![Introducing Enhanced Alert Actions and Triage Functionality](https://cdn.sanity.io/images/cgdhsj6q/production/fe71306d515f85de6139b46745ea7180362324f0-2530x946.png?w=800&fit=max&auto=format)
Product
Introducing Enhanced Alert Actions and Triage Functionality
Socket now supports four distinct alert actions instead of the previous two, and alert triaging allows users to override the actions taken for all individual alerts.
Use REST APIs to get word and audio file information from Wiktionary™. Pages with audio file information are parsed, as are pages with word information for the German, Polish, and Czech dictionaries.
Readme
This package uses Wikimedia REST APIs to retrieve word and audio file information from Wiktionary. There is also functionality to parse the dictionary entries for German, Polish, and Czech words to extract much of the page information as object attributes.
Wiktionary, Wikimedia, Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons, and MediaWiki are trademarks of the Wikimedia Foundation and are used with the permission of the Wikimedia Foundation. We are not endorsed by or affiliated with the Wikimedia Foundation.
The REST APIs used are an interface provided by Wikimedia. The version used is version 1. Global rules, content licensing, and terms of service set by Wikimedia for using the APIs are currently at: https://[xx].wiktionary.org/api/rest_v1, where [xx] is replaced by the language code of the Wiktionary (eg, https://en.wiktionary.org/api/rest_v1 for the English Wiktionary).
{{Sinnverwandte Wörter}}
template
into a new related_words
attribute instead of in the synonyms attribute
with the lines after the {{Synonyme}}
template.This package extracts word and audio file information (but not audio files themselves) from Wiktionary. Support to download audio may be added in the future. For German, Polish, and Czech words, the most common elements of the dictionary entry or entries for a word can be extracted into separate fields. Similar functionality may be added in the future for other languages, or users can write their own parsers on the downloaded objects.
Downloading all audio files for a given headword (ie, page or page title) technically only requires two REST API calls, one to get the list of audio files for the headword and then to download the audio file. However, doing this and nothing else would ignore the downloader's potential attribution and other responsibilities imposed by the file licenses. Furthermore, the audio files obtained from the media list API for a given headword should consist of all audio files from the headword page, including those in languages other than the one in which the Wiktionary is written.
The package therefore contains the following functionality:
Automatic removal of audio files that are likely (based on file naming convention) not pronunciations in the target language.
Creation of a yes/no flag to indicate whether the audio file is probably a pronunciation of the headword and not, say, an example expression (again based on file naming conventions).
Assignment of probable authors, probable licenses, and probable attributions (when audio file author/uploader specifies an attribution parameter that differs from the author) based on parsing the wikitext of the file that is meant to contain such information. The parsing of such text files may not be perfect, and therefore users should review these assigned elements with the wikitext to confirm the necessary information was correctly extracted. A wrapper function is provided to print the probable license, probable author, probable attribution, and wikitext to a single file for easier review. Users should also check that the templates that hold license and author information for their selected audio files still have the same parameters and interpretation as when the default parser was written.
Support for user-created functions that assign the probable authors, probable licenses, and probable attributions for users that want to write their own parser or write a wrapper around a parser from a different third-party package.
Sorting of audio files by user-defined keys (which might include sorting by preferred probable licenses, probable authors, language variants [eg, American vs British English], or pronunciations).
Creation of cache/output directories that will store downloaded HTML and wikitext information. Users can configure whether or not to use the cache. Page revision is part of the key when retrieving from the cache, so deletion of the cache files with the revision information will result in the latest revision number being retrieved. If the revision is not changed and reading from the cache is configured, the program will know there is no need to re-update the media list or HTML/wikitext output for the page.
An easy-to-use wrapper that downloads headword and audio file information into objects, and then optionally outputs the results in a text file at the word or audio file level.
Support to sleep a specified amount of time after a REST API call to comply with Wikimedia™ rate limits.
Logging using the logging
package is used in the standard manner
with a null handler attached in the __init__.py
.
Support for GermanWord
objects, which are like Headword
objects, but
have an additional list of grammar information for each dictionary entry (ie,
for each third-level heading in the page). The information extracted includes:
word separation information, pronunciations, abbreviations, definitions,
origins, synonyms, opposites, hyponyms, hypernyms, examples, expressions,
characteristic word combinations, word formations, references and additional
information, sources, alternate spellings, sayings/proverbs, comparative and
superlative form(s) of adjectives, verb forms (first, second and third person
singular present, first/third singular preterite, past participle, helper
verb, and the Subjunctive II [Konjuntiv II]), the usual 8 noun declinations
(4 cases by singular/plural) and whether the noun declines as an adjective).
Note that the page information is broken up into the sections above, but
the wikitext is not completely transcluded (ie, replaced with plain text).
Support for PolishWord
objects, which are like Headword
objects,
but have an additional list of over sixty attributes with grammar information
for the dictionary entry. The information extracted includes: pronunciations,
definitions, etymology, synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms, hypernyms, examples,
expressions, word combinations, word formations, references, syntax,
meronyms, holonyms, and cautions. Up to two comparative forms for the
adjective are presented, along with over 15 verb conjugated or
derived forms, noun gender (both as {'m','f','n'} and also as subcategories
for the masculine nouns by person, animal, and/or thing.), and the usual
14 declinations (7 cases by singular/plural). Note that the page information
is broken up into the sections listed above, but the wikitext is not
completely transcluded (ie, replaced with plain text).
Support for CzechWord
objects, which are like Headword
objects,
but have an additional list of over sixty attributes with grammar information
for the dictionary entry. The information extracted includes at the word
level: pronunciations, word separations, etymology, external links, variants,
and references. At the entry level, attributes include: definitions,
etymology (if differs by entry), synonyms, antonyms, examples, expressions,
sayings, related words, variants, word combinations, abbreviations,
declensions, collocations, and part of speech summary and detail information.
