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Basic immutable container types for Python.
A simple implementation that's designed for simplicity over performance.
Use these in circumstances where it may result in more comprehensible code, or when you want to create custom types with restricted, immutable interfaces.
For an alternative implementation designed for performance, please see pyrsistent.
Install using pip
:
pip install itypes
>>> import itypes
>>> d = itypes.Dict({'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3})
>>> l = itypes.List(['a', 'b', 'c'])
>>> d = itypes.Dict({'a': 123, 'b': ['a', 'b', 'c']})
>>> d['b']
List(['a', 'b', 'c'])
Methods: set(key, value)
, delete(key)
>>> d2 = d.set('c', 456)
>>> d2
Dict({'a': 123, 'b': ['a', 'b', 'c'], 'c': 456})
>>> d3 = d2.delete('a')
>>> d3
Dict({'b': ['a', 'b', 'c'], 'c': 456})
>>> d['z'] = 123
TypeError: 'Dict' object doesn't support item assignment
>>> del(d['c'])
TypeError: 'Dict' object doesn't support item deletion
Method: get_in(keys, default=None)
>>> d['b'][-1]
'c'
>>> d['b'][5]
IndexError: list index out of range
>>> d.get_in(['b', -1])
'c'
>>> d.get_in(['b', 5])
None
Methods: set_in(keys, value)
, delete_in(keys)
>>> d2 = d.set_in(['b', 1], 'xxx')
>>> d2
Dict({'a': 123, 'b': ['a', 'xxx', 'c']})
>>> d3 = d2.delete_in(['b', 0])
>>> d3
Dict({'a': 123, 'b': ['xxx', 'c']})
>>> d = itypes.Dict({'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3})
>>> d == {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
True
>>> hash(d)
277752239
Functions: to_mutable(instance)
, to_immutable(value)
>>> value = itypes.to_mutable(d)
>>> value
{'a': 123, 'b': ['a', 'b', 'c']}
>>> itypes.to_immutable(value)
Dict({'a': 123, 'b': ['a', 'b', 'c']})
Only private attribute names may be set on instances. Use @property
for attribute access.
Define a .clone(self, data)
method if objects have additional state.
Example:
class Configuration(itypes.Dict):
def __init__(self, title, *args, **kwargs):
self._title = title
super(Configuration, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
@property
def title(self):
return self._title
def clone(self, data):
return Configuration(self._title, data)
Using the custom class:
>>> config = Configuration('worker-process', {'hostname': 'example.com', 'dynos': 4})
>>> config.title
'worker-process'
>>> new = config.set('dynos', 2)
>>> new
Configuration({'dynos': 2, 'hostname': 'example.com'})
>>> new.title
'worker-process'
Subclass itypes.Object
for an object that prevents setting public attributes.
>>> class Custom(itypes.Object):
... pass
Only private attribute names may be set on instances. Use @property
for attribute access.
>>> class Document(itypes.Object):
... def __init__(self, title, content):
... self._title = title
... self._content = title
... @property
... def title(self):
... return self._title
... @property
... def content(self):
... return self._content
Using immutable objects:
>>> doc = Document(title='Immutability', content='For simplicity')
>>> doc.title
'Immutability'
>>> doc.title = 'Changed'
TypeError: 'Document' object doesn't support property assignment.
FAQs
Simple immutable types for python.
We found that itypes demonstrated a healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released less than a year ago. It has 2 open source maintainers collaborating on the project.
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