@nerdalytics/beacon - npm Package Compare versions

Comparing version 1000.2.5 to 1000.3.0

dist/src/index.d.ts

@@ -1,4 +0,4 @@
-export type Unsubscribe = () => void;
-export type ReadOnlyState<T> = () => T;
-export interface WriteableState<T> {
+type Unsubscribe = () => void;
+type ReadOnlyState<T> = () => T;
+interface WriteableState<T> {
     set(value: T): void;
@@ -8,13 +8,14 @@ update(fn: (value: T) => T): void;
 declare const STATE_ID: unique symbol;
-export type State<T> = ReadOnlyState<T> & WriteableState<T> & {
+type State<T> = ReadOnlyState<T> & WriteableState<T> & {
     [STATE_ID]?: symbol;
 };
-export declare const state: <T>(initialValue: T, equalityFn?: (a: T, b: T) => boolean) => State<T>;
-export declare const effect: (fn: () => void) => Unsubscribe;
-export declare const batch: <T>(fn: () => T) => T;
-export declare const derive: <T>(computeFn: () => T) => ReadOnlyState<T>;
-export declare const select: <T, R>(source: ReadOnlyState<T>, selectorFn: (state: T) => R, equalityFn?: (a: R, b: R) => boolean) => ReadOnlyState<R>;
-export declare const readonlyState: <T>(state: State<T>) => ReadOnlyState<T>;
-export declare const protectedState: <T>(initialValue: T, equalityFn?: (a: T, b: T) => boolean) => [ReadOnlyState<T>, WriteableState<T>];
-export declare const lens: <T, K>(source: State<T>, accessor: (state: T) => K) => State<K>;
-export {};
+declare const createState: <T>(initialValue: T, equalityFn?: (a: T, b: T) => boolean) => State<T>;
+declare const createEffect: (fn: () => void) => Unsubscribe;
+declare const executeBatch: <T>(fn: () => T) => T;
+declare const createDerive: <T>(computeFn: () => T) => ReadOnlyState<T>;
+declare const createSelect: <T, R>(source: ReadOnlyState<T>, selectorFn: (state: T) => R, equalityFn?: (a: R, b: R) => boolean) => ReadOnlyState<R>;
+declare const createLens: <T, K>(source: State<T>, accessor: (state: T) => K) => State<K>;
+declare const createReadonlyState: <T>(source: State<T>) => ReadOnlyState<T>;
+declare const createProtectedState: <T>(initialValue: T, equalityFn?: (a: T, b: T) => boolean) => [ReadOnlyState<T>, WriteableState<T>];
+export { createDerive as derive, createEffect as effect, createLens as lens, createProtectedState as protectedState, createReadonlyState as readonlyState, createSelect as select, createState as state, executeBatch as batch, };
+export type { ReadOnlyState, State, Unsubscribe, WriteableState };

