active_record_encryption

ActiveRecordEncryption

Provides transparent encryption attribute for ActiveRecord. You can easily encrypt and decrypt sensitive data.

This implementation is based on ActiveRecord's Attribute-API, and it is very simple and powerful.

Usage

Add definition of the encrypted attribute in your application.

# app/models/post.rb
class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
  encrypted_attribute(:name, :string)
end

That's all. This column is already enabled for transparent encryption.

post = Post.create!(name: 'Baker')
post.name #=> "Baker"
post.name_before_type_cast #=> "ZS~\xAB\x8C\xD1\xCA\u0016\xA8\x80f@\xE8s\xB7J/\xA9\xEC/\xBDj\xDE6(Y\u007F\u0016<W\u0011\x96"

Options

You can set encryption as default.

# config/initializers/active_record_encryption.rb
ActiveRecordEncryption.default_encryption = {
  encryptor: :active_support,
  key: ENV['ENCRYPTION_KEY'],
  salt: ENV['ENCRYPTION_SALT']
}

encrypted_attribute

.encrypted_attribute() wrapped on .attribute method. and you can pass the same arguments as ActiveRecord::Attributes.attribute

class PointLog < ActiveRecord::Base
  encrypted_attribute(:date, :date)
  encrypted_attribute(:point, :integer, default: -> { Current.user.current_point })
  encrypted_attribute(:price, Money.new)
  encrypted_attribute(:serialized_address, :string)

  # Change encryptor
  encrypted_attribute(:name, :field, encryption: { encryptor: :active_support, key: ENV['ENCRYPTION_KEY'], salt: ENV['ENCRYPTION_SALT'] })
end

Supported Available Encryptors

There are four supported encryptors: :active_support, :aes_256_cbc.

• :active_support
  • Encryption is performed using ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor
  • Example
    • encrypted_attribute(:field, :type, encryption: { encryptor: :active_support, key: SecureRandom.hex(64), salt: SecureRandom.hex(64) })
• :aes_256_cbc
  • Encryption is performed using OpenSSL::Cipher.new('AES-256-CBC')
  • Example
    • encrypted_attribute(:field, :type, encryption: { encryptor: :aes_256_cbc, key: SecureRandom.hex(64) })

Customize encryptor

You can easilly add your encryptor.

class YourEncryptor < ActiveRecordEncryption::Encryptor::Base
  def initialize(key:)
    @key = key
  end

  def encrypt(value)
    # An encrypt method that returns the encrypted string
  end

  def decrypt(value)
    # A decrypt method that returns the plaintext
  end
end

ActiveRecordEncryption.default_encryption = {
  encryptor: YourEncryptor,
  key: ENV['ENCRYPTION_KEY']
}

Secret key/salt

For encryptors requiring secret keys, you can generate them. These values should be stored outside of your application repository for added security.

ruby -e "require 'securerandom'; puts SecureRandom.hex(64)"`

Migration

Create or modify the table that your model like the following:

NOTE: Default limit of ActiveRecord's binary column is too long. Please set limit(< 0xfff) for encrypted columns.

ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
  create_table(:posts) do |t|
    t.binary :name, limit: 1000
  end
end

Run spec

bundle exec appraisal install
bundle exec appraisal 6.1-stable rspec
bundle exec appraisal 7.0-stable rspec

Contributing

Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/alpaca-tc/active_record_encryption. This project is intended to be a safe, welcoming space for collaboration, and contributors are expected to adhere to the Contributor Covenant code of conduct.

License

The gem is available as open source under the terms of the MIT License.

Code of Conduct

Everyone interacting in the ActiveRecord::Encryption project’s codebases, issue trackers, chat rooms and mailing lists is expected to follow the code of conduct.