passagemath-graphs

======================================================================================================================================================= passagemath: Graphs, posets, hypergraphs, designs, abstract complexes, combinatorial polyhedra, abelian sandpiles, quivers

passagemath <https://github.com/passagemath/passagemath>__ is open source mathematical software in Python, released under the GNU General Public Licence GPLv2+.

It is a fork of SageMath <https://www.sagemath.org/>__, which has been developed 2005-2025 under the motto “Creating a Viable Open Source Alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB”.

The passagemath fork uses the motto "Creating a Free Passage Between the Scientific Python Ecosystem and Mathematical Software Communities." It was created in October 2024 with the following goals:

• providing modularized installation with pip,
• establishing first-class membership in the scientific Python ecosystem,
• giving clear attribution of upstream projects <https://groups.google.com/g/sage-devel/c/6HO1HEtL1Fs/m/G002rPGpAAAJ>__,
• providing independently usable Python interfaces to upstream libraries,
• offering platform portability and integration testing services <https://github.com/passagemath/passagemath/issues/704>__ to upstream projects,
• inviting collaborations with upstream projects,
• building a professional, respectful, inclusive community <https://groups.google.com/g/sage-devel/c/xBzaINHWwUQ>__,
• empowering Sage users to participate in the scientific Python ecosystem <https://github.com/passagemath/passagemath/issues/248>__ by publishing packages,
• developing a port to Pyodide <https://pyodide.org/en/stable/>__ for serverless deployment with Javascript,
• developing a native Windows port.

Full documentation <https://passagemath.org/docs/latest/html/en/index.html>__ is available online.

passagemath attempts to support and provides binary wheels suitable for all major Linux distributions and recent versions of macOS.

Binary wheels for native Windows (x86_64) are are available for a subset of the passagemath distributions. Use of the full functionality of passagemath on Windows currently requires the use of Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) or virtualization.

The supported Python versions in the passagemath 10.6.x series are 3.10.x-3.14.x.

About this pip-installable distribution package

This pip-installable package passagemath-graphs is a distribution of a part of the Sage Library. It provides a small subset of the modules of the Sage library ("sagelib", passagemath-standard) for computations with graphs, posets, complexes, etc.

It consists of over 170 first-party Python and Cython modules and uses the Boost Graph Library <https://github.com/boostorg/graph>, with additional functionality from NetworkX <https://networkx.github.io/> and several other libraries.

What is included

• Graph Theory <https://passagemath.org/docs/latest/html/en/reference/graphs/index.html>_

• Trees <https://passagemath.org/docs/latest/html/en/reference/combinat/sage/combinat/enumerated_sets.html#trees>_

• Posets <https://passagemath.org/docs/latest/html/en/reference/combinat/sage/combinat/posets/all.html>_

• Abstract Complexes <https://passagemath.org/docs/latest/html/en/reference/topology/index.html>_

• Combinatorial Designs and Incidence Structure <https://passagemath.org/docs/latest/html/en/reference/combinat/sage/combinat/designs/all.html>_

• Finite State Machines, Automata, Transducers <https://passagemath.org/docs/latest/html/en/reference/combinat/sage/combinat/finite_state_machine.html>_

• Cluster Algebras and Quivers <https://passagemath.org/docs/latest/html/en/reference/combinat/sage/combinat/cluster_algebra_quiver/all.html>_

• Knot Theory <https://passagemath.org/docs/latest/html/en/reference/knots/index.html>_

• Sandpiles <https://passagemath.org/docs/latest/html/en/reference/dynamics/sage/sandpiles/sandpile.html>_

• see https://github.com/passagemath/passagemath/blob/main/pkgs/sagemath-graphs/MANIFEST.in

Examples

A quick way to try it out interactively::

$ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-graphs[test]" ipython
In [1]: from passagemath_graphs import *

In [6]: g = Graph([(1, 3), (3, 8), (5, 2)]); g
Out[6]: Graph on 5 vertices

In [7]: g.is_connected()
Out[7]: False

Available as extras, from other distributions

Libraries

``pip install passagemath-graphs[benzene,buckygen,plantri]`` additionally make
various graph generators available via `passagemath-benzene <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-benzene/>`_, `passagemath-buckygen <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-buckygen/>`_, and `passagemath-plantri <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-plantri/>`_.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[bliss]`` additionally installs `passagemath-bliss <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-bliss/>`_ for the purpose
of computing graph (iso/auto)morphisms.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[cliquer]`` additionally installs `passagemath-cliquer <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-cliquer/>`_