dist/src/index.min.js

@@ -1,1 +0,1 @@
-let i=Symbol("STATE_ID"),a=(e,t=Object.is)=>l.createState(e,t);var e=e=>l.createEffect(e),t=e=>l.executeBatch(e),r=e=>l.createDerive(e),s=(e,t,r=Object.is)=>l.createSelect(e,t,r);let c=e=>()=>e();var n=(e,t=Object.is)=>{let r=a(e,t);return[()=>c(r)(),{set:e=>r.set(e),update:e=>r.update(e)}]},u=(e,t)=>l.createLens(e,t);class l{static currentSubscriber=null;static pendingSubscribers=new Set;static isNotifying=!1;static batchDepth=0;static deferredEffectCreations=[];static activeSubscribers=new Set;static stateTracking=new WeakMap;static subscriberDependencies=new WeakMap;static parentSubscriber=new WeakMap;static childSubscribers=new WeakMap;value;subscribers=new Set;stateId=Symbol();equalityFn;constructor(e,t=Object.is){this.value=e,this.equalityFn=t}static createState=(e,t=Object.is)=>{let r=new l(e,t);e=()=>r.get();return e.set=e=>r.set(e),e.update=e=>r.update(e),e[i]=r.stateId,e};get=()=>{var r=l.currentSubscriber;if(r){this.subscribers.add(r);let e=l.subscriberDependencies.get(r),t=(e||(e=new Set,l.subscriberDependencies.set(r,e)),e.add(this.subscribers),l.stateTracking.get(r));t||(t=new Set,l.stateTracking.set(r,t)),t.add(this.stateId)}return this.value};set=e=>{if(!this.equalityFn(this.value,e)){var t=l.currentSubscriber;if(t)if(l.stateTracking.get(t)?.has(this.stateId)&&!l.parentSubscriber.get(t))throw new Error("Infinite loop detected: effect() cannot update a state() it depends on!");if(this.value=e,0!==this.subscribers.size){for(var r of this.subscribers)l.pendingSubscribers.add(r);0!==l.batchDepth||l.isNotifying||l.notifySubscribers()}}};update=e=>{this.set(e(this.value))};static createEffect=e=>{let r=()=>{if(!l.activeSubscribers.has(r)){l.activeSubscribers.add(r);var t=l.currentSubscriber;try{if(l.cleanupEffect(r),l.currentSubscriber=r,l.stateTracking.set(r,new Set),t){l.parentSubscriber.set(r,t);let e=l.childSubscribers.get(t);e||(e=new Set,l.childSubscribers.set(t,e)),e.add(r)}e()}finally{l.currentSubscriber=t,l.activeSubscribers.delete(r)}}};if(0===l.batchDepth)r();else{if(l.currentSubscriber){var t=l.currentSubscriber;l.parentSubscriber.set(r,t);let e=l.childSubscribers.get(t);e||(e=new Set,l.childSubscribers.set(t,e)),e.add(r)}l.deferredEffectCreations.push(r)}return()=>{l.cleanupEffect(r),l.pendingSubscribers.delete(r),l.activeSubscribers.delete(r),l.stateTracking.delete(r);var e=l.parentSubscriber.get(r),e=(e&&(e=l.childSubscribers.get(e))&&e.delete(r),l.parentSubscriber.delete(r),l.childSubscribers.get(r));if(e){for(var t of e)l.cleanupEffect(t);e.clear(),l.childSubscribers.delete(r)}}};static executeBatch=e=>{l.batchDepth++;try{return e()}catch(e){throw 1===l.batchDepth&&(l.pendingSubscribers.clear(),l.deferredEffectCreations.length=0),e}finally{if(l.batchDepth--,0===l.batchDepth){if(0<l.deferredEffectCreations.length){var t,e=l.deferredEffectCreations;l.deferredEffectCreations=[];for(t of e)t()}0<l.pendingSubscribers.size&&!l.isNotifying&&l.notifySubscribers()}}};static createDerive=e=>{let t={cachedValue:void 0,computeFn:e,initialized:!1,valueState:l.createState(void 0)};return l.createEffect(function(){var e=t.computeFn();t.initialized&&Object.is(t.cachedValue,e)||(t.cachedValue=e,t.valueState.set(e)),t.initialized=!0}),function(){return t.initialized||(t.cachedValue=t.computeFn(),t.initialized=!0,t.valueState.set(t.cachedValue)),t.valueState()}};static createSelect=(e,t,r=Object.is)=>{let i={equalityFn:r,initialized:!1,lastSelectedValue:void 0,lastSourceValue:void 0,selectorFn:t,source:e,valueState:l.createState(void 0)};return l.createEffect(function(){var e=i.source();i.initialized&&Object.is(i.lastSourceValue,e)||(i.lastSourceValue=e,e=i.selectorFn(e),i.initialized&&void 0!==i.lastSelectedValue&&i.equalityFn(i.lastSelectedValue,e))||(i.lastSelectedValue=e,i.valueState.set(e),i.initialized=!0)}),function(){return i.initialized||(i.lastSourceValue=i.source(),i.lastSelectedValue=i.selectorFn(i.lastSourceValue),i.valueState.set(i.lastSelectedValue),i.initialized=!0),i.valueState()}};static createLens=(e,t)=>{let a={accessor:t,isUpdating:!1,lensState:null,originalSet:null,path:[],source:e};return a.path=(()=>{let r=[],i=new Proxy({},{get:(e,t)=>("string"!=typeof t&&"number"!=typeof t||r.push(t),i)});try{a.accessor(i)}catch{}return r})(),a.lensState=l.createState(a.accessor(a.source())),a.originalSet=a.lensState.set,l.createEffect(function(){if(!a.isUpdating){a.isUpdating=!0;try{a.lensState.set(a.accessor(a.source()))}finally{a.isUpdating=!1}}}),a.lensState.set=function(t){if(!a.isUpdating){a.isUpdating=!0;try{a.originalSet(t),a.source.update(e=>p(e,a.path,t))}finally{a.isUpdating=!1}}},a.lensState.update=function(e){a.lensState.set(e(a.lensState()))},a.lensState};static notifySubscribers=()=>{if(!l.isNotifying){l.isNotifying=!0;try{for(;0<l.pendingSubscribers.size;){var e,t=l.pendingSubscribers;l.pendingSubscribers=new Set;for(e of t)e()}}finally{l.isNotifying=!1}}};static cleanupEffect=e=>{l.pendingSubscribers.delete(e);var t=l.subscriberDependencies.get(e);if(t){for(var r of t)r.delete(e);t.clear(),l.subscriberDependencies.delete(e)}}}let b=(e,t,r)=>{e=[...e];return e[t]=r,e},d=(e,t,r)=>{e={...e};return e[t]=r,e},f=e=>"number"==typeof e||!Number.isNaN(Number(e))?[]:{},S=(e,t,r)=>{var i=Number(t[0]);if(1===t.length)return b(e,i,r);var a=[...e],t=t.slice(1),s=t[0];let c=e[i];return null==c&&(c=void 0!==s?f(s):{}),a[i]=p(c,t,r),a},o=(e,t,r)=>{var i=t[0];if(void 0===i)return e;if(1===t.length)return d(e,i,r);var t=t.slice(1),a=t[0];let s=e[i];null==s&&(s=void 0!==a?f(a):{});a={...e};return a[i]=p(s,t,r),a},p=(e,t,r)=>0===t.length?r:null==e?p({},t,r):void 0===t[0]?e:(Array.isArray(e)?S:o)(e,t,r);export{a as state,e as effect,t as batch,r as derive,s as select,c as readonlyState,n as protectedState,u as lens};
+let a=Symbol("STATE_ID"),s=null,u=new Set,d=!1,c=0,l=[],i=new Set,o=new WeakMap,f=new WeakMap,S=new WeakMap,r=new WeakMap,v=()=>{if(!d){d=!0;try{for(;0<u.size;){var e,t=u;u=new Set;for(e of t)e()}}finally{d=!1}}},n=e=>{u.delete(e);var t=f.get(e);if(t){for(var a of t)a.delete(e);t.clear(),f.delete(e)}},p=(e,l=Object.is)=>{let i=e,r=new Set,n=Symbol(),t=()=>{var a=s;if(a){r.add(a);let e=f.get(a),t=(e||(e=new Set,f.set(a,e)),e.add(r),o.get(a));t||(t=new Set,o.set(a,t)),t.add(n)}return i};return t.set=e=>{if(!l(i,e)){var t=s;if(t)if(o.get(t)?.has(n)&&!S.get(t))throw new Error("Infinite loop detected: effect() cannot update a state() it depends on!");if(i=e,0!==r.size){for(var a of r)u.add(a);0!==c||d||v()}}},t.update=e=>{t.set(e(i))},t[a]=n,t},g=e=>{let a=()=>{if(!i.has(a)){i.add(a);var t=s;try{if(n(a),s=a,o.set(a,new Set),t){S.set(a,t);let e=r.get(t);e||(e=new Set,r.set(t,e)),e.add(a)}e()}finally{s=t,i.delete(a)}}};if(0===c)a();else{if(s){var t=s;S.set(a,t);let e=r.get(t);e||(e=new Set,r.set(t,e)),e.add(a)}l.push(a)}return()=>{n(a),u.delete(a),i.delete(a),o.delete(a);var e=S.get(a),e=(e&&(e=r.get(e))&&e.delete(a),S.delete(a),r.get(a));if(e){for(var t of e)n(t);e.clear(),r.delete(a)}}};var e=e=>{c++;try{return e()}catch(e){throw 1===c&&(u.clear(),l.length=0),e}finally{if(0===--c){if(0<l.length){var t,e=l;l=[];for(t of e)t()}0<u.size&&!d&&v()}}},t=e=>{let t={cachedValue:void 0,computeFn:e,initialized:!1,valueState:p(void 0)};return g(function(){var e=t.computeFn();t.initialized&&Object.is(t.cachedValue,e)||(t.cachedValue=e,t.valueState.set(e)),t.initialized=!0}),function(){return t.initialized||(t.cachedValue=t.computeFn(),t.initialized=!0,t.valueState.set(t.cachedValue)),t.valueState()}},h=(e,t,a=Object.is)=>{let l={equalityFn:a,initialized:!1,lastSelectedValue:void 0,lastSourceValue:void 0,selectorFn:t,source:e,valueState:p(void 0)};return g(function(){var e=l.source();l.initialized&&Object.is(l.lastSourceValue,e)||(l.lastSourceValue=e,e=l.selectorFn(e),l.initialized&&void 0!==l.lastSelectedValue&&l.equalityFn(l.lastSelectedValue,e))||(l.lastSelectedValue=e,l.valueState.set(e),l.initialized=!0)}),function(){return l.initialized||(l.lastSourceValue=l.source(),l.lastSelectedValue=l.selectorFn(l.lastSourceValue),l.valueState.set(l.lastSelectedValue),l.initialized=!0),l.valueState()}};let y=(e,t,a)=>{e=[...e];return e[t]=a,e},w=(e,t,a)=>{e={...e};return e[t]=a,e},V=e=>"number"==typeof e||!Number.isNaN(Number(e))?[]:{},z=(e,t,a)=>{var l=Number(t[0]);if(1===t.length)return y(e,l,a);var i=[...e],t=t.slice(1),r=t[0];let n=e[l];return null==n&&(n=void 0!==r?V(r):{}),i[l]=m(n,t,a),i},b=(e,t,a)=>{var l=t[0];if(void 0===l)return e;if(1===t.length)return w(e,l,a);var t=t.slice(1),i=t[0];let r=e[l];null==r&&(r=void 0!==i?V(i):{});i={...e};return i[l]=m(r,t,a),i},m=(e,t,a)=>0===t.length?a:null==e?m({},t,a):void 0===t[0]?e:(Array.isArray(e)?z:b)(e,t,a);var F=(e,t)=>{let i={accessor:t,isUpdating:!1,lensState:null,originalSet:null,path:[],source:e};return i.path=(()=>{let a=[],l=new Proxy({},{get:(e,t)=>("string"!=typeof t&&"number"!=typeof t||a.push(t),l)});try{i.accessor(l)}catch{}return a})(),i.lensState=p(i.accessor(i.source())),i.originalSet=i.lensState.set,g(function(){if(!i.isUpdating){i.isUpdating=!0;try{i.lensState.set(i.accessor(i.source()))}finally{i.isUpdating=!1}}}),i.lensState.set=function(t){if(!i.isUpdating){i.isUpdating=!0;try{i.originalSet(t),i.source.update(e=>m(e,i.path,t))}finally{i.isUpdating=!1}}},i.lensState.update=function(e){i.lensState.set(e(i.lensState()))},i.lensState};let U=e=>()=>e();var j=(e,t=Object.is)=>{let a=p(e,t);return[()=>U(a)(),{set:e=>a.set(e),update:e=>a.update(e)}]};export{t as derive,g as effect,F as lens,j as protectedState,U as readonlyState,h as select,p as state,e as batch};

