ipwhois

======= ipwhois

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Summary

ipwhois is a Python package focused on retrieving and parsing whois data for IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.

.. note::

If you are experiencing latency issues, it is likely related to rate
limiting. Rate limiting is based on your source IP, which may be a problem
with multiple users behind the same proxy. Additionally, LACNIC implements
aggressive rate limiting. Experimental bulk query support is new as of
v1.0.0.

Features

• Parses a majority of whois fields in to a standard dictionary
• IPv4 and IPv6 support
• Supports RDAP queries (recommended method, see: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7483)
• Proxy support for RDAP queries
• Supports legacy whois protocol queries
• Referral whois support for legacy whois protocol
• Recursive network parsing for IPs with parent/children networks listed
• National Internet Registry support for JPNIC and KRNIC
• Supports IP to ASN and ASN origin queries
• Python 2.7 and 3.4+ supported
• Useful set of utilities
• Experimental bulk query support
• BSD license
• Human readable field translations
• Full CLI for IPWhois with optional ANSI colored console output.

Links

Documentation

GitHub latest ^^^^^^^^^^^^^

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest

GitHub dev ^^^^^^^^^^

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/dev

Examples

https://github.com/secynic/ipwhois/tree/master/ipwhois/examples

Github

https://github.com/secynic/ipwhois

Pypi

https://pypi.org/project/ipwhois

Changes

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/CHANGES.html

Upgrade Notes

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/UPGRADING.html

Dependencies

Python 2.7::

dnspython
ipaddr
defusedxml

Python 3.4+::

dnspython
defusedxml

Installing

Latest release from PyPi::

pip install --upgrade ipwhois

GitHub - Stable::

pip install -e git+https://github.com/secynic/ipwhois@master#egg=ipwhois

GitHub - Dev::

pip install -e git+https://github.com/secynic/ipwhois@dev#egg=ipwhois

Firewall Ports

ipwhois needs some outbound firewall ports opened from your host/server.

:ASN (DNS): 53/tcp :ASN (Whois): 43/tcp :ASN (HTTP): 80/tcp

443/tcp (Pending)

:RDAP (HTTP): 80/tcp

443/tcp (Pending)

:NIR (HTTP): 80/tcp

443/tcp (KRNIC)

:Legacy Whois: 43/tcp :Get Host: 43/tcp

API

IPWhois (main class)

ipwhois.IPWhois is the base class for wrapping RDAP and Legacy Whois lookups. Instantiate this object, then call one of the lookup functions:

RDAP (HTTP) - IPWhois.lookup_rdap() <#rdap-http>_ OR Legacy Whois - IPWhois.lookup_whois() <#legacy-whois>_

Input ^^^^^

+--------------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ | Key |Type| Description | +--------------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ | address | str | An IPv4 or IPv6 address as a string, integer, | | | | IPv4Address, or IPv6Address. | +--------------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ | timeout | int | The default timeout for socket connections | | | | in seconds. Defaults to 5. | +--------------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ | proxy_opener | object | The urllib.request.OpenerDirector request for | | | | proxy support or None. | +--------------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+

RDAP (HTTP)

IPWhois.lookup_rdap() is the recommended lookup method. RDAP provides a far better data structure than legacy whois and REST lookups (previous implementation). RDAP queries allow for parsing of contact information and details for users, organizations, and groups. RDAP also provides more detailed network information.

RDAP documentation:

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/RDAP.html

Legacy Whois

.. note::

Legacy Whois output is different from RDAP. See the below JSON outputs for
a comparison:

Legacy Whois:
https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/WHOIS.html#basic-usage

RDAP:
https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/RDAP.html#basic-usage

Legacy Whois documentation:

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/WHOIS.html

National Internet Registries

This library now supports NIR lookups for JPNIC and KRNIC. Previously, Whois and RDAP data for Japan and South Korea was restricted. NIR lookups scrape these national registries directly for the data restricted from regional internet registries. NIR queries are enabled by default via the inc_nir argument in the IPWhois.lookup_*() functions.

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/NIR.html

Autonomous System Numbers

This library now supports ASN origin lookups via Whois and HTTP.

IP ASN functionality was moved to its own parser API (IPASN).

There is no CLI for these yet.

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ASN.html

Utilities

Utilities documentation:

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/UTILS.html

Scripts

CLI documentation:

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/CLI.html

Experimental Functions

.. caution::

Functions in experimental.py contain new functionality that has not yet
been widely tested. Bulk lookup support contained here can result in
significant system/network resource utilization. Additionally, abuse of
this functionality may get you banned by the various services queried by
this library. Use at your own discretion.

