@truffle/hdwallet-provider

@truffle/hdwallet-provider

HD Wallet-enabled Web3 provider. Use it to sign transactions for addresses derived from a 12 or 24 word mnemonic.

Install

$ npm install @truffle/hdwallet-provider

Requirements

Node >= 12 
Web3 ^1.2.0

General Usage

You can use this provider wherever a Web3 provider is needed, not just in Truffle. For Truffle-specific usage, see next section.

By default, the HDWalletProvider will use the address of the first address that's generated from the mnemonic. If you pass in a specific index, it'll use that address instead.

Instantiation

You can instantiate hdwallet-provider with options passed in an object with named keys. You can specify the following options in your object:

Parameters:

Parameter	Type	Default	Required	Description
mnemonic	object|string	null	[ ]	Object containing phrase and password (optional) properties. phrase is a 12 word mnemonic string which addresses are created from. Alternately the value for mnemonic can be a string with your mnemonic phrase.
privateKeys	string[]	null	[ ]	Array containing 1 or more private keys.
providerOrUrl	string|object	null	[x]	URI or Ethereum client to send all other non-transaction-related Web3 requests
addressIndex	number	0	[ ]	If specified, will tell the provider to manage the address at the index specified
numberOfAddresses	number	1	[ ]	If specified, will create numberOfAddresses addresses when instantiated
shareNonce	boolean	true	[ ]	If false, a new WalletProvider will track its own nonce-state
derivationPath	string	"m/44'/60'/0'/0/"	[ ]	If specified, will tell the wallet engine what derivation path should use to derive addresses.
pollingInterval	number	4000	[ ]	If specified, will tell the wallet engine to use a custom interval when polling to track blocks. Specified in milliseconds.
chainId	number|string	undefined	[ ]	Specify to enable signed transactions that are EIP-155 compliant for major chains.

Some examples can be found below:

const HDWalletProvider = require("@truffle/hdwallet-provider");
const Web3 = require("web3");
const mnemonicPhrase = "mountains supernatural bird..."; // 12 word mnemonic
let provider = new HDWalletProvider({
  mnemonic: {
    phrase: mnemonicPhrase
  },
  providerOrUrl: "http://localhost:8545"
});

// Or, alternatively pass in a zero-based address index.
provider = new HDWalletProvider({
  mnemonic: mnemonicPhrase,
  providerOrUrl: "http://localhost:8545",
  addressIndex: 5
});

// Or, use your own hierarchical derivation path
provider = new HDWalletProvider({
  mnemonic: mnemonicPhrase,
  providerOrUrl: "http://localhost:8545",
  numberOfAddresses: 1,
  shareNonce: true,
  derivationPath: "m/44'/137'/0'/0/"
});

// To make HDWallet less "chatty" over JSON-RPC,
// configure a higher value for the polling interval.
provider = new HDWalletProvider({
  mnemonic: {
    phrase: mnemonicPhrase
  },
  providerOrUrl: "http://localhost:8545",
  pollingInterval: 8000
});

// HDWalletProvider is compatible with Web3. Use it at Web3 constructor, just like any other Web3 Provider
const web3 = new Web3(provider);

// Or, if web3 is alreay initialized, you can call the 'setProvider' on web3, web3.eth, web3.shh and/or web3.bzz
web3.setProvider(provider)

// ...
// Write your code here.
// ...

// At termination, `provider.engine.stop()' should be called to finish the process elegantly.
provider.engine.stop();

Note: If both mnemonic and private keys are provided, the mnemonic is used.

Using the legacy interface (deprecated)

The legacy interface is deprecated and it is recommended to pass options in an object as detailed above. The following method of passing options is here primarily to document the interface thoroughly and avoid confusion.

You can specify the following options in the order below. Pass undefined if you want to omit a parameter.

Parameters:

Parameter	Type	Default	Required	Description
mnemonic/privateKeys	string/string[]	null	[x]	12 word mnemonic which addresses are created from or array of private keys.
providerOrUrl	string|object	null	[x]	URI or Ethereum client to send all other non-transaction-related Web3 requests
addressIndex	number	0	[ ]	If specified, will tell the provider to manage the address at the index specified
numberOfAddresses	number	1	[ ]	If specified, will create numberOfAddresses addresses when instantiated
shareNonce	boolean	true	[ ]	If false, a new WalletProvider will track its own nonce-state
derivationPath	string	"m/44'/60'/0'/0/"	[ ]	If specified, will tell the wallet engine what derivation path should use to derive addresses.
chainId	number|string	undefined	[ ]	Specify to enable signed transactions that are EIP-155 compliant for major chains.

Instead of a mnemonic, you can alternatively provide a private key or array of private keys as the first parameter. When providing an array, addressIndex and numberOfAddresses are fully supported.

const HDWalletProvider = require("@truffle/hdwallet-provider");
//load single private key as string
let provider = new HDWalletProvider("3f841bf589fdf83a521e55d51afddc34fa65351161eead24f064855fc29c9580", "http://localhost:8545");

// Or, pass an array of private keys, and optionally use a certain subset of addresses
const privateKeys = [
  "3f841bf589fdf83a521e55d51afddc34fa65351161eead24f064855fc29c9580",
  "9549f39decea7b7504e15572b2c6a72766df0281cea22bd1a3bc87166b1ca290",
];
provider = new HDWalletProvider(privateKeys, "http://localhost:8545", 0, 2); //start at address_index 0 and load both addresses

NOTE: This is just an example. NEVER hard code production/mainnet private keys in your code or commit them to git. They should always be loaded from environment variables or a secure secret management system.

Truffle Usage

You can easily use this within a Truffle configuration. For instance:

truffle-config.js

const HDWalletProvider = require("@truffle/hdwallet-provider");

const mnemonicPhrase = "mountains supernatural bird ...";

module.exports = {
  networks: {
    development: {
      host: "localhost",
      port: 8545,
      network_id: "*" // Match any network id
    },
    ropsten: {
      // must be a thunk, otherwise truffle commands may hang in CI
      provider: () =>
        new HDWalletProvider({
          mnemonic: {
            phrase: mnemonicPhrase
          },
          providerOrUrl: "https://ropsten.infura.io/v3/YOUR-PROJECT-ID",
          numberOfAddresses: 1,
          shareNonce: true,
          derivationPath: "m/44'/1'/0'/0/"
        }),
      network_id: '3',
    }
  }
};