package.json

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ {
 	"devDependencies": {
-		"@biomejs/biome": "2.3.13",
-		"@types/node": "25.0.10",
+		"@biomejs/biome": "2.3.14",
+		"@types/node": "25.2.2",
 		"npm-check-updates": "19.3.2",
@@ -54,3 +54,3 @@ "typescript": "5.9.3",
 	"name": "@nerdalytics/beacon",
-	"packageManager": "npm@11.8.0",
+	"packageManager": "npm@11.9.0",
 	"repository": {
@@ -61,3 +61,3 @@ "type": "git",
 	"scripts": {
-		"benchmark": "node scripts/benchmark.ts",
+		"benchmark": "node --expose-gc scripts/benchmark.ts",
 		"benchmark:naiv": "node scripts/naiv-benchmark.ts",
@@ -97,5 +97,6 @@ "build": "npm run build:lts",
 	},
+	"sideEffects": false,
 	"type": "module",
 	"types": "dist/src/index.d.ts",
-	"version": "1000.2.5"
+	"version": "1000.3.0"
 }

README.md

@@ -1,2 +0,2 @@
-# Beacon <img align="right" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nerdalytics/beacon/refs/heads/trunk/assets/beacon-logo.svg" width="128px" alt="A stylized lighthouse beacon with golden light against a dark blue background, representing the reactive state library"/>
+# Beacon <img align="right" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nerdalytics/beacon/refs/heads/trunk/assets/beacon-logo-v2.svg" width="128px" alt="A stylized lighthouse beacon with golden light against a dark blue background, representing the reactive state library"/>
 
@@ -7,3 +7,3 @@ > Lightweight reactive state management for Node.js backends
 [![registry:npm:version](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/@nerdalytics/beacon.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@nerdalytics/beacon)
-[![Socket Badge](https://badge.socket.dev/npm/package/@nerdalytics/beacon/1000.2.4)](https://socket.dev/npm/package/@nerdalytics/beacon/overview/1000.2.4)
+[![Socket Badge](https://badge.socket.dev/npm/package/@nerdalytics/beacon/1000.3.0)](https://socket.dev/npm/package/@nerdalytics/beacon/overview/1000.3.0)
 
@@ -10,0 +10,0 @@ [![tech:nodejs](https://img.shields.io/badge/Node%20js-339933?style=for-the-badge&logo=nodedotjs&logoColor=white)](https://nodejs.org/)

src/index.ts

 // Core types for reactive primitives
 type Subscriber = () => void
-export type Unsubscribe = () => void
-export type ReadOnlyState<T> = () => T
-export interface WriteableState<T> {
+type Unsubscribe = () => void
+type ReadOnlyState<T> = () => T
+interface WriteableState<T> {
 	set(value: T): void
@@ -13,3 +13,3 @@ update(fn: (value: T) => T): void
 
-export type State<T> = ReadOnlyState<T> &
+type State<T> = ReadOnlyState<T> &
 	WriteableState<T> & {
@@ -19,149 +19,90 @@ [STATE_ID]?: symbol
 
