND THEN
        RETURN jsonb_build_object('success', false, 'error', 'Post not found');
    END IF;

    -- Validate not already published
    IF v_post.published_at IS NOT NULL THEN
        RETURN jsonb_build_object('success', false, 'error', 'Post already published');
    END IF;

    -- Update post
    UPDATE tb_post
    SET published_at = NOW()
    WHERE id = p_post_id;

    -- Sync projection table
    PERFORM fn_sync_tv_post(p_post_id);

    -- Log event
    INSERT INTO audit_log (action, details)
    VALUES ('post_published', jsonb_build_object('post_id', p_post_id, 'user_email', v_post.user_email));

    -- Return success
    RETURN jsonb_build_object('success', true, 'post_id', p_post_id);
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

Business logic, validation, logging - all in the database function. Crystal clear for humans and AI.

Selective CASCADE Querying

Request only the CASCADE data you need:

mutation CreatePost($input: CreatePostInput!) {
  createPost(input: $input) {
    post { id title }

    # Option 1: No CASCADE (smallest payload)
    # Just omit the cascade field

    # Option 2: Metadata only
    cascade {
      metadata { affectedCount }
    }

    # Option 3: Full CASCADE
    cascade {
      updated { __typename id entity }
      deleted { __typename id }
      invalidations { queryName }
      metadata { affectedCount }
    }
  }
}

Performance: Not requesting CASCADE reduces response size by 2-10x.

💰 In PostgreSQL Everything

Replace 4 services with 1 database.

Cost Savings Calculator

Traditional Stack	FraiseQL Stack	Annual Savings
PostgreSQL: $50/mo	PostgreSQL: $50/mo	-
Redis Cloud: $50-500/mo	✅ In PostgreSQL	$600-6,000/yr
Sentry: $300-3,000/mo	✅ In PostgreSQL	$3,600-36,000/yr
APM Tool: $100-500/mo	✅ In PostgreSQL	$1,200-6,000/yr
Total: $500-4,050/mo	Total: $50/mo	$5,400-48,000/yr

How It Works

Caching (Replaces Redis)

from fraiseql.caching import PostgresCache

cache = PostgresCache(db_pool)
await cache.set("user:123", user_data, ttl=3600)

# Uses PostgreSQL UNLOGGED tables
# - No WAL overhead = fast writes
# - Shared across instances
# - TTL-based expiration
# - Pattern-based deletion

Error Tracking (Replaces Sentry)

from fraiseql.monitoring import init_error_tracker

tracker = init_error_tracker(db_pool, environment="production")
await tracker.capture_exception(error, context={...})

# Features:
# - Automatic error fingerprinting and grouping
# - Full stack trace capture
# - OpenTelemetry trace correlation
# - Custom notifications (Email, Slack, Webhook)

Observability (Replaces APM)

-- All traces and metrics stored in PostgreSQL
SELECT * FROM monitoring.traces
WHERE error_id = 'error-123'
  AND trace_id = 'trace-xyz';

Grafana Dashboards Pre-built dashboards in grafana/ query PostgreSQL directly:

• Error monitoring dashboard
• Performance metrics dashboard
• OpenTelemetry traces dashboard

Operational Benefits

• ✅ 70% fewer services to deploy and monitor
• ✅ One database to backup (not 4 separate systems)
• ✅ No Redis connection timeouts or cluster issues
• ✅ No Sentry quota surprises or rate limiting
• ✅ ACID guarantees for everything (no eventual consistency)
• ✅ Self-hosted - full control, no vendor lock-in

🏗️ Architecture Deep Dive

Rust-First Execution

┌─────────────────┐    ┌──────────────────┐    ┌─────────────────┐
│   GraphQL       │ →  │   PostgreSQL     │ →  │   Rust          │
│   Request       │    │   JSONB Query    │    │   Transform     │
│                 │    │                  │    │   (7-10x faster)│
└─────────────────┘    └──────────────────┘    └─────────────────┘
                                                         ↓
                                                ┌─────────────────┐
                                                │   FastAPI       │
                                                │   HTTP Response │
                                                └─────────────────┘

