micromatch
Advanced tools
Package description
The micromatch npm package is a fast, minimal glob utility for node.js and JavaScript. It is used to parse, match, and expand glob patterns against strings to filter, validate, or manipulate file paths, names, and other string lists.
Matching glob patterns
Match an array of strings to a glob pattern. In this example, it filters the list to include only files ending with '.js'.
const micromatch = require('micromatch');
const result = micromatch(['foo.js', 'bar.js'], '*.js');
console.log(result); // ['foo.js', 'bar.js']Negating glob patterns
Use negation patterns to exclude matches. This example matches all '.js' files but excludes 'foo.js'.
const micromatch = require('micromatch');
const result = micromatch(['foo.js', 'bar.js', 'baz.txt'], ['*.js', '!foo.js']);
console.log(result); // ['bar.js']Testing a filepath
Test a single filepath against a glob pattern to see if it matches. In this case, 'foobar.js' is a match for '*.js'.
const micromatch = require('micromatch');
const isMatch = micromatch.isMatch('foobar.js', '*.js');
console.log(isMatch); // trueExpanding braces
Expand braces in glob patterns to match multiple patterns. This example matches 'foo.js' and 'foo1.js' with a single pattern.
const micromatch = require('micromatch');
const result = micromatch(['foo.js', 'foo1.js'], 'foo{,1}.js');
console.log(result); // ['foo.js', 'foo1.js']Minimatch is a minimal matching utility that works with glob patterns. It is the matcher used internally by npm (at least at the time of writing), but it is slower and less feature-rich compared to micromatch.
Globby is a wrapper for fast-glob and supports multiple patterns. It provides a higher-level API for matching against file paths and is built on top of micromatch, offering additional features like file system operations.
Fast-glob is a fast implementation of glob functionality with a focus on performance. It provides a similar API to micromatch but includes additional features like returning file stats along with matched paths.
Node-glob is an older glob implementation for Node.js. It is callback-based and not as performant or modern as micromatch, but it has been widely used in the Node.js ecosystem.
Readme
Glob matching for javascript/node.js. A faster alternative to minimatch (10-45x faster on avg), with all the features you're used to using in your Grunt and gulp tasks.
Micromatch is 10-55x faster than minimatch, resulting from a combination of caching, tokenization, parsing, runtime compilation and regex optimization strategies.
['foo/*.js', '!bar.js']Supports
Mainstream glob features:
foo/bar-{1..5}.md, one/{two,three}/four.md)**/*, a/b/*.js, or ['foo/*.js', '!bar.js']Extended globbing features:
OR (foo/bar/(abc|xyz).js)foo/bar/baz-[1-5].js)**/[[:alpha:][:digit:]]/)**/+(x|y), !(a|b), etc)You can combine these to create whatever matching patterns you need.
npm i micromatch --save
var mm = require('micromatch');
mm(array, patterns);
Examples
mm(['a.js', 'b.md', 'c.txt'], '*.{js,txt}');
//=> ['a.js', 'c.txt']
Multiple patterns
Multiple patterns can also be passed:
mm(['a.md', 'b.js', 'c.txt', 'd.json'], ['*.md', '*.txt']);
//=> ['a.md', 'c.txt']
Negation patterns:
mm(['a.js', 'b.md', 'c.txt'], '!*.{js,txt}');
//=> ['b.md']
mm(['a.md', 'b.js', 'c.txt', 'd.json'], ['*.*', '!*.{js,txt}']);
//=> ['a.md', 'd.json']
Use
micromatch.isMatch()instead ofminimatch()
Minimatch
The main minimatch() function returns true/false for a single file path and pattern:
var minimatch = require('minimatch');
minimatch('foo.js', '*.js');
//=> 'true'
Micromatch
Use .isMatch() to get the same result:
var mm = require('micromatch');
mm.isMatch('foo.js', '*.js');
//=> 'true'
This implementation difference is necessary since the main micromatch() method supports matching on multiple globs, with behavior similar to multimatch.
var mm = require('micromatch');
mm.isMatch(filepath, globPattern);
Returns true if a file path matches the given glob pattern.