Up to two comparative forms for the adjective are presented, along with almost
30 verb conjugated or derived forms, noun gender (both as {'m','f','n'} and
also as subcategories for the masculine nouns by animate/inanimate, and the
usual 14 noun declinations (7 cases by singular/plural). Note that the page
information is broken up into the sections listed above, but the wikitext is
not completely transcluded (ie, replaced with plain text).
In the future (potentially), users can record their decision about whether to request download of an audio file and pass the decision back into package objects or functions to select files for download. Currently, the decision will be stored in the object but will not cause downloading until the package is updated to support this.
from wikwork import wrapper, page_media, io_options
import logging
# set up the logger to print to the console
logger = logging.getLogger('wikwork')
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
ch = logging.StreamHandler()
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - '
'%(levelname)s - %(message)s')
ch.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(ch)
my_headers = {
'User-Agent': '(wikwork Python package) (email or phone)'
}
io_opts = io_options.IOOptions(
output_dir='cache_output/de',
project='Wiktionary',
headers=my_headers)
# Sort first by pronunciation not from Austria, then by whether the audio
# is likely a pronuncation of only the headword, then by preferred license
# status, then by pronunciation (as German words ending in '-ig' often
# have two variants recorded, so this preferentially selects those
# sounding like '-ik' [IPA: -ɪk] over '-isch' [IPA: -ɪç]).
pref_license_set = set(['cc-by-sa 4.0', 'cc-by-sa-4.0'])
def my_sort(x: page_media.AudioFile):
return (not x.filename.startswith('De-at-'),
x.prob_headword,
(x.prob_licenses is not None and
len(set(x.prob_licenses) & pref_license_set)>0),
re.search('ɪk/', x.wikitext) is not None)
# can use the wrapper, (de_input.txt has a column with header = 'Word'
# and then rows with values given by input_list).
input_list = ['Kind','Montag','helfen','Zahl','Wunderbar!',
'rot','sonnig','zum Beispiel']
res = wrapper.words_wrapper(
input_words_filename=f'de_input.txt',
headword_lang_code='de',
audio_html_lang_code='en',
io_options=io_opts,
input_words_column_name='Word',
fetch_word_page=True,
fetch_audio_info=True,
sort_key=my_sort,
output_words_filename='de_output_words.txt',
output_audios_filename='de_output_audios.txt',
output_wikitext_filename='de_wiki.txt'
)
# ... do other things with res if desired ...
# ... or instead of using the wrapper, create Headword objects directly ...
# (One could also make german.GermanWord objects instead of Headword objects.
# The difference is GermanWord objects will parse the wikitext of the headword
# page for grammar information. See german.GermanWord for details.)
res2 = []
for word in input_list:
word_info = page_media.Headword(headword=word, lang_code='de')
if word_info.valid_input:
# need to get revision info first
word_info.fetch_revision_info(io_options=io_opts)
# optionally get word_page (https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/foo)
word_info.fetch_word_page(io_options=io_opts)
# optionally get list of audio files and their info from from
# (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:audio_filename.ogg)
word_info.fetch_audio_info(io_options=io_opts,
audio_html_lang_code='en', sort_key=my_sort)
# ... whatever else user wants to do ...
res2.append(word_info)
The following page has other useful points to consider when deciding whether or how to use downloaded media: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Reusing_content_outside_Wikimedia
Users should familiarize themselves with wikitext and especially templates. For example, the file-namespace pages with license/author information are typically quite small (<100 characters). The 'Template:' namespace on Wikimedia Commons™ can be used to find information about a template (ie, strings enclosed in two braces '{{...}}'. For example, information about the template '{{cc-zero}}' can be found at https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:cc-zero (which redirects to https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Cc-zero). One would expect these templates to not change much over time (the one linked above was changed only four times from when it was protected in October 2013 to February 2024).
There may be other methods of retrieving license information, perhaps through MediaWiki™ action APIs or Wikidata™. For action APIs, it does seem to be possible with images.
Determining which template parameters to assign to which attributes was
based on researching templates at the time of writing the function that
parses such templates. Templates are not retrieved 'in real time' by the
package at the time of function execution. Information in the docstrings of
the relevant GermanEntry
or PolishEntry
objects indicate the source
parameter for all such attributes so that users can verify at the time of
program execution, if desired, the meaning of the parameter has not changed.
Users planning a very large number of requests might be better off using a database dump.
The media list REST API call for the Spanish Wiktionary returns information about very few audio files compared to what is available on the headword page. Presumably whatever parser the REST API call uses to extract the media list doesn't recognize the template the files are nested in.
FAQs
Use REST APIs to get word and audio file information from Wiktionary™. Pages with audio file information are parsed, as are pages with word information for the German, Polish, and Czech dictionaries.
We found that wikwork demonstrated a healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released less than a year ago. It has 1 open source maintainer collaborating on the project.
Did you know?
Socket for GitHub automatically highlights issues in each pull request and monitors the health of all your open source dependencies. Discover the contents of your packages and block harmful activity before you install or update your dependencies.
Product
Socket now supports four distinct alert actions instead of the previous two, and alert triaging allows users to override the actions taken for all individual alerts.
Security News
Polyfill.io has been serving malware for months via its CDN, after the project's open source maintainer sold the service to a company based in China.
Security News
OpenSSF is warning open source maintainers to stay vigilant against reputation farming on GitHub, where users artificially inflate their status by manipulating interactions on closed issues and PRs.