Unified path for all queries:

• GraphQL query arrives at FastAPI
• Python resolver calls PostgreSQL view/function
• PostgreSQL returns pre-composed JSONB
• Rust pipeline transforms JSONB based on GraphQL selection
• FastAPI returns bytes directly (zero Python serialization)

CQRS Pattern

FraiseQL implements Command Query Responsibility Segregation:

┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│         GraphQL API                 │
├──────────────────┬──────────────────┤
│   QUERIES        │   MUTATIONS      │
│   (Reads)        │   (Writes)       │
├──────────────────┼──────────────────┤
│  v_* views       │  fn_* functions  │
│  tv_* tables     │  tb_* tables     │
│  JSONB ready     │  Business logic  │
└──────────────────┴──────────────────┘

Queries use views:

• v_* - Real-time views with JSONB computation
• tv_* - Denormalized tables with generated JSONB columns (for complex queries)

Mutations use functions:

• fn_* - Business logic, validation, side effects
• tb_* - Base tables for data storage

📊 Detailed Architecture Diagrams

Key Innovations

1. Exclusive Rust Pipeline

• PostgreSQL → Rust → HTTP (no Python JSON processing)
• 7-10x faster JSON transformation vs Python
• No GIL contention, compiled performance

2. JSONB Views

• Database composes data once
• Rust selects fields based on GraphQL query
• No N+1 query problems

3. Table Views (tv_*)

-- Denormalized JSONB table with explicit sync
CREATE TABLE tv_user (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY,
    data JSONB NOT NULL,  -- Regular column, not generated
    updated_at TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Sync function populates tv_* from v_* view
CREATE FUNCTION fn_sync_tv_user(p_user_id INT) RETURNS VOID AS $$
BEGIN
    INSERT INTO tv_user (id, data)
    SELECT id, data FROM v_user WHERE id = p_user_id
    ON CONFLICT (id) DO UPDATE SET
        data = EXCLUDED.data,
        updated_at = NOW();
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

-- Mutations call sync explicitly
CREATE FUNCTION fn_create_user(p_name TEXT) RETURNS JSONB AS $$
DECLARE v_user_id INT;
BEGIN
    INSERT INTO tb_user (name) VALUES (p_name) RETURNING id INTO v_user_id;
    PERFORM fn_sync_tv_user(v_user_id);  -- ← Explicit sync call
    RETURN (SELECT data FROM tv_user WHERE id = v_user_id);
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

Benefits: Instant lookups, embedded relations, explicitly synchronized

4. Zero-Copy Response

• Direct RustResponseBytes to FastAPI
• No Python serialization overhead
• Optimal for high-throughput APIs

🎯 How FraiseQL Is Different

Execution Path Comparison

Framework	Data Flow	JSON Processing	Recursion Protection	Security Model
FraiseQL	PostgreSQL JSONB → Rust → HTTP	✅ Rust (compiled)	✅ View-enforced	✅ Explicit contracts
Strawberry + SQLAlchemy	PostgreSQL → ORM → Python dict → JSON	❌ Python (2 steps)	⚠️ Middleware required	❌ ORM over-fetching risk
Hasura	PostgreSQL → Haskell → JSON	⚠️ Haskell	⚠️ Middleware required	⚠️ Complex permission system
PostGraphile	PostgreSQL → Node.js → JSON	⚠️ JavaScript	⚠️ Middleware required	⚠️ Plugin-based

FraiseQL's Unique Advantages

• ✅ Database returns final structure (JSONB views)
• ✅ Rust handles field selection (compiled performance)
• ✅ No Python in hot path (zero serialization overhead)
• ✅ No ORM abstraction (SQL functions are business logic)
• ✅ Built-in recursion protection (view defines max depth, no middleware needed)
• ✅ Secure by design (explicit field contracts prevent data leaks)
• ✅ AI-readable (clear contracts, full context visible)
• ✅ PostgreSQL-native (caching, monitoring, APQ in one database)