-/**
- * Creates a reactive state container with the provided initial value.
- */
-export const state = <T>(initialValue: T, equalityFn: (a: T, b: T) => boolean = Object.is): State<T> =>
-	StateImpl.createState(initialValue, equalityFn)
+// Module-level reactive state
+let currentSubscriber: Subscriber | null = null
+let pendingSubscribers: Set<Subscriber> = new Set<Subscriber>()
+let isNotifying = false
+let batchDepth = 0
+let deferredEffectCreations: Subscriber[] = []
+const activeSubscribers: Set<Subscriber> = new Set<Subscriber>()
+const stateTracking: WeakMap<Subscriber, Set<symbol>> = new WeakMap<Subscriber, Set<symbol>>()
+const subscriberDependencies: WeakMap<Subscriber, Set<Set<Subscriber>>> = new WeakMap<
+	Subscriber,
+	Set<Set<Subscriber>>
+>()
+const parentSubscriber: WeakMap<Subscriber, Subscriber> = new WeakMap<Subscriber, Subscriber>()
+const childSubscribers: WeakMap<Subscriber, Set<Subscriber>> = new WeakMap<Subscriber, Set<Subscriber>>()
 
-/**
- * Registers a function to run whenever its reactive dependencies change.
- */
-export const effect = (fn: () => void): Unsubscribe => StateImpl.createEffect(fn)
+const notifySubscribers = (): void => {
+	if (isNotifying) {
+		return
+	}
 
-/**
- * Groups multiple state updates to trigger effects only once at the end.
- */
-export const batch = <T>(fn: () => T): T => StateImpl.executeBatch(fn)
+	isNotifying = true
 
-/**
- * Creates a read-only computed value that updates when its dependencies change.
- */
-export const derive = <T>(computeFn: () => T): ReadOnlyState<T> => StateImpl.createDerive(computeFn)
+	try {
+		while (pendingSubscribers.size > 0) {
+			const subscribers = pendingSubscribers
+			pendingSubscribers = new Set()
 
-/**
- * Creates an efficient subscription to a subset of a state value.
- */
-export const select = <T, R>(
-	source: ReadOnlyState<T>,
-	selectorFn: (state: T) => R,
-	equalityFn: (a: R, b: R) => boolean = Object.is
-): ReadOnlyState<R> => StateImpl.createSelect(source, selectorFn, equalityFn)
+			for (const effect of subscribers) {
+				effect()
+			}
+		}
+	} finally {
+		isNotifying = false
+	}
+}
 
-/**
- * Creates a read-only view of a state, hiding mutation methods.
- */
-export const readonlyState =
-	<T>(state: State<T>): ReadOnlyState<T> =>
-	(): T =>
-		state()
+const cleanupEffect = (effect: Subscriber): void => {
+	pendingSubscribers.delete(effect)
 
-/**
- * Creates a state with access control, returning a tuple of reader and writer.
- */
-export const protectedState = <T>(
-	initialValue: T,
-	equalityFn: (a: T, b: T) => boolean = Object.is
-): [
-	ReadOnlyState<T>,
-	WriteableState<T>,
-] => {
-	const fullState = state(initialValue, equalityFn)
-	return [
-		(): T => readonlyState(fullState)(),
-		{
-			set: (value: T): void => fullState.set(value),
-			update: (fn: (value: T) => T): void => fullState.update(fn),
-		},
-	]
+	const deps = subscriberDependencies.get(effect)
+	if (deps) {
+		for (const subscribers of deps) {
+			subscribers.delete(effect)
+		}
+		deps.clear()
+		subscriberDependencies.delete(effect)
+	}
 }
 
 /**
- * Creates a lens for direct updates to nested properties of a state.
+ * Creates a reactive state container with the provided initial value.
  */
-export const lens = <T, K>(source: State<T>, accessor: (state: T) => K): State<K> =>
-	StateImpl.createLens(source, accessor)
+const createState = <T>(initialValue: T, equalityFn: (a: T, b: T) => boolean = Object.is): State<T> => {
+	let value = initialValue
+	const subscribers = new Set<Subscriber>()
+	const stateId = Symbol()
 
-class StateImpl<T> {
-	// Static fields track global reactivity state - this centralized approach allows
-	// for coordinated updates while maintaining individual state isolation
-	private static currentSubscriber: Subscriber | null = null
-	private static pendingSubscribers = new Set<Subscriber>()
-	private static isNotifying = false
-	private static batchDepth = 0
-	private static deferredEffectCreations: Subscriber[] = []
-	private static activeSubscribers = new Set<Subscriber>()
-
-	// WeakMaps enable automatic garbage collection when subscribers are no
-	// longer referenced, preventing memory leaks in long-running applications
-	private static stateTracking = new WeakMap<Subscriber, Set<symbol>>()
-	private static subscriberDependencies = new WeakMap<Subscriber, Set<Set<Subscriber>>>()
-	private static parentSubscriber = new WeakMap<Subscriber, Subscriber>()
-	private static childSubscribers = new WeakMap<Subscriber, Set<Subscriber>>()
-
-	// Instance state - each state has unique subscribers and ID
-	private value: T
-	private subscribers = new Set<Subscriber>()
-	private stateId = Symbol()
-	private equalityFn: (a: T, b: T) => boolean
-
-	constructor(initialValue: T, equalityFn: (a: T, b: T) => boolean = Object.is) {
-		this.value = initialValue
-		this.equalityFn = equalityFn
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Creates a reactive state container with the provided initial value.
-	 * Implementation of the public 'state' function.
-	 */
-	static createState = <T>(initialValue: T, equalityFn: (a: T, b: T) => boolean = Object.is): State<T> => {
-		const instance = new StateImpl<T>(initialValue, equalityFn)
-		const get = (): T => instance.get()
-		get.set = (value: T): void => instance.set(value)
-		get.update = (fn: (currentValue: T) => T): void => instance.update(fn)
-		get[STATE_ID] = instance.stateId
-		return get as State<T>
-	}
-
-	// Auto-tracks dependencies when called within effects, creating a fine-grained
-	// reactivity graph that only updates affected components
-	get = (): T => {
-		const currentEffect = StateImpl.currentSubscriber
+	const get = (): T => {
+		const currentEffect = currentSubscriber
 		if (currentEffect) {
-			// Add this effect to subscribers for future notification
-			this.subscribers.add(currentEffect)
+			subscribers.add(currentEffect)
 
