react-konva

What is react-konva?

react-konva is a React wrapper for the Konva framework, which is a 2D canvas library for creating complex graphics on the web. It allows developers to use React components to draw shapes, images, and text on the canvas, making it easier to integrate with React applications.

What are react-konva's main functionalities?

Drawing Shapes

This feature allows you to draw basic shapes like rectangles and circles on the canvas. The code sample demonstrates how to create a red rectangle and a green circle using React components.

```jsx
import React from 'react';
import { Stage, Layer, Rect, Circle } from 'react-konva';

const DrawingShapes = () => (
  <Stage width={window.innerWidth} height={window.innerHeight}>
    <Layer>
      <Rect x={20} y={20} width={100} height={100} fill='red' />
      <Circle x={200} y={200} radius={50} fill='green' />
    </Layer>
  </Stage>
);

export default DrawingShapes;
```

Handling Events

This feature allows you to handle user interactions like clicks and drags. The code sample shows how to display an alert when a blue rectangle is clicked.

```jsx
import React from 'react';
import { Stage, Layer, Rect } from 'react-konva';

const HandlingEvents = () => {
  const handleClick = () => {
    alert('Rectangle clicked!');
  };

  return (
    <Stage width={window.innerWidth} height={window.innerHeight}>
      <Layer>
        <Rect x={20} y={20} width={100} height={100} fill='blue' onClick={handleClick} />
      </Layer>
    </Stage>
  );
};

export default HandlingEvents;
```

Animating Shapes

This feature allows you to animate shapes on the canvas. The code sample demonstrates how to animate a purple rectangle moving horizontally across the screen.

```jsx
import React, { useRef, useEffect } from 'react';
import { Stage, Layer, Rect } from 'react-konva';

const AnimatingShapes = () => {
  const rectRef = useRef(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    const anim = new Konva.Animation((frame) => {
      const rect = rectRef.current;
      rect.x((rect.x() + frame.timeDiff * 0.1) % window.innerWidth);
    }, rectRef.current.getLayer());
    anim.start();

    return () => anim.stop();
  }, []);

  return (
    <Stage width={window.innerWidth} height={window.innerHeight}>
      <Layer>
        <Rect ref={rectRef} x={20} y={20} width={100} height={100} fill='purple' />
      </Layer>
    </Stage>
  );
};

export default AnimatingShapes;
```

Other packages similar to react-konva

react-three-fiber

react-three-fiber is a React renderer for Three.js, a popular 3D graphics library. While react-konva focuses on 2D canvas graphics, react-three-fiber is used for creating 3D scenes and objects. It provides a similar React-based approach to managing graphics but in a 3D context.

react-canvas

react-canvas is another library for drawing graphics using React components, but it is more focused on performance and rendering large lists of items efficiently. It is less feature-rich in terms of drawing complex shapes and animations compared to react-konva.

react-svg

react-svg is a library for integrating SVG graphics into React applications. While it also deals with vector graphics, it uses SVG instead of the HTML5 canvas element. It is more suitable for static or less complex graphics compared to the dynamic and interactive capabilities of react-konva.

README

React Konva

React Konva is a JavaScript library for drawing complex canvas graphics using React.

It provides declarative and reactive bindings to the Konva Framework.

OPEN DEMO

An attempt to make React work with the HTML5 canvas library. The goal is to have similar declarative markup as normal React and to have similar data-flow model.

At the current moment, react-konva is not supported in React Native environment.

Currently you can use all Konva components as React components and all Konva events are supported on them in same way as normal browser events are supported.

Installation

npm install react-konva konva --save

Tutorials and Documentation

Example

import React, { useState } from 'react';
import { render } from 'react-dom';
import { Stage, Layer, Rect, Text } from 'react-konva';
import Konva from 'konva';

const ColoredRect = () => {
  const [color, setColor] = useState('green');

  const handleClick = () => {
    setColor(Konva.Util.getRandomColor());
  };

  return (
    <Rect
      x={20}
      y={20}
      width={50}
      height={50}
      fill={color}
      shadowBlur={5}
      onClick={handleClick}
    />
  );
};

const App = () => {
  return (
    <Stage width={window.innerWidth} height={window.innerHeight}>
      <Layer>
        <Text text="Try click on rect" />
        <ColoredRect />
      </Layer>
    </Stage>
  );
};

render(<App />, document.getElementById('root'));

To get more info about Konva you can read Konva Overview.

Actually you don't need to learn react-konva. Just learn Konva framework, you will understand how to use react-konva

Core API

react-konva supports all shapes, that Konva supports with the same names, and also it supports all the same events like click, touchmove, dragend, etc with "on" prefix like onClick, onTouchMove, onDragEnd.

Getting reference to Konva objects

To get reference of Konva instance of a node you can use ref property.

import React, { useEffect, useRef } from 'react';

const MyShape = () => {
  const circleRef = useRef();

  useEffect(() => {
    // log Konva.Circle instance
    console.log(circleRef.current);
  }, []);

  return <Circle ref={circleRef} radius={50} fill="black" />;
};

Strict mode

By default react-konva works in "non-strict" mode. If you changed a property manually (or by user action like drag&drop) properties of the node will be not matched with properties from render(). react-konva updates ONLY properties changed in render().

In strict mode react-konva will update all properties of the nodes to the values that you provided in render() function, no matter changed they or not.