🎯 Advanced Features

Automatic Persisted Queries (APQ)

Enterprise-grade APQ with pluggable storage backends:

from fraiseql import FraiseQLConfig

# Memory backend (zero configuration)
config = FraiseQLConfig(apq_storage_backend="memory")

# PostgreSQL backend (multi-instance coordination)
config = FraiseQLConfig(
    apq_storage_backend="postgresql",
    apq_storage_schema="apq_cache"
)

How it works:

• Client sends query hash instead of full query
• FraiseQL checks storage backend for cached query
• PostgreSQL → Rust → HTTP (same fast path)
• Bandwidth reduction with large queries

⚡ APQ Details

Specialized Type System

Advanced operators for network types, hierarchical data, ranges, and nested arrays:

query {
  servers(where: {
    ipAddress: { eq: "192.168.1.1" }          # → ::inet casting
    port: { gt: 1024 }                        # → ::integer casting
    location: { ancestor_of: "US.CA" }        # → ltree operations
    dateRange: { overlaps: "[2024-01-01,2024-12-31)" }

    # Nested array filtering with logical operators
    printServers(where: {
      AND: [
        { operatingSystem: { in: ["Linux", "Windows"] } }
        { OR: [
            { nTotalAllocations: { gte: 100 } }
            { NOT: { ipAddress: { isnull: true } } }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }) {
      hostname operatingSystem
    }
  }) {
    id name ipAddress port
  }
}

50+ Specialized Scalar Types:

Financial & Trading:

• CUSIP, ISIN, SEDOL, MIC, LEI - Security identifiers
• Money, Percentage, ExchangeRate - Financial values
• CurrencyCode, StockSymbol - Trading symbols

Network & Infrastructure:

• IPv4, IPv6, CIDR, MACAddress - Network addresses with subnet operations
• Hostname, DomainName, Port, EmailAddress - Internet identifiers
• APIKey, HashSHA256 - Security tokens

Geospatial & Location:

• Coordinate, Latitude, Longitude - Geographic coordinates with distance calculations
• PostalCode, Timezone - Location data

Business & Logistics:

• ContainerNumber, FlightNumber, TrackingNumber, VIN - Asset identifiers
• IBAN, LicensePlate - Financial & vehicle identifiers
• PhoneNumber, LocaleCode, LanguageCode - Contact & localization

Technical & Data:

• UUID, JSON, Date, DateTime, Time, DateRange - Standard types with validation
• LTree - Hierarchical data with ancestor/descendant queries
• SemanticVersion, Color, MIMEType, File, Image - Specialized formats
• HTML, Markdown - Rich text content

Advanced Filtering: Full-text search, JSONB queries, array operations, regex, vector similarity search on all types

Scalar Type Usage Examples

from fraiseql import type
from fraiseql.types import (
    EmailAddress, PhoneNumber, Money, Percentage,
    CUSIP, ISIN, IPv4, MACAddress, LTree, DateRange
)

@fraiseql.type(sql_source="v_financial_data")
class FinancialRecord:
    id: int
    email: EmailAddress           # Validated email addresses
    phone: PhoneNumber           # International phone numbers
    balance: Money               # Currency amounts with precision
    margin: Percentage           # Percentages (0.00-100.00)
    security_id: CUSIP | ISIN    # Financial instrument identifiers

@fraiseql.type(sql_source="v_network_devices")
class NetworkDevice:
    id: int
    ip_address: IPv4             # IPv4 addresses with subnet operations
    mac_address: MACAddress      # MAC addresses with validation
    location: LTree              # Hierarchical location paths
    maintenance_window: DateRange # Date ranges with overlap queries