-			// Maintain bidirectional dependency tracking to enable precise cleanup
-			// when effects are unsubscribed, preventing memory leaks
-			let dependencies = StateImpl.subscriberDependencies.get(currentEffect)
+			let dependencies = subscriberDependencies.get(currentEffect)
 			if (!dependencies) {
 				dependencies = new Set()
-				StateImpl.subscriberDependencies.set(currentEffect, dependencies)
+				subscriberDependencies.set(currentEffect, dependencies)
 			}
-			dependencies.add(this.subscribers)
+			dependencies.add(subscribers)
 
-			// Track read states to detect direct cyclical dependencies that
-			// could cause infinite loops
-			let readStates = StateImpl.stateTracking.get(currentEffect)
+			let readStates = stateTracking.get(currentEffect)
 			if (!readStates) {
 				readStates = new Set()
-				StateImpl.stateTracking.set(currentEffect, readStates)
+				stateTracking.set(currentEffect, readStates)
 			}
-			readStates.add(this.stateId)
+			readStates.add(stateId)
 		}
-		return this.value
+		return value
 	}
 
-	// Handles value updates with built-in optimizations and safeguards
-	set = (newValue: T): void => {
-		// Skip updates for unchanged values to prevent redundant effect executions
-		if (this.equalityFn(this.value, newValue)) {
+	get.set = (newValue: T): void => {
+		if (equalityFn(value, newValue)) {
 			return
 		}
 
-		// Infinite loop detection prevents direct self-mutation within effects,
-		// while allowing nested effect patterns that would otherwise appear cyclical
-		const effect = StateImpl.currentSubscriber
+		const effect = currentSubscriber
 		if (effect) {
-			const states = StateImpl.stateTracking.get(effect)
-			if (states?.has(this.stateId) && !StateImpl.parentSubscriber.get(effect)) {
+			const states = stateTracking.get(effect)
+			if (states?.has(stateId) && !parentSubscriber.get(effect)) {
 				throw new Error('Infinite loop detected: effect() cannot update a state() it depends on!')
@@ -171,82 +112,49 @@ }
 
-		this.value = newValue
+		value = newValue
 
-		// Skip updates when there are no subscribers, avoiding unnecessary processing
-		if (this.subscribers.size === 0) {
+		if (subscribers.size === 0) {
 			return
 		}
 
-		// Queue notifications instead of executing immediately to support batch operations
-		// and prevent redundant effect runs
-		for (const sub of this.subscribers) {
-			StateImpl.pendingSubscribers.add(sub)
+		for (const sub of subscribers) {
+			pendingSubscribers.add(sub)
 		}
 
-		// Immediate execution outside of batches, deferred execution inside batches
-		if (StateImpl.batchDepth === 0 && !StateImpl.isNotifying) {
-			StateImpl.notifySubscribers()
+		if (batchDepth === 0 && !isNotifying) {
+			notifySubscribers()
 		}
 	}
 
-	update = (fn: (currentValue: T) => T): void => {
-		this.set(fn(this.value))
+	get.update = (fn: (currentValue: T) => T): void => {
+		get.set(fn(value))
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Registers a function to run whenever its reactive dependencies change.
-	 * Implementation of the public 'effect' function.
-	 */
-	static createEffect = (fn: () => void): Unsubscribe => {
-		const runEffect = (): void => {
-			// Prevent re-entrance to avoid cascade updates during effect execution
-			if (StateImpl.activeSubscribers.has(runEffect)) {
-				return
-			}
+	get[STATE_ID] = stateId
+	return get as State<T>
+}
 
-			StateImpl.activeSubscribers.add(runEffect)
-			const parentEffect = StateImpl.currentSubscriber
+/**
+ * Registers a function to run whenever its reactive dependencies change.
+ */
+const createEffect = (fn: () => void): Unsubscribe => {
+	const runEffect = (): void => {
+		if (activeSubscribers.has(runEffect)) {
+			return
+		}
 
-			try {
-				// Clean existing subscriptions before running to ensure only
-				// currently accessed states are tracked as dependencies
-				StateImpl.cleanupEffect(runEffect)
+		activeSubscribers.add(runEffect)
+		const parentEffect = currentSubscriber
 
-				// Set current context for automatic dependency tracking
-				StateImpl.currentSubscriber = runEffect
-				StateImpl.stateTracking.set(runEffect, new Set())
+		try {
+			cleanupEffect(runEffect)
 
-				// Track parent-child relationships to handle nested effects correctly
-				// and enable hierarchical cleanup later
-				if (parentEffect) {
-					StateImpl.parentSubscriber.set(runEffect, parentEffect)
-					let children = StateImpl.childSubscribers.get(parentEffect)
-					if (!children) {
-						children = new Set()
-						StateImpl.childSubscribers.set(parentEffect, children)
-					}
-					children.add(runEffect)
-				}
+			currentSubscriber = runEffect
+			stateTracking.set(runEffect, new Set())
 
-				// Execute the effect function, which will auto-track dependencies
-				fn()
-			} finally {
-				// Restore previous context when done
-				StateImpl.currentSubscriber = parentEffect
-				StateImpl.activeSubscribers.delete(runEffect)
-			}
-		}
-
-		// Run immediately unless we're in a batch operation
-		if (StateImpl.batchDepth === 0) {
-			runEffect()
-		} else {
-			// Still track parent-child relationship even when deferred,
-			// ensuring proper hierarchical cleanup later
-			if (StateImpl.currentSubscriber) {
-				const parent = StateImpl.currentSubscriber
-				StateImpl.parentSubscriber.set(runEffect, parent)
-				let children = StateImpl.childSubscribers.get(parent)
+			if (parentEffect) {
+				parentSubscriber.set(runEffect, parentEffect)
+				let children = childSubscribers.get(parentEffect)
 				if (!children) {
 					children = new Set()
-					StateImpl.childSubscribers.set(parent, children)
+					childSubscribers.set(parentEffect, children)
 				}
@@ -256,306 +164,168 @@ children.add(runEffect)
 
-			// Queue for execution when batch completes
-			StateImpl.deferredEffectCreations.push(runEffect)
+			fn()
+		} finally {
+			currentSubscriber = parentEffect
+			activeSubscribers.delete(runEffect)
 		}
+	}
 