Experimental functions documentation:

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/EXPERIMENTAL.html

Contributing

https://ipwhois.readthedocs.io/en/latest/CONTRIBUTING.html

IP Reputation Support

This feature is under consideration. Take a look at TekDefense's Automater:

TekDefense-Automater <https://github.com/1aN0rmus/TekDefense-Automater>_

Domain Support

There are no plans for domain whois support in this project.

Look at Sven Slootweg's python-whois <https://github.com/joepie91/python-whois>_ for a library with domain support.

Special Thanks

Thank you JetBrains for the PyCharm <https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/>_ open source support!

Thank you Chris Wells (@cdubz <https://github.com/cdubz>_) for your extensive testing on the experimental functions!

Last but not least, thank you to all the issue submitters and contributors.

Changelog

1.3.0 (2024-10-15)

• Fixed deprecated query method of dnspython (#294 - monoidic)
• Upgrade dnspython (#303)
• Added requirement for defusedxml for security (#306)
• Added support for Python up to 3.12
• Remove reserved IANA 198.97.38.0/24 (#315)
• Fix for ASN queries against RADB for RIPE source (#317)
• Temporary (move to config later) hardcoding of user agent for ASN origin lookup to avoid 403
• Updated to HTTPS where applicable (#307)
• Updated ARIN bootstrap URL (#300)
• Close sockets on exception to avoid warnings
• Move tests from assertEquals to assertEqual
• Fix for local domain searches with ASN (#324)
• Added get_recursive argument (-r) for IPWhois.lookup_whois() and ipwhois.net.Net.get_whois() (#295)

1.2.0 (2020-09-17)

• Removed deprecated functions: asn.IPASN._parse_fields_http, asn.IPASN._parse_fields_dns, asn.IPASN._parse_fields_whois, asn.ASNOrigin._parse_fields, asn.ASNOrigin._get_nets_radb, net.Net.lookup_asn, whois.Whois._parse_fields, whois.Whois._get_nets_arin whois.Whois._get_nets_lacnic, whois.Whois._get_nets_other, nir.NIRWhois._parse_fields, nir.NIRWhois._get_nets_jpnic nir.NIRWhois._get_nets_krnic, nir.NIRWhois._get_contact (#230)
• Removed deprecated asn_alts parameter (#230)
• Removed deprecated allow_permutations parameter (#230)
• Fixed ASNOrigin lookups (#216)
• Fixed bug in ASNOrigin lookups when multiple asn_methods provided (#216)
• Fixed bug in KRNIC queries due to a change in their service (#243)
• Fixed bug in experimental.bulk_lookup_rdap where only the last result was returned (#262 - ameidatou)
• Fixed deprecation warnings due to invalid escape sequences (#272 - tirkarthi)
• Fixed bug in root and sub-entities not getting queried/data (#247)
• Fixed NIR datetime parsing issue if only date is returned (#284)
• Added new argument root_ent_check to IPWhois.lookup_rdap and RDAP.lookup. Set this to False to revert to old functionality - missing data, but less queries (#247)
• Added support for Python 3.8 (#267)
• Fixed travis build warnings (#268)
• Pinned requirements (#274)
• Added ip_failed_total key to stats dictionary in experimental.bulk_lookup_rdap (#235)
• Added ipv4_generate_random and ipv6_generate_random to utils CLI (#236)
• Added documentation note for ASN data (#278)

1.1.0 (2019-02-01)

• Exceptions now inherit a new BaseIpwhoisException rather than Exception (#205 - Darkheir)
• Fixed list output for generate_examples.py (#196)
• Fixed bug in ASN HTTP lookup where the ARIN results were reversed, and parsing would fail on the first item (#220)
• Removed support for Python 2.6/3.3, added support for 3.7 (#221)
• Fixed deprecation warnings in core code (#203 - cstranex)
• Fixed bug in host argument for elastic_search.py example (#202)
• Set user agent in elastic_search.py example to avoid default user agent
• Updated elastic_search.py example for ES 6.6.0
• Readme update for RDAP vs Legacy Whois output (#204)
• Removed the disallow_permutations argument from ipwhois_cli.py (#226)

1.0.0 (2017-07-30)