You should decide what mode is better in your actual use case.

To enable strict mode globally you can do this:

import { useStrictMode } from 'react-konva';

useStrictMode(true);

Or you can enable it only for some components:

<Rect width={50} height={50} fill="black" _useStrictMode />

Take a look into this example:

import { Circle } from 'react-konva';
import Konva from 'konva';

const Shape = () => {
  const [color, setColor] = React.useState();

  return (
    <Circle
      x={0}
      y={0}
      draggable
      radius={50}
      fill={color}
      onDragEnd={() => {
        setColor(Konva.Util.getRandomColor());
      }}
    />
  );
};

The circle is draggable and it changes its color on dragend event. In strict mode position of the node will be reset back to {x: 0, y: 0} (as we defined in render). But in non-strict mode the circle will keep its position, because x and y are not changed in render.

Minimal bundle

By default react-konva imports full Konva version. With all the shapes and all filters. To minimize bundle size you can use minimal core version of react-konva:

// load minimal version of 'react-konva`
import { Stage, Layer, Rect } from 'react-konva/lib/ReactKonvaCore';

// minimal version has NO support for core shapes and filters
// if you want import a shape into Konva namespace you can just do this:
import 'konva/lib/shapes/Rect';

Demo: https://codesandbox.io/s/6l97wny44z

Usage with Next.js

Note: react-konva is designed to work in the client-side. On the server side, it will render just empty div. So it doesn't make much sense to use react-konva for server-side rendering. In Next.js you may have issue like

Module not found: Can't resolve 'canvas'

Why do we see this error? canvas module is used for canvas rendering in Node.JS environment. konva library will use it there, but it doesn't have this dependency explicitly.

Use dynamic loading

Next.js docs: https://nextjs.org/docs/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/lazy-loading

With this approach your canvas component will be loaded on the client-side only. So you will not have any issues with server-side rendering. Also next.js will automatically understand that it doesn't need to load canvas module, because it is used for server-side rendering only.

Step 1 - Create canvas component

You need to define your canvas components somewhere in your components folder.

It must be placed outside of pages or app folder (because they are used for server rendering).

Your components/canvas.js file may look like this:

import { Stage, Layer, Circle } from 'react-konva';

function Canvas(props) {
  return (
    <Stage width={window.innerWidth} height={window.innerHeight}>
      <Layer>
        <Circle x={200} y={100} radius={50} fill="green" />
      </Layer>
    </Stage>
  );
}

export default Canvas;

Step 2 - Use dynamic import

Then you can use it in your page. Notice, it is imported to have 'use client';.

'use client';
import dynamic from 'next/dynamic';

const Canvas = dynamic(() => import('../components/canvas'), {
  ssr: false,
});

export default function Page(props) {
  return <Canvas />;
}

Step 3 - Setup next.config.js

In some versions of next.js you may need to set up next.config.js to make it work:

/** @type {import('next').NextConfig} */
const nextConfig = {
  webpack: (config) => {
    config.externals = [...config.externals, { canvas: 'canvas' }]; // required to make Konva & react-konva work
    return config;
  },
};

module.exports = nextConfig;

Usage with React Context

Note: this section may be not relevant, because this issue was fixed in react-konva@18.2.2. So context should work by default.

Due to a known issue with React, Contexts are not accessible by children of the react-konva Stage component. If you need to subscribe to a context from within the Stage, you need to "bridge" the context by creating a Provider as a child of the Stage. For more info, see this discussion and this react-redux demo. Here is an example of bridging the context (live demo):

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import Konva from 'konva';
import { render } from 'react-dom';
import { Stage, Layer, Rect } from 'react-konva';

const ThemeContext = React.createContext('red');

const ThemedRect = () => {
  const value = React.useContext(ThemeContext);
  return (
    <Rect x={20} y={50} width={100} height={100} fill={value} shadowBlur={10} />
  );
};

const Canvas = () => {
  return (
    <ThemeContext.Consumer>
      {(value) => (
        <Stage width={window.innerWidth} height={window.innerHeight}>
          <ThemeContext.Provider value={value}>
            <Layer>
              <ThemedRect />
            </Layer>
          </ThemeContext.Provider>
        </Stage>
      )}
    </ThemeContext.Consumer>
  );
};

class App extends Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <ThemeContext.Provider value="blue">
        <Canvas />
      </ThemeContext.Provider>
    );
  }
}

Comparisons

react-konva vs react-canvas

react-canvas is a completely different react plugin. It allows you to draw DOM-like objects (images, texts) on canvas element in very performant way. It is NOT about drawing graphics, but react-konva is exactly for drawing complex graphics on <canvas> element from React.

react-konva vs react-art

react-art allows you to draw graphics on a page. It also supports SVG for output. But it has no support of events of shapes.

react-konva vs vanilla canvas

Vanilla canvas is faster because when you use react-konva you have two layers of abstractions. Konva framework is on top of canvas and React is on top of Konva. Depending on the use case this approach can be slow. The purpose of react-konva is to reduce the complexity of the application and use well-known declarative way for drawing on canvas.

CHANGELOG

Note: you can find a lot of demos and examples of using Konva there: http://konvajs.github.io/. Really, just go there and take a look what Konva can do for you. You will be able to do the same with react-konva too.