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.. _anytree: https://anytree.readthedocs.io/en/stable/ .. _Documentation: https://anytree.readthedocs.io/en/stable/ .. _PyPI: https://pypi.org/project/anytree .. _GitHub: https://github.com/c0fec0de/anytree .. _Changelog: https://github.com/c0fec0de/anytree/releases .. _Issues: https://github.com/c0fec0de/anytree/issues .. _Contributors: https://github.com/c0fec0de/anytree/graphs/contributors
.. _Node: https://anytree.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api/anytree.node.html#anytree.node.node.Node .. _RenderTree: https://anytree.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api/anytree.render.html#anytree.render.RenderTree .. _UniqueDotExporter: https://anytree.readthedocs.io/en/stable/exporter/dotexporter.html#anytree.exporter.dotexporter.UniqueDotExporter .. _NodeMixin: https://anytree.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api/anytree.node.html#anytree.node.nodemixin.NodeMixin .. _Importers: https://anytree.readthedocs.io/en/stable/importer.html .. _Exporters: https://anytree.readthedocs.io/en/stable/exporter.html
.. _getting_started:
Usage is simple.
Construction
from anytree import Node, RenderTree udo = Node("Udo") marc = Node("Marc", parent=udo) lian = Node("Lian", parent=marc) dan = Node("Dan", parent=udo) jet = Node("Jet", parent=dan) jan = Node("Jan", parent=dan) joe = Node("Joe", parent=dan)
Node
print(udo) Node('/Udo') print(joe) Node('/Udo/Dan/Joe')
Tree
for pre, fill, node in RenderTree(udo): ... print("%s%s" % (pre, node.name)) Udo ├── Marc │ └── Lian └── Dan ├── Jet ├── Jan └── Joe
For details see Node_ and RenderTree_.
Visualization
from anytree.exporter import UniqueDotExporter
graphviz needs to be installed for the next line!
UniqueDotExporter(udo).to_picture("udo.png")
.. image:: https://anytree.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_images/udo.png
The UniqueDotExporter_ can be started at any node and has various formatting hookups:
UniqueDotExporter(dan, ... nodeattrfunc=lambda node: "fixedsize=true, width=1, height=1, shape=diamond", ... edgeattrfunc=lambda parent, child: "style=bold" ... ).to_picture("dan.png")
.. image:: https://anytree.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_images/dan.png
There are various other Importers_ and Exporters_.
Manipulation
A second tree:
mary = Node("Mary") urs = Node("Urs", parent=mary) chris = Node("Chris", parent=mary) marta = Node("Marta", parent=mary) print(RenderTree(mary)) Node('/Mary') ├── Node('/Mary/Urs') ├── Node('/Mary/Chris') └── Node('/Mary/Marta')
Append:
udo.parent = mary print(RenderTree(mary)) Node('/Mary') ├── Node('/Mary/Urs') ├── Node('/Mary/Chris') ├── Node('/Mary/Marta') └── Node('/Mary/Udo') ├── Node('/Mary/Udo/Marc') │ └── Node('/Mary/Udo/Marc/Lian') └── Node('/Mary/Udo/Dan') ├── Node('/Mary/Udo/Dan/Jet') ├── Node('/Mary/Udo/Dan/Jan') └── Node('/Mary/Udo/Dan/Joe')
Subtree rendering:
print(RenderTree(marc)) Node('/Mary/Udo/Marc') └── Node('/Mary/Udo/Marc/Lian')
Cut:
dan.parent = None print(RenderTree(dan)) Node('/Dan') ├── Node('/Dan/Jet') ├── Node('/Dan/Jan') └── Node('/Dan/Joe')
Extending any python class to become a tree node
The entire tree magic is encapsulated by NodeMixin_ add it as base class and the class becomes a tree node:
from anytree import NodeMixin, RenderTree class MyBaseClass(object): # Just an example of a base class ... foo = 4 class MyClass(MyBaseClass, NodeMixin): # Add Node feature ... def init(self, name, length, width, parent=None, children=None): ... super(MyClass, self).init() ... self.name = name ... self.length = length ... self.width = width ... self.parent = parent ... if children: ... self.children = children
Just set the parent attribute to reflect the tree relation:
my0 = MyClass('my0', 0, 0) my1 = MyClass('my1', 1, 0, parent=my0) my2 = MyClass('my2', 0, 2, parent=my0)
for pre, fill, node in RenderTree(my0): ... treestr = u"%s%s" % (pre, node.name) ... print(treestr.ljust(8), node.length, node.width) my0 0 0 ├── my1 1 0 └── my2 0 2
The children can be used likewise:
my0 = MyClass('my0', 0, 0, children=[ ... MyClass('my1', 1, 0), ... MyClass('my2', 0, 2), ... ])
for pre, fill, node in RenderTree(my0): ... treestr = u"%s%s" % (pre, node.name) ... print(treestr.ljust(8), node.length, node.width) my0 0 0 ├── my1 1 0 └── my2 0 2
Please see the Documentation_ for all details.
To install the anytree module run::
pip install anytree
If you do not have write-permissions to the python installation, try::
pip install anytree --user
FAQs
Powerful and Lightweight Python Tree Data Structure with various plugins
We found that anytree demonstrated a healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released less than a year ago. It has 1 open source maintainer collaborating on the project.
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