• Deprecated asn_alts, allow_permutations in favor of new asn_methods (#158)
• Added new exception ASNOriginLookupError (#158)
• KRNIC lookups changed to HTTPS (#166)
• Added experimental functions - get_bulk_asn_whois, bulk_lookup_rdap (#134)
• Fixed bug in NIR lookups that caused addresses with multi-line contacts to error (#172 - kwheeles)
• Added IANA Reserved CIDR 198.97.38.0/24 to ipv4_is_defined (#174)
• Fixed bug in RDAP notices/remarks parsing that would omit partial entries missing one or more of title, description, links (#176)
• Added new return key asn_description via verbose ASN DNS lookup support and modified ASN whois lookups. New argument get_asn_description (#176)
• Fixed some test function naming errors
• Added new generators to utils.py: ipv4_generate_random and ipv6_generate_random (#183)
• Moved upgrade notes to new UPGRADING.rst
• Deprecated unnecessary protected class functions, changed to public in asn.py, nir.py, and whois.py (#184)
• net.Net.get_host(), utils.ipv4_is_defined(), and utils.ipv6_is_defined now return namedtuple instead of tuple.
• Changed docstrings to Google standard for better napoleon parsing (#185)
• Removed deprecated IPWhois.lookup() - This was moved to IPWhois.lookup_whois()
• Fixed 'nets'->'range' bug for legacy whois CIDR net_range values (#188)
• Fixed a bug in IPASN/Net that caused the ASN result to vary if Cymru has more than one ASN listed for an IP (#190)
• Updated ElasticSearch example for ES v5.5.1 (#138)

0.15.1 (2017-02-16)

• Fixed IPv6 parsing for ASN origin lookups and added tests (#162 - ti-mo)
• Fixed recursive role parsing at depths greater than 0 (#161 - cdubz)

0.15.0 (2017-02-02)

• Python 3.3+ dnspython3 requirement changed to dnspython (#155)
• Added ASN origin lookup support (#149)
• Moved ASN parsing from net.Net.get_asn_*() to new class asn.IPASN. The original functions now return the raw query (#157)
• net.Net.lookup_asn() is deprecated in favor of asn.IPASN.lookup() (#157)
• Added new exception ASNParseError (#157)
• Fixed rate-limiting exception handling for when HTTP errors are returned rather than JSON errors (rikonor - #144)
• Fixed rate-limit infinite recursion bug for legacy whois (rikonor - #144)
• Fixed bug in net.Net.get_http_raw() that would pass the encoded form_data on retry rather than the original argument.
• Removed nose requirements and fixed travis.yml for updated pip
• Documentation updates
• Code style tweaks
• Updated tests and version info for Python 3.6
• Added basic stress tests (#144)
• Minor tweaks to existing tests

0.14.0 (2016-08-29)

• Changed legacy whois emails output type to list (#133)
• Fixed retry count non-decrementing infinite loop in ipwhois.net.Net.get_whois() (issue #125 - krader1961)
• Added new function ipwhois.net.Net.get_http_raw() and tests (#67)
• Added National Internet Registry (JPNIC, KRNIC) support (#67). Enabled by default in IPWhois.lookup_*(). Disable by passing inc_nir=False. Optionally, lower level code can call nir.NIRWhois(). This enhancement results in extra network queries, but more detailed information for NIRs.
• Added utils CLI (ipwhois_utils_cli.py) - #121. Installed to your environments Scripts dir. This is a wrapper for utils.py.
• Documentation improvements (#123)
• kw arg readability (#115)
• Replaced usage of args with script_args in ipwhois_cli.py
• Minor optimization in whois.py and online/test_whois.py
• Added coveralls integration and re-enabled online tests with Travis CI
• Added Read the Docs support (#132)
• Added documentation (Sphinx) requirements.txt (#132)
• Fixed test imports
• Added --json argument (output in JSON format) to ipwhois_cli.py (#135)

0.13.0 (2016-04-18)

• Added events_actor parsing for RDAP results.
• Added example for caching data via Redis (#81)
• Added normalization (human-readable field information) in hr.py (#47)
• README word wrap fix (#102)
• Fixed bug in exception handling for ASN HTTP lookups.
• Fixed bug in IPWhois.lookup_rdap() that caused ASN HTTP lookup responses to be used in place of RDAP responses.
• Added new function Net.get_asn_http() and migrated code from Net.lookup_asn() + new tests.
• Fixed bug in ASN HTTP fallback lookups for DNIC (#108).
• Added new parameter extra_org_map in Net.get_asn_http(), Net.lookup_asn(), and IPWhois.lookup*() (#108).
• Fixed _RDAPCommon.summarize_notices() None check - changed len() to all().
• Added CLI (ipwhois_cli.py) - #46. Installed to your environments Scripts dir. This is a wrapper for ipwhois.py (IPWhois). Utils CLI will be in a future release (#121).
• Documentation split up and added more detail (#81).