Example
mm.isMatch('.verb.md', '*.md');
//=> false
mm.isMatch('.verb.md', '*.md', {dot: true});
//=> true
Returns true if any part of a file path match the given glob pattern. Think of this is "has path" versus "is path".
Example
.isMatch() would return false for both of the following:
mm.contains('a/b/c', 'a/b');
//=> true
mm.contains('a/b/c', 'a/*');
//=> true
Returns a function for matching using the supplied pattern. e.g. create your own "matcher". The advantage of this method is that the pattern can be compiled outside of a loop.
Pattern
Can be any of the following:
glob/stringregexfunctionExample
var isMatch = mm.matcher('*.md');
var files = [];
['a.md', 'b.txt', 'c.md'].forEach(function(fp) {
if (isMatch(fp)) {
files.push(fp);
}
});
Returns a function for filtering files that match the given pattern.
Example
Both of the following signatures work:
var fn = mm.filter('*.md', {dot: true});
['a.js', 'b.txt', 'c.md', '.verb.md'].filter(fn);
//=> ['c.md', '.verb.md']
Returns true if a file path matches any of the given patterns.
mm.any(filepath, patterns, options);
Params
{String}: The file path to test.{String|Array}: One or more glob patterns{Object}: options to pass to the .matcher() method.Example
mm.any('abc', ['!*z']);
//=> true
mm.any('abc', ['a*', 'z*']);
//=> true
mm.any('abc', 'a*');
//=> true
mm.any('abc', ['z*']);
//=> false
Returns an object with a regex-compatible string and tokens.
mm.expand('*.js');
// when `track` is enabled (for debugging), the `history` array is used
// to record each mutation to the glob pattern as it's converted to regex
{ options: { track: false, dot: undefined, makeRe: true, negated: false },
pattern: '(.*\\/|^)bar\\/(?:(?!(?:^|\\/)\\.).)*?',
history: [],
tokens:
{ path:
{ whole: '**/bar/**',
dirname: '**/bar/',
filename: '**',
basename: '**',
extname: '',
ext: '' },
is:
{ glob: true,
negated: false,
globstar: true,
dotfile: false,
dotdir: false },
match: {},
original: '**/bar/**',
pattern: '**/bar/**',
base: '' } }
Create a regular expression for matching file paths based on the given pattern:
mm.makeRe('*.js');
//=> /^(?:(?!\.)(?=.)[^/]*?\.js)$/
All options should work the same way as minimatch.
Match dotfiles.
Type: {Boolean}
Default: false
Allow glob patterns without slashes to match a file path based on its basename.
Type: {Boolean}
Default: false
Example
mm(['a/b.js', 'a/c.md'], '*.js');
//=> []
mm(['a/b.js', 'a/c.md'], '*.js', {matchBase: true});
//=> ['a/b.js']
Don't expand braces in glob patterns.
Type: {Boolean}
Default: false
Use a case-insensitive regex for matching files.
Type: {Boolean}
Default: false
If true, when no matches are found the actual (array-ified) glob pattern is returned instead of an empty array.
Type: {Boolean}
Default: false
Cache the platform (e.g. win32) to prevent this from being looked up for every fil.
Type: {Boolean}
Default: true
Micromatch also supports the following.
Extended globbing as described by the bash man page:
| pattern | regex equivalent | description |
| --- | --- |
| ?(pattern-list) | (...|...)? | Matches zero or one occurrence of the given patterns |
| *(pattern-list) | (...|...)* | Matches zero or more occurrences of the given patterns |
| +(pattern-list) | (...|...)+ | Matches one or more occurrences of the given patterns |
| @(pattern-list) | (...|...) * | Matches one of the given patterns |
| !(pattern-list) | N/A | Matches anything except one of the given patterns |
* @ isn't a RegEx character.
In simple cases, brace expansion appears to work the same way as the logical OR operator. For example, (a|b) will achieve the same result as {a,b}.