# Advanced filtering with specialized types
query {
  financialRecords(where: {
    balance: { gte: "1000.00" }           # Money comparison
    margin: { between: ["5.0", "15.0"] }   # Percentage range
    security_id: { eq: "037833100" }       # CUSIP validation
  }) {
    id balance margin security_id
  }

  networkDevices(where: {
    ip_address: { inSubnet: "192.168.1.0/24" }  # CIDR operations
    location: { ancestor_of: "US.CA.SF" }       # LTree hierarchy
    maintenance_window: { overlaps: "[2024-01-01,2024-12-31)" }
  }) {
    id ip_address location
  }
}

📖 Nested Array Filtering Guide

Enterprise Security

from fraiseql import authorized

@fraiseql.authorized(roles=["admin", "editor"])
@fraiseql.mutation
class DeletePost:
    """Only admins and editors can delete posts."""
    input: DeletePostInput
    success: DeleteSuccess
    failure: PermissionDenied

# Features:
# - Field-level authorization with role inheritance
# - Row-level security via PostgreSQL RLS
# - Unified audit logging with cryptographic chain (SHA-256 + HMAC)
# - Multi-tenant isolation
# - Rate limiting and CSRF protection

Trinity Identifiers

Three types of identifiers per entity for different purposes:

@fraiseql.type(sql_source="posts")
class Post(TrinityMixin):
    """
    Trinity Pattern:
    - pk_post (int): Internal SERIAL key (NOT exposed, only in database)
    - id (UUID): Public API key (exposed, stable)
    - identifier (str): Human-readable slug (exposed, SEO-friendly)
    """

    # GraphQL exposed fields
    id: UUID                  # Public API (stable, secure)
    identifier: str | None    # Human-readable (SEO-friendly, slugs)
    title: str
    content: str
    # ... other fields

    # pk_post is NOT a field - accessed via TrinityMixin.get_internal_pk()

Why three?

• pk_*: Fast integer joins (PostgreSQL only, never in GraphQL schema)
• id: Public API stability (UUID, exposed, never changes)
• identifier: Human-friendly URLs (exposed, SEO, readability)

🚀 Get Started in 5 Minutes

# Install
pip install fraiseql

# Create project
fraiseql init my-api
cd my-api

# Setup database
createdb my_api
psql my_api < schema.sql

# Start server
fraiseql dev

Your GraphQL API is live at http://localhost:8000/graphql 🎉

Next Steps

• 📚 First Hour Guide - Build a complete blog API (60 minutes, hands-on)
• 🧠 Understanding FraiseQL - Architecture deep dive (10 minute read)
• ⚡ 5-Minute Quickstart - Copy, paste, run
• 📖 Full Documentation - Complete guides and references

Prerequisites

• Python 3.13+ (required for Rust pipeline integration and advanced type features)
• PostgreSQL 13+

📖 Detailed Installation Guide - Platform-specific instructions, troubleshooting

🚦 Is FraiseQL Right for You?

✅ Perfect For

• PostgreSQL-first teams already using PostgreSQL extensively
• Performance-critical APIs requiring efficient data access
• Multi-tenant SaaS with per-tenant isolation needs
• Cost-conscious startups ($5-48K annual savings vs traditional stack)
• AI-assisted development teams using Claude/Copilot/ChatGPT
• Operational simplicity - one database for everything
• Self-hosted infrastructure - full control, no vendor lock-in

❌ Consider Alternatives

• Multi-database support - FraiseQL is PostgreSQL-specific
• Simple CRUD APIs - Traditional REST may be simpler
• Non-PostgreSQL databases - FraiseQL requires PostgreSQL
• Microservices - Better for monolithic or database-per-service

🛠️ CLI Commands

# Project management
fraiseql init <name>           # Create new project
fraiseql dev                   # Development server with hot reload
fraiseql check                 # Validate schema and configuration

# Code generation
fraiseql generate schema       # Export GraphQL schema
fraiseql generate types        # Generate TypeScript definitions

# Database utilities
fraiseql sql analyze <query>   # Analyze query performance
fraiseql sql explain <query>   # Show PostgreSQL execution plan