-		// Return cleanup function to properly disconnect from reactivity graph
-		return (): void => {
-			// Remove from dependency tracking to stop future notifications
-			StateImpl.cleanupEffect(runEffect)
-			StateImpl.pendingSubscribers.delete(runEffect)
-			StateImpl.activeSubscribers.delete(runEffect)
-			StateImpl.stateTracking.delete(runEffect)
-
-			// Clean up parent-child relationship bidirectionally
-			const parent = StateImpl.parentSubscriber.get(runEffect)
-			if (parent) {
-				const siblings = StateImpl.childSubscribers.get(parent)
-				if (siblings) {
-					siblings.delete(runEffect)
-				}
+	if (batchDepth === 0) {
+		runEffect()
+	} else {
+		if (currentSubscriber) {
+			const parent = currentSubscriber
+			parentSubscriber.set(runEffect, parent)
+			let children = childSubscribers.get(parent)
+			if (!children) {
+				children = new Set()
+				childSubscribers.set(parent, children)
 			}
-			StateImpl.parentSubscriber.delete(runEffect)
+			children.add(runEffect)
+		}
 
-			// Recursively clean up child effects to prevent memory leaks in
-			// nested effect scenarios
-			const children = StateImpl.childSubscribers.get(runEffect)
-			if (children) {
-				for (const child of children) {
-					StateImpl.cleanupEffect(child)
-				}
-				children.clear()
-				StateImpl.childSubscribers.delete(runEffect)
-			}
-		}
+		deferredEffectCreations.push(runEffect)
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Groups multiple state updates to trigger effects only once at the end.
-	 * Implementation of the public 'batch' function.
-	 */
-	static executeBatch = <T>(fn: () => T): T => {
-		// Increment depth counter to handle nested batches correctly
-		StateImpl.batchDepth++
-		try {
-			return fn()
-		} catch (error: unknown) {
-			// Clean up on error to prevent stale subscribers from executing
-			// and potentially causing cascading errors
-			if (StateImpl.batchDepth === 1) {
-				StateImpl.pendingSubscribers.clear()
-				StateImpl.deferredEffectCreations.length = 0
-			}
-			throw error
-		} finally {
-			StateImpl.batchDepth--
+	return (): void => {
+		cleanupEffect(runEffect)
+		pendingSubscribers.delete(runEffect)
+		activeSubscribers.delete(runEffect)
+		stateTracking.delete(runEffect)
 
-			// Only process effects when exiting the outermost batch,
-			// maintaining proper execution order while avoiding redundant runs
-			if (StateImpl.batchDepth === 0) {
-				// Process effects created during the batch
-				if (StateImpl.deferredEffectCreations.length > 0) {
-					// Swap reference instead of spread copy to avoid array allocation
-					const effectsToRun = StateImpl.deferredEffectCreations
-					StateImpl.deferredEffectCreations = []
-					for (const effect of effectsToRun) {
-						effect()
-					}
-				}
-
-				// Process state updates that occurred during the batch
-				if (StateImpl.pendingSubscribers.size > 0 && !StateImpl.isNotifying) {
-					StateImpl.notifySubscribers()
-				}
+		const parent = parentSubscriber.get(runEffect)
+		if (parent) {
+			const siblings = childSubscribers.get(parent)
+			if (siblings) {
+				siblings.delete(runEffect)
 			}
 		}
-	}
+		parentSubscriber.delete(runEffect)
 
-	/**
-	 * Creates a read-only computed value that updates when its dependencies change.
-	 * Implementation of the public 'derive' function.
-	 */
-	static createDerive = <T>(computeFn: () => T): ReadOnlyState<T> => {
-		// Create a container to hold state and minimize closure captures
-		const container = {
-			cachedValue: undefined as unknown as T,
-			computeFn,
-			initialized: false,
-			valueState: StateImpl.createState<T | undefined>(undefined),
-		}
-
-		// Internal effect automatically tracks dependencies and updates the derived value
-		StateImpl.createEffect(function deriveEffect(): void {
-			const newValue = container.computeFn()
-
-			// Only update if the value actually changed to preserve referential equality
-			// and prevent unnecessary downstream updates
-			if (!(container.initialized && Object.is(container.cachedValue, newValue))) {
-				container.cachedValue = newValue
-				container.valueState.set(newValue)
+		const children = childSubscribers.get(runEffect)
+		if (children) {
+			for (const child of children) {
+				cleanupEffect(child)
 			}
-
-			container.initialized = true
-		})
-
-		// Return function with lazy initialization - ensures value is available
-		// even when accessed before its dependencies have had a chance to update
-		return function deriveGetter(): T {
-			if (!container.initialized) {
-				container.cachedValue = container.computeFn()
-				container.initialized = true
-				container.valueState.set(container.cachedValue)
-			}
-			return container.valueState() as T
+			children.clear()
+			childSubscribers.delete(runEffect)
 		}
 	}
+}
 
-	/**
-	 * Creates an efficient subscription to a subset of a state value.
-	 * Implementation of the public 'select' function.
-	 */
-	static createSelect = <T, R>(
-		source: ReadOnlyState<T>,
-		selectorFn: (state: T) => R,
-		equalityFn: (a: R, b: R) => boolean = Object.is
-	): ReadOnlyState<R> => {
-		// Create a container to hold state and minimize closure captures
-		const container = {
-			equalityFn,
-			initialized: false,
-			lastSelectedValue: undefined as R | undefined,
-			lastSourceValue: undefined as T | undefined,
-			selectorFn,
-			source,
-			valueState: StateImpl.createState<R | undefined>(undefined),
+/**
+ * Groups multiple state updates to trigger effects only once at the end.
+ */
+const executeBatch = <T>(fn: () => T): T => {
+	batchDepth++
+	try {
+		return fn()
+	} catch (error: unknown) {
+		if (batchDepth === 1) {
+			pendingSubscribers.clear()
+			deferredEffectCreations.length = 0
 		}
+		throw error
+	} finally {
+		batchDepth--
 
-		// Internal effect to track the source and update only when needed
-		StateImpl.createEffect(function selectEffect(): void {
-			const sourceValue = container.source()
-
-			// Skip computation if source reference hasn't changed
-			if (container.initialized && Object.is(container.lastSourceValue, sourceValue)) {
-				return
+		if (batchDepth === 0) {
+			if (deferredEffectCreations.length > 0) {
+				const effectsToRun = deferredEffectCreations
+				deferredEffectCreations = []
+				for (const effect of effectsToRun) {
+					effect()
+				}
 			}
 
