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punycode

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punycode

A robust Punycode converter that fully complies to RFC 3492 and RFC 5891, and works on nearly all JavaScript platforms.


Version published
Maintainers
2
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74,058,642
decreased by-9.46%

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Package description

What is punycode?

The punycode npm package is a robust library for encoding and decoding Unicode with Punycode. It's useful for internationalization and handling Unicode domain names and email addresses.

What are punycode's main functionalities?

Encoding to Punycode

Converts a Unicode string to a Punycode string (ASCII). Mainly used for domain names.

punycode.encode('mañana') // => 'maana-pta'

Decoding from Punycode

Converts a Punycode string (ASCII) back to a Unicode string. Useful for displaying human-readable text.

punycode.decode('maana-pta') // => 'mañana'

Unicode to ASCII conversion for domain names

Converts a Unicode domain name to an ASCII-compatible encoding (ACE) domain name.

punycode.toASCII('español.example.com') // => 'xn--espaol-zwa.example.com'

ASCII to Unicode conversion for domain names

Converts an ASCII-compatible encoding (ACE) domain name back to a Unicode domain name.

punycode.toUnicode('xn--espaol-zwa.example.com') // => 'español.example.com'

Other packages similar to punycode

Readme

Source

Punycode.js punycode on npm

Punycode.js is a robust Punycode converter that fully complies to RFC 3492 and RFC 5891.

This JavaScript library is the result of comparing, optimizing and documenting different open-source implementations of the Punycode algorithm:

This project was bundled with Node.js from v0.6.2+ until v7 (soft-deprecated).

This project provides a CommonJS module that uses ES2015+ features and JavaScript module, which work in modern Node.js versions and browsers. For the old Punycode.js version that offers the same functionality in a UMD build with support for older pre-ES2015 runtimes, including Rhino, Ringo, and Narwhal, see v1.4.1.

Installation

Via npm:

npm install punycode --save

In Node.js:

⚠️ Note that userland modules don't hide core modules. For example, require('punycode') still imports the deprecated core module even if you executed npm install punycode. Use require('punycode/') to import userland modules rather than core modules.

const punycode = require('punycode/');

API

punycode.decode(string)

Converts a Punycode string of ASCII symbols to a string of Unicode symbols.

// decode domain name parts
punycode.decode('maana-pta'); // 'mañana'
punycode.decode('--dqo34k'); // '☃-⌘'

punycode.encode(string)

Converts a string of Unicode symbols to a Punycode string of ASCII symbols.

// encode domain name parts
punycode.encode('mañana'); // 'maana-pta'
punycode.encode('☃-⌘'); // '--dqo34k'

punycode.toUnicode(input)

Converts a Punycode string representing a domain name or an email address to Unicode. Only the Punycoded parts of the input will be converted, i.e. it doesn’t matter if you call it on a string that has already been converted to Unicode.

// decode domain names
punycode.toUnicode('xn--maana-pta.com');
// → 'mañana.com'
punycode.toUnicode('xn----dqo34k.com');
// → '☃-⌘.com'

// decode email addresses
punycode.toUnicode('джумла@xn--p-8sbkgc5ag7bhce.xn--ba-lmcq');
// → 'джумла@джpумлатест.bрфa'

punycode.toASCII(input)

Converts a lowercased Unicode string representing a domain name or an email address to Punycode. Only the non-ASCII parts of the input will be converted, i.e. it doesn’t matter if you call it with a domain that’s already in ASCII.

// encode domain names
punycode.toASCII('mañana.com');
// → 'xn--maana-pta.com'
punycode.toASCII('☃-⌘.com');
// → 'xn----dqo34k.com'

// encode email addresses
punycode.toASCII('джумла@джpумлатест.bрфa');
// → 'джумла@xn--p-8sbkgc5ag7bhce.xn--ba-lmcq'

punycode.ucs2

punycode.ucs2.decode(string)

Creates an array containing the numeric code point values of each Unicode symbol in the string. While JavaScript uses UCS-2 internally, this function will convert a pair of surrogate halves (each of which UCS-2 exposes as separate characters) into a single code point, matching UTF-16.

punycode.ucs2.decode('abc');
// → [0x61, 0x62, 0x63]
// surrogate pair for U+1D306 TETRAGRAM FOR CENTRE:
punycode.ucs2.decode('\uD834\uDF06');
// → [0x1D306]
punycode.ucs2.encode(codePoints)

Creates a string based on an array of numeric code point values.

punycode.ucs2.encode([0x61, 0x62, 0x63]);
// → 'abc'
punycode.ucs2.encode([0x1D306]);
// → '\uD834\uDF06'

punycode.version

A string representing the current Punycode.js version number.

For maintainers

How to publish a new release

  1. On the main branch, bump the version number in package.json:

    npm version patch -m 'Release v%s'
    

    Instead of patch, use minor or major as needed.

    Note that this produces a Git commit + tag.

  2. Push the release commit and tag:

    git push && git push --tags
    

    Our CI then automatically publishes the new release to npm, under both the punycode and punycode.js names.

Author

twitter/mathias
Mathias Bynens

License

Punycode.js is available under the MIT license.

Keywords

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Last updated on 30 Oct 2023

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