zone.js
Advanced tools
Package description
The zone.js package is a library that implements Zones for JavaScript. Zones are execution contexts that allow you to intercept and keep track of asynchronous operations in JavaScript. This is particularly useful for debugging, performance tracking, and managing multiple tasks in complex applications such as Angular.
Error Handling
Intercepts errors within a specific zone and allows custom error handling.
Zone.current.fork({
name: 'errorHandlingZone',
onHandleError: (parentZoneDelegate, currentZone, targetZone, error) => {
console.error('Error intercepted in zone:', error);
return false;
}
}).run(() => {
throw new Error('Test Error');
});Execution Context Tracking
Tracks the scheduling and execution of asynchronous tasks, providing insights into the application's asynchronous flow.
Zone.current.fork({
name: 'trackingZone',
onScheduleTask: (delegate, currentZone, targetZone, task) => {
console.log('Task scheduled:', task.source);
return delegate.scheduleTask(targetZone, task);
}
}).run(() => {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log('Timeout callback executed.');
}, 1000);
});Performance Monitoring
Measures the time taken to execute asynchronous tasks, which can be used for performance analysis.
Zone.current.fork({
name: 'performanceMonitoringZone',
onInvokeTask: (delegate, currentZone, targetZone, task, applyThis, applyArgs) => {
const start = performance.now();
delegate.invokeTask(targetZone, task, applyThis, applyArgs);
const duration = performance.now() - start;
console.log('Task took:', duration, 'ms');
}
}).run(() => {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log('Timeout callback executed.');
}, 1000);
});async_hooks is a core Node.js module that provides an API to track asynchronous resources. Unlike zone.js, which works in both browser and Node.js environments, async_hooks is specific to Node.js. It offers a lower-level API compared to zone.js and requires more manual handling.
cls-hooked is a Node.js package that uses async_hooks to provide continuation-local storage (CLS). It allows you to set and get context across async operations, similar to how zones work. However, cls-hooked focuses on context propagation rather than the broader range of interception capabilities that zone.js offers.
continuation-local-storage is another Node.js package that provides CLS functionality. It predates cls-hooked and async_hooks, and it uses a different mechanism to track context. It is less performant than cls-hooked and has been largely superseded by it, but it serves a similar purpose to zone.js in terms of context management.
Readme
Implements Zones for JavaScript, inspired by Dart.
If you're using zone.js via unpkg (i.e. using
https://unpkg.com/zone.js) and you're using any of the following libraries, make sure you import them first
- 'newrelic' as it patches global.Promise before zone.js does
- 'async-listener' as it patches global.setTimeout, global.setInterval before zone.js does
- 'continuation-local-storage' as it uses async-listener
See the new API here.
Read up on Zone Primer.
A Zone is an execution context that persists across async tasks. You can think of it as thread-local storage for JavaScript VMs.
See this video from ng-conf 2014 for a detailed explanation:
zone.js patched most standard web APIs (such as DOM events, XMLHttpRequest, ...) and nodejs APIs
(EventEmitter, fs, ...), for more details, please see STANDARD-APIS.md.
We are adding support to some nonstandard APIs, such as MediaQuery and Notification. Please see NON-STANDARD-APIS.md for more details.
You can find some samples to describe how to use zone.js in SAMPLE.md.
zone.js patches the async APIs described above, but those patches will have some overhead. Starting from zone.js v0.8.9, you can choose which web API module you want to patch. For more details, please see MODULE.md.
There are several bundles under dist folder.
| Bundle | Summary |
|---|---|
| zone.js | the default bundle, contains the most used APIs such as setTimeout/Promise/EventTarget..., also this bundle supports all evergreen and legacy (IE/Legacy Firefox/Legacy Safari) Browsers |
| zone-evergreen.js | the bundle for evergreen browsers, doesn't include the patch for legacy browsers such as IE or old versions of Firefox/Safari |
| zone-legacy.js | the patch bundle for legacy browsers, only includes the patch for legacy browsers such as IE or old versions of Firefox/Safari. This bundle must be loaded after zone-evergreen.js, zone.js=zone-evergreen.js + zone-legacy.js |
| zone-testing.js | the bundle for zone testing support, including jasmine/mocha support and async/fakeAsync/sync test utilities |
| zone-externs.js | the API definitions for closure compiler |
And here are the additional optional patches not included in the main zone.js bundles
| Patch | Summary |
|---|---|
| webapis-media-query.js | patch for MediaQuery APIs |
| webapis-notification.js | patch for Notification APIs |
| webapis-rtc-peer-connection.js | patch for RTCPeerConnection APIs |
| webapis-shadydom.js | patch for Shady DOM APIs |
| zone-bluebird.js | patch for Bluebird APIs |
| zone-error.js | patch for Error Global Object, supports remove Zone StackTrace |
| zone-patch-canvas.js | patch for Canvas API |
| zone-patch-cordova.js | patch for Cordova API |
| zone-patch-electron.js | patch for Electron API |
| zone-patch-fetch.js | patch for Fetch API |
| zone-patch-jsonp.js | utility for jsonp API |
| zone-patch-resize-observer.js | patch for ResizeObserver API |
| zone-patch-rxjs.js | patch for rxjs API |
| zone-patch-rxjs-fake-async.js | patch for rxjs fakeasync test |
| zone-patch-socket-io.js | patch for socket-io |
| zone-patch-user-media.js | patch for UserMedia API |
MIT
FAQs
Zones for JavaScript
We found that zone.js demonstrated a healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released less than a year ago. It has 2 open source maintainers collaborating on the project.
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