``pip install passagemath-graphs[cmr]`` additionally installs `passagemath-cmr <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-cmr/>`_ for recognition and decomposition algorithms
for network matrices, totally unimodular matrices and regular matroids, series-parallel matroids, etc.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[gap]`` additionally installs `passagemath-gap <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-gap/>`_ for group-theoretic functionality.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[igraph]`` additionally installs
`igraph <https://python.igraph.org/en/stable/>`_::

    $ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-graphs[igraph,test]" ipython
    In [1]: from passagemath_graphs import *

    In [2]: ## Example depending on igraph goes here

``pip install passagemath-graphs[mcqd]`` additionally installs `passagemath-mcqd <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-mcqd/>`_

``pip install passagemath-graphs[nauty]`` additionally installs `passagemath-nauty <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-nauty/>`_ for computing
automorphism groups of graphs and digraphs.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[networkx]`` additionally installs
`NetworkX <https://networkx.github.io>`__::

    $ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-graphs[networkx,test]" ipython
    In [1]: from passagemath_graphs import *

    In [2]: ## Example depending on networkx goes here

``pip install passagemath-graphs[pari]`` additionally installs `passagemath-pari <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-pari/>`_

``pip install passagemath-graphs[planarity]`` additionally installs `passagemath-planarity <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-planarity/>`_ for planarity testing.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[rankwidth]`` additionally installs `passagemath-rankwidth <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-rankwidth/>`_ for rank width and rank decompositions.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[tdlib]`` additionally installs `passagemath-tdlib <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-tdlib/>`_ for computing tree decompositions.


Features
~~~~~~~~

``pip install passagemath-graphs[combinat]`` additionally installs `passagemath-combinat <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-combinat/>`_

``pip install passagemath-graphs[editor]`` additionally installs the interactive graph editor `phitigra <https://pypi.org/project/phitigra/>`_.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[groups]`` additionally makes group-theoretic features
available via `passagemath-gap <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-gap/>`_, `passagemath-groups <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-groups/>`_, and `passagemath-nauty <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-nauty/>`_::

    $ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-graphs[groups,test]" ipython
    In [1]: from passagemath_graphs import *

    In [2]: g = Graph({
                0: [1, 2],
                1: [0, 2],
                2: [0, 1, 3],
                3: [2]
            })

    In [3]: aut = g.automorphism_group()

    In [4]: print(aut.order())

``pip install passagemath-graphs[homology]`` provides homological computations for abstract complexes via `passagemath-modules <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-modules/>`_.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[mip]`` additionally makes the mixed-integer programming
solver GLPK available via `passagemath-glpk <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-glpk/>`_ and `passagemath-polyhedra <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-polyhedra/>`_ (see there for other available solvers).::

    $ pipx run --pip-args="--prefer-binary" --spec "passagemath-graphs[mip,test]" ipython
    In [1]: from passagemath_graphs import *

    In [2]: ## Example depending on MIP goes here

``pip install passagemath-graphs[modules]`` additionally makes linear algebra features available via `passagemath-modules <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-modules/>`_.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[plot]`` additionally installs `passagemath-plot <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-plot/>`_.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[polyhedra]`` additionally installs `passagemath-polyhedra <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-polyhedra/>`_.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[sat]`` additionally provides SAT features via `passagemath-combinat <https://pypi.org/project/passagemath-combinat/>`_.

``pip install passagemath-graphs[standard]`` installs all libraries and features related to graphs that
are available in a standard installation of Sage.


Development
-----------

::

    $ git clone --origin passagemath https://github.com/passagemath/passagemath.git
    $ cd passagemath
    passagemath $ ./bootstrap
    passagemath $ python3 -m venv graphs-venv
    passagemath $ source graphs-venv/bin/activate
    (graphs-venv) passagemath $ pip install -v -e pkgs/sagemath-graphs