-			container.lastSourceValue = sourceValue
-			const newSelectedValue = container.selectorFn(sourceValue)
-
-			// Use custom equality function to determine if value semantically changed,
-			// allowing for deep equality comparisons with complex objects
-			if (
-				container.initialized &&
-				container.lastSelectedValue !== undefined &&
-				container.equalityFn(container.lastSelectedValue, newSelectedValue)
-			) {
-				return
+			if (pendingSubscribers.size > 0 && !isNotifying) {
+				notifySubscribers()
 			}
-
-			// Update cache and notify subscribers due the value has changed
-			container.lastSelectedValue = newSelectedValue
-			container.valueState.set(newSelectedValue)
-			container.initialized = true
-		})
-
-		// Return function with eager initialization capability
-		return function selectGetter(): R {
-			if (!container.initialized) {
-				container.lastSourceValue = container.source()
-				container.lastSelectedValue = container.selectorFn(container.lastSourceValue)
-				container.valueState.set(container.lastSelectedValue)
-				container.initialized = true
-			}
-			return container.valueState() as R
 		}
 	}
+}
 
-	/**
-	 * Creates a lens for direct updates to nested properties of a state.
-	 * Implementation of the public 'lens' function.
-	 */
-	static createLens = <T, K>(source: State<T>, accessor: (state: T) => K): State<K> => {
-		// Create a container to hold lens state and minimize closure captures
-		const container = {
-			accessor,
-			isUpdating: false,
-			lensState: null as unknown as State<K>,
-			originalSet: null as unknown as (value: K) => void,
-			path: [] as (string | number)[],
-			source,
-		}
+/**
+ * Creates a read-only computed value that updates when its dependencies change.
+ */
+const createDerive = <T>(computeFn: () => T): ReadOnlyState<T> => {
+	const container = {
+		cachedValue: undefined as unknown as T,
+		computeFn,
+		initialized: false,
+		valueState: createState<T | undefined>(undefined),
+	}
 
-		// Extract the property path once during lens creation
-		const extractPath = (): (string | number)[] => {
-			const pathCollector: (string | number)[] = []
-			const proxy = new Proxy(
-				{},
-				{
-					get: (_: object, prop: string | symbol): unknown => {
-						if (typeof prop === 'string' || typeof prop === 'number') {
-							pathCollector.push(prop)
-						}
-						return proxy
-					},
-				}
-			)
+	createEffect(function deriveEffect(): void {
+		const newValue = container.computeFn()
 
-			try {
-				container.accessor(proxy as unknown as T)
-			} catch {
-				// Ignore errors, we're just collecting the path
-			}
-
-			return pathCollector
+		if (!(container.initialized && Object.is(container.cachedValue, newValue))) {
+			container.cachedValue = newValue
+			container.valueState.set(newValue)
 		}
 
-		// Capture the path once
-		container.path = extractPath()
+		container.initialized = true
+	})
 
-		// Create a state with the initial value from the source
-		container.lensState = StateImpl.createState<K>(container.accessor(container.source()))
-		container.originalSet = container.lensState.set
-
-		// Set up an effect to sync from source to lens
-		StateImpl.createEffect(function lensEffect(): void {
-			if (container.isUpdating) {
-				return
-			}
-
-			container.isUpdating = true
-			try {
-				container.lensState.set(container.accessor(container.source()))
-			} finally {
-				container.isUpdating = false
-			}
-		})
-
-		// Override the lens state's set method to update the source
-		container.lensState.set = function lensSet(value: K): void {
-			if (container.isUpdating) {
-				return
-			}
-
-			container.isUpdating = true
-			try {
-				// Update lens state
-				container.originalSet(value)
-
-				// Update source by modifying the value at path
-				container.source.update((current: T): T => setValueAtPath(current, container.path, value))
-			} finally {
-				container.isUpdating = false
-			}
+	return function deriveGetter(): T {
+		if (!container.initialized) {
+			container.cachedValue = container.computeFn()
+			container.initialized = true
+			container.valueState.set(container.cachedValue)
 		}
+		return container.valueState() as T
+	}
+}
 
-		// Add update method for completeness
-		container.lensState.update = function lensUpdate(fn: (value: K) => K): void {
-			container.lensState.set(fn(container.lensState()))
-		}
-
-		return container.lensState
+/**
+ * Creates an efficient subscription to a subset of a state value.
+ */
+const createSelect = <T, R>(
+	source: ReadOnlyState<T>,
+	selectorFn: (state: T) => R,
+	equalityFn: (a: R, b: R) => boolean = Object.is
+): ReadOnlyState<R> => {
+	const container = {
+		equalityFn,
+		initialized: false,
+		lastSelectedValue: undefined as R | undefined,
+		lastSourceValue: undefined as T | undefined,
+		selectorFn,
+		source,
+		valueState: createState<R | undefined>(undefined),
 	}
 
-	// Processes queued subscriber notifications in a controlled, non-reentrant way
-	private static notifySubscribers = (): void => {
-		// Prevent reentrance to avoid cascading notification loops when
-		// effects trigger further state changes
-		if (StateImpl.isNotifying) {
+	createEffect(function selectEffect(): void {
+		const sourceValue = container.source()
+
+		if (container.initialized && Object.is(container.lastSourceValue, sourceValue)) {
 			return
 		}
 
-		StateImpl.isNotifying = true
+		container.lastSourceValue = sourceValue
+		const newSelectedValue = container.selectorFn(sourceValue)
 
-		try {
-			// Process all pending effects in batches for better perf,
-			// ensuring topological execution order is maintained
-			while (StateImpl.pendingSubscribers.size > 0) {
-				// Swap with empty Set instead of Array.from() to avoid array allocation
-				const subscribers = StateImpl.pendingSubscribers
-				StateImpl.pendingSubscribers = new Set()
-
-				for (const effect of subscribers) {
-					effect()
-				}
-			}
-		} finally {
-			StateImpl.isNotifying = false
+		if (
+			container.initialized &&
+			container.lastSelectedValue !== undefined &&
+			container.equalityFn(container.lastSelectedValue, newSelectedValue)
+		) {
+			return
 		}
-	}
 