Here are some powerful features unique to brace expansion (versus character classes):
a{1..3}b/*.js expands to: ['a1b/*.js', 'a2b/*.js', 'a3b/*.js']a{c,{d,e}}b/*.js expands to: ['acb/*.js', 'adb/*.js', 'aeb/*.js']Learn about brace expansion, or visit braces to ask questions and create an issue related to brace-expansion, or to see the full range of features and options related to brace expansion.
With the exception of brace expansion ({a,b}, {1..5}, etc), most of the special characters convert directly to regex, so you can expect them to follow the same rules and produce the same results as regex.
For example, given the list: ['a.js', 'b.js', 'c.js', 'd.js', 'E.js']:
[ac].js: matches both a and c, returning ['a.js', 'c.js'][b-d].js: matches from b to d, returning ['b.js', 'c.js', 'd.js'][b-d].js: matches from b to d, returning ['b.js', 'c.js', 'd.js']a/[A-Z].js: matches and uppercase letter, returning ['a/E.md']Learn about regex character classes.
Given ['a.js', 'b.js', 'c.js', 'd.js', 'E.js']:
(a|c).js: would match either a or c, returning ['a.js', 'c.js'](b|d).js: would match either b or d, returning ['b.js', 'd.js'](b|[A-Z]).js: would match either b or an uppercase letter, returning ['b.js', 'E.js']As with regex, parenthese can be nested, so patterns like ((a|b)|c)/b will work. But it might be easier to achieve your goal using brace expansion.
Run the benchmarks:
npm run benchmark
As of March 06, 2015:
#1: basename-braces.js
micromatch.js x 25,776 ops/sec ±0.68% (98 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 3,335 ops/sec ±1.09% (98 runs sampled)
#2: basename.js
micromatch.js x 24,676 ops/sec ±0.56% (95 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 4,908 ops/sec ±0.95% (97 runs sampled)
#3: braces-no-glob.js
micromatch.js x 473,492 ops/sec ±0.64% (96 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 27,705 ops/sec ±1.78% (91 runs sampled)
#4: braces.js
micromatch.js x 42,522 ops/sec ±0.63% (97 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 3,995 ops/sec ±1.36% (95 runs sampled)
#5: immediate.js
micromatch.js x 24,048 ops/sec ±0.72% (95 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 4,786 ops/sec ±1.40% (95 runs sampled)
#6: large.js
micromatch.js x 773 ops/sec ±0.62% (98 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 27.52 ops/sec ±0.66% (49 runs sampled)
#7: long.js
micromatch.js x 7,388 ops/sec ±0.64% (99 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 608 ops/sec ±0.95% (95 runs sampled)
#8: mid.js
micromatch.js x 41,193 ops/sec ±0.74% (99 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 2,724 ops/sec ±1.09% (97 runs sampled)
#9: multi-patterns.js
micromatch.js x 12,909 ops/sec ±0.71% (93 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 2,798 ops/sec ±1.45% (95 runs sampled)
#10: no-glob.js
micromatch.js x 430,787 ops/sec ±0.66% (98 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 47,222 ops/sec ±2.19% (86 runs sampled)
#11: range.js
micromatch.js x 474,561 ops/sec ±0.69% (97 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 10,819 ops/sec ±2.20% (88 runs sampled)
#12: shallow.js
micromatch.js x 239,098 ops/sec ±0.67% (96 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 27,782 ops/sec ±2.12% (92 runs sampled)
#13: short.js
micromatch.js x 707,905 ops/sec ±0.97% (97 runs sampled)
minimatch.js x 52,171 ops/sec ±2.45% (84 runs sampled)
Install dev dependencies.
npm i -d && npm test
Pull requests and stars are always welcome. For bugs and feature requests, please create an issue
Please be sure to run the benchmarks before/after any code changes to judge the impact before you do a PR. thanks!
true if the given string looks like a glob pattern.Jon Schlinkert
Copyright (c) 2014-2015 Jon Schlinkert
Released under the MIT license
This file was generated by verb-cli on March 06, 2015.
FAQs
Glob matching for javascript/node.js. A replacement and faster alternative to minimatch and multimatch.
We found that micromatch demonstrated a not healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released a year ago. It has 4 open source maintainers collaborating on the project.
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