📚 Learn More

• Documentation - Complete guides and API reference
• Examples - Real-world applications and patterns
• Architecture - Design decisions and trade-offs
• Performance Guide - Optimization strategies
  • Benchmark Methodology - Reproducible performance benchmarks
  • Reproduction Guide - Run benchmarks yourself
• Troubleshooting - Common issues and solutions

🤝 Contributing

We welcome contributions! See CONTRIBUTING.md for:

• Development setup and testing
• Architecture decisions and patterns
• Code style and review process

Quick Start

git clone https://github.com/fraiseql/fraiseql
cd fraiseql && make setup-dev

Pre-commit with prek (7-10x faster)

FraiseQL uses prek - a Rust-based replacement for pre-commit:

# Install prek (faster than pre-commit)
brew install j178/tap/prek      # macOS
cargo install prek              # or via Rust

# Setup git hooks
prek install

# Run before committing
prek run --all

Why prek? ⚡ 7-10x faster than pre-commit, single binary, zero Python dependencies.

For more details: See .claude/CLAUDE.md or run make prek-list

🙏 Acknowledgments

FraiseQL draws inspiration from:

• Strawberry GraphQL - Excellent Python GraphQL library ("Fraise" = French for strawberry)
• Harry Percival's "Architecture Patterns with Python" - Clean architecture and repository patterns
• Eric Evans' "Domain-Driven Design" - Database-centric domain modeling
• PostgreSQL community - For building the world's most advanced open source database

👨‍💻 About

FraiseQL is created by Lionel Hamayon (@evoludigit), a self-taught developer and founder of Évolution digitale.

Started: April 2025

The Origin Story

I built FraiseQL after discovering something that changed everything: PostgreSQL views returning JSONB could eliminate SQLAlchemy's N+1 query problem and lazy loading chaos.

After years struggling with Django, Flask, FastAPI, and Strawberry GraphQL with SQLAlchemy, I realized the ORM approach was fundamentally flawed. Every relationship meant another query, and even with careful eager loading, the complexity exploded.

Then I tried something simple: What if PostgreSQL composed the entire data structure as JSONB in a single query? No ORM relationships. No lazy loading. No N+1 queries. Just one view that returns everything.

It worked beautifully. But there was still that stupid inefficiency: PostgreSQL returns JSON → Python deserializes to objects → GraphQL serializes back to JSON. Why are we doing this roundtrip?

Skip the ORM. Skip the object mapping. Let PostgreSQL return the JSON directly.

But I also wanted something designed for the LLM era. SQL and Python are two of the most massively trained languages—LLMs understand them natively. Why not make a framework where AI can easily get context and generate correct code?

FraiseQL is the result:

• Database-first CQRS where PostgreSQL does what it does best
• Rust pipeline for compiled performance (7-10x faster than Python JSON)
• Python stays minimal - just decorators and type hints
• LLM-readable by design - clear contracts, explicit logic

Full disclosure: I built this while compulsively preparing for scale I didn't have. But that obsession led somewhere real—zero N+1 queries, efficient architecture, and a framework that both humans and AI can understand.

Connect:

• 💼 GitHub: @evoludigit
• 📧 [e-mail]
• 🏢 Évolution digitale

Support FraiseQL:

• ⭐ Star fraiseql/fraiseql
• 💬 Join discussions and share feedback
• 🤝 Contribute to the project

📄 License

MIT License - see LICENSE for details.

📋 Project Navigation

Version Overview

Version	Location	Status	Purpose	For Users?
v1.8.9	Root level	Stable	Current production release	✅ Production Ready
Rust Pipeline	fraiseql_rs/	Integrated	Included in v1.8.9+	✅ Stable

New to FraiseQL? → First Hour Guide • Project Structure

📖 Complete Version Roadmap

Ready to build the most efficient GraphQL API in Python?

pip install fraiseql && fraiseql init my-api

🚀 PostgreSQL → Rust → Production