-	// Removes effect from dependency tracking to prevent memory leaks
-	private static cleanupEffect = (effect: Subscriber): void => {
-		// Remove from execution queue to prevent stale updates
-		StateImpl.pendingSubscribers.delete(effect)
+		container.lastSelectedValue = newSelectedValue
+		container.valueState.set(newSelectedValue)
+		container.initialized = true
+	})
 
-		// Remove bidirectional dependency references to prevent memory leaks
-		const deps = StateImpl.subscriberDependencies.get(effect)
-		if (deps) {
-			for (const subscribers of deps) {
-				subscribers.delete(effect)
-			}
-			deps.clear()
-			StateImpl.subscriberDependencies.delete(effect)
+	return function selectGetter(): R {
+		if (!container.initialized) {
+			container.lastSourceValue = container.source()
+			container.lastSelectedValue = container.selectorFn(container.lastSourceValue)
+			container.valueState.set(container.lastSelectedValue)
+			container.initialized = true
 		}
+		return container.valueState() as R
 	}
 }
+
 // Helper for array updates
@@ -594,7 +364,5 @@ const updateArrayItem = <V>(arr: unknown[], index: number, value: V): unknown[] => {
 	if (pathSegments.length === 1) {
-		// Simple array item update
 		return updateArrayItem(array, index, value)
 	}
 
-	// Nested path in array
 	const copy = [
@@ -606,6 +374,4 @@ ...array,
 
-	// For null/undefined values in arrays, create appropriate containers
 	let nextValue = array[index]
 	if (nextValue === undefined || nextValue === null) {
-		// Use empty object as default if nextKey is undefined
 		nextValue = nextKey !== undefined ? createContainer(nextKey) : {}
@@ -624,6 +390,4 @@ }
 ): Record<string | number, unknown> => {
-	// Ensure we have a valid key
 	const currentKey = pathSegments[0]
 	if (currentKey === undefined) {
-		// This shouldn't happen given our checks in the main function
 		return obj
@@ -633,18 +397,13 @@ }
 	if (pathSegments.length === 1) {
-		// Simple object property update
 		return updateShallowProperty(obj, currentKey, value)
 	}
 
-	// Nested path in object
 	const nextPathSegments = pathSegments.slice(1)
 	const nextKey = nextPathSegments[0]
 
-	// For null/undefined values, create appropriate containers
 	let currentValue = obj[currentKey]
 	if (currentValue === undefined || currentValue === null) {
-		// Use empty object as default if nextKey is undefined
 		currentValue = nextKey !== undefined ? createContainer(nextKey) : {}
 	}
 
-	// Create new object with updated property
 	const result = {
@@ -657,5 +416,3 @@ ...obj,
 
-// Simplified function to update a nested value at a path
 const setValueAtPath = <V, O>(obj: O, pathSegments: (string | number)[], value: V): O => {
-	// Handle base cases
 	if (pathSegments.length === 0) {
@@ -674,3 +431,2 @@ return value as unknown as O
 
-	// Delegate to specialized handlers based on data type
 	if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
@@ -682,1 +438,118 @@ return updateArrayPath(obj, pathSegments, value) as unknown as O
 }
+
+/**
+ * Creates a lens for direct updates to nested properties of a state.
+ */
+const createLens = <T, K>(source: State<T>, accessor: (state: T) => K): State<K> => {
+	const container = {
+		accessor,
+		isUpdating: false,
+		lensState: null as unknown as State<K>,
+		originalSet: null as unknown as (value: K) => void,
+		path: [] as (string | number)[],
+		source,
+	}
+
+	const extractPath = (): (string | number)[] => {
+		const pathCollector: (string | number)[] = []
+		const proxy = new Proxy(
+			{},
+			{
+				get: (_: object, prop: string | symbol): unknown => {
+					if (typeof prop === 'string' || typeof prop === 'number') {
+						pathCollector.push(prop)
+					}
+					return proxy
+				},
+			}
+		)
+
+		try {
+			container.accessor(proxy as unknown as T)
+		} catch {
+			// Ignore errors, we're just collecting the path
+		}
+
+		return pathCollector
+	}
+
+	container.path = extractPath()
+
+	container.lensState = createState<K>(container.accessor(container.source()))
+	container.originalSet = container.lensState.set
+
+	createEffect(function lensEffect(): void {
+		if (container.isUpdating) {
+			return
+		}
+
+		container.isUpdating = true
+		try {
+			container.lensState.set(container.accessor(container.source()))
+		} finally {
+			container.isUpdating = false
+		}
+	})
+
+	container.lensState.set = function lensSet(value: K): void {
+		if (container.isUpdating) {
+			return
+		}
+
+		container.isUpdating = true
+		try {
+			container.originalSet(value)
+
+			container.source.update((current: T): T => setValueAtPath(current, container.path, value))
+		} finally {
+			container.isUpdating = false
+		}
+	}
+
+	container.lensState.update = function lensUpdate(fn: (value: K) => K): void {
+		container.lensState.set(fn(container.lensState()))
+	}
+
+	return container.lensState
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a read-only view of a state, hiding mutation methods.
+ */
+const createReadonlyState =
+	<T>(source: State<T>): ReadOnlyState<T> =>
+	(): T =>
+		source()
+
+/**
+ * Creates a state with access control, returning a tuple of reader and writer.
+ */
+const createProtectedState = <T>(
+	initialValue: T,
+	equalityFn: (a: T, b: T) => boolean = Object.is
+): [
+	ReadOnlyState<T>,
+	WriteableState<T>,
+] => {
+	const fullState = createState(initialValue, equalityFn)
+	return [
+		(): T => createReadonlyState(fullState)(),
+		{
+			set: (value: T): void => fullState.set(value),
+			update: (fn: (value: T) => T): void => fullState.update(fn),
+		},
+	]
+}
+
+export {
+	createDerive as derive,
+	createEffect as effect,
+	createLens as lens,
+	createProtectedState as protectedState,
+	createReadonlyState as readonlyState,
+	createSelect as select,
+	createState as state,
+	executeBatch as batch,
+}
+
+export type { ReadOnlyState, State, Unsubscribe, WriteableState }

New alerts

Major refactor

Supply chain risk

Package has recently undergone a major refactor. It may be unstable or indicate significant internal changes. Use caution when updating to versions that include significant changes.

Found 1 instance in 1 package

Worsened metrics

Total package byte prevSize

25021

-28.01%

Lines of code

482

-20.07%

Number of medium supply chain risk alerts

1

Infinity%

No dependency changes