0.12.0 (2016-03-28)

• Added headers parameter to ipwhois.Net.get_http_json() (issue #98).
• Fixed ASN HTTP lookup (fallback) Accept headers (issue #98).
• Fixed HTTP decoding, set to utf-8 (italomaia - issue #97)
• IPWhois.lookup() deprecated (issue #96), and will be removed in a future release (TBD). Use IPWhois.lookup_whois() instead.
• Added rate_limit_timeout parameter (issue #99) to Net.get_http_json(), IPWhois.lookup_rdap(), and RDAP.lookup(). New exception HTTPRateLimitError.
• Added new parameter asn_alts to Net.lookup_asn(), IPWhois.lookup_rdap() and IPWhois.lookup(). Takes a list of lookup types to attempt if the ASN dns lookup fails. Allow permutations must be enabled. Defaults to all ['whois', 'http'] (issue #93).
• Fixed socket exception handling in Net.get_http_json() for Python 2.6.
• Fixed assertIsInstance for Python 2.6 tests (issue #100). Implemented unittest._formatMessage and unittest.util.safe_repr for Python 2.6.
• Moved TestCommon to tests\init.py to avoid duplicate code.
• Replaced remaining % with str.format (issue #95).

0.11.2 (2016-02-25)

• Added allow_permutations parameter (bool) to net.Net() and ipwhois.IPWhois() to allow alternate ASN lookups if DNS lookups fail. (FirefighterBlu3)
• Fixed ASN DNS resolver timeout/retry_count support. Retry count is used as a multiplier of timeout, to determine a limetime interval. (FirefighterBlu3)
• Fixed bug where remarks would return None if missing a title.
• Added CONTRIBUTING.rst
• Added tests

0.11.1 (2015-12-17)

• Re-added CIDR calculation for RDAP lookups.
• Improved tests - core code coverage now 100%. See '# pragma: no cover' for exclusions. A few bugs were identified in the process, detailed below.
• Moved IP zero stripping from rdap._RDAPNetwork.parse() to new helper function utils.ipv4_lstrip_zeros().
• Moved CIDR calculation from rdap._RDAPNetwork.parse() to new helper function utils.calculate_cidr().
• Fixed utils.ipv4_is_defined() if statement ordering for RFC 1918 conflict.
• Fixed utils.ipv6_is_defined() if statement ordering for Unspecified and Loopback (conflict with Reserved).
• Added is_offline parameter to whois.Whois.lookup() primarily for testing.
• Fixed bug in whois.Whois._parse_fields() that attempted to parse 'val2' of regex, which is no longer used. Also fixed the expected Exception to be IndexError.
• Fixed bug in ipwhois.IPWhois.lookup() where the argument order was mixed up, causing referral lookups to be skipped when get_referral=True.
• Fixed bug in rdap._RDAPCommon.summarize_notices() output for links.
• Fixed bug in root entity iteration exception handling in rdap.RDAP.lookup().

0.11.0 (2015-11-02)

• Support for REST lookups replaced with RDAP.
• Split code for a more structured system (net, whois, rdap, exceptions).
• Tests match the data new structure.
• Split tests for online and offline testing.
• Performance enhancements for parsing.
• Added an optional bootstrap parameter for RDAP lookups, in order to replace ASN lookups or use both. Will default to False. Afrinic is currently not supported, so I would not use this for now. ARIN acknowledged my issue for this, and will be adding support back in for Afrinic bootstrap.
• Added field_list parameter (inclusion list) for WHOIS lookups.
• Added logging.
• Added examples directory.

0.10.3 (2015-08-14)

• Fixed LACNIC lookup_rws() queries, since they switched to RDAP. This is temporary to get it working until the major library transition to RDAP and new parsed formatting is complete.

0.10.2 (2015-05-19)

• Fixed APNIC parsing for updated field.
• Fixed datetime parsing and validation when Zulu (Z) is appended.
• Added RIPE parsing for created and updated fields (whois and RWS).
• Removed unnecessary parentheses in IPWhois class declaration.
• Some documentation and comment tweaking to work with Sphinx.
• Minor PEP 8 tweaks.

0.10.1 (2015-02-09)

• Fixed setup.py bug.

0.10.0 (2015-02-09)

• Added .csv support for country code source. You can no longer download country code information from iso.org.
• Added support for IPv4Address or IPv6Address as the address arg in IPWhois.
• Fixed file open encoding bug. Moved from open to io.open.
• Fixed parameter in IPWhois ip defined checks.
• Fixed TestIPWhois.test_ip_invalid() assertions.