@material/theme

Theme

This color palette comprises primary and secondary colors that can be used for illustration or to develop your brand colors.

MDC Theme is a foundational module that themes MDC Web components. The colors in this module are derived from three theme colors:

• Primary: the primary color used in your application, applies to a number of UI elements.
• Secondary: the secondary color used in your application, applies to a number of UI elements. (Previously called "accent".)
• Background: the background color for your application, aka the color on top of which your UI is drawn.

and five text styles:

• Primary: used for most text
• Secondary: used for text which is lower in the visual hierarchy
• Hint: used for text hints, such as those in text fields and labels
• Disabled: used for text in disabled components and content
• Icon: used for icons

A note about Primary and Secondary, don't confuse primary/secondary color with primary/secondary text. The former refers to the primary/secondary theme color that is used to establish a visual identity and color many parts of your application. The latter refers to the style of text that is most prominent (low opacity, high contrast), and used to display most content.

Some components can change their appearance when in a Dark Theme context, aka placed on top of a dark background. There are two ways to specify if a component is in a Dark Theme context. The first is to add mdc-theme--dark to a container element, which holds the component. The second way is to add <component_name>--theme-dark modifier class to the actual component element. For example, mdc-button--theme-dark would put the MDC Button in a Dark Theme context.

A note about Dark Theme context, don't confuse Dark Theme context with a component that has a dark color. Dark Theme context means the component sits on top of a dark background.

Design & API Documentation

• Material Design guidelines: Color
• Demo

Installation

npm install --save @material/theme

Usage

Change Theme Colors

MDC Theme makes it easy to develop your brand colors. You override the default theme color through Sass variables or CSS custom properties. CSS custom properties enables runtime theming.

A note about Sass variables, you need to define the three theme color variables before importing mdc-theme or any MDC-Web components that rely on it, like following:

$mdc-theme-primary: #9c27b0; // Purple 500
$mdc-theme-secondary: #ffab40; // Orange A200
$mdc-theme-background: #fff; // White

@import "@material/theme/mdc-theme";

A note about $mdc-theme-secondary: This variable was previously named $mdc-theme-accent. For backward compatibility, $mdc-theme-accent still exists, but it is deprecated. Apps that previously customized $mdc-theme-accent will continue to work, but new apps should use $mdc-theme-secondary instead.

MDC Theme also exposes light and dark variants of the primary and secondary colors. By default, these values are computed by lightening and darkening the main primary/secondary colors in Sass, but you can override them if desired:

$mdc-theme-primary-light: #ce93d8; // Purple 200
$mdc-theme-primary-dark: #6a1b9a; // Purple 800
$mdc-theme-secondary-light: #ffd180; // Orange A100
$mdc-theme-secondary-dark: #ff6d00; // Orange A700

@import "@material/theme/mdc-theme";

The text color, for text placed on top of these selected theme colors, is programmatically computed based on color contrast. We follow the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0.

https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20

CSS Custom Properties

A note about <TEXT_STYLE> and <THEME_COLOR>, <TEXT_STYLE> represents the lowercase name of the text styles listed above, e.g. hint. <THEME_COLOR> represents the lowercase name of the theme colors listed above, e.g. secondary. When you put it all together it would be --mdc-theme-text-hint-on-secondary.

CSS Custom property	Description
--mdc-theme-primary	The theme primary color
--mdc-theme-primary-light	The theme primary color (light variant)
--mdc-theme-primary-dark	The theme primary color (dark variant)
--mdc-theme-secondary	The theme secondary color
--mdc-theme-secondary-light	The theme secondary color (light variant)
--mdc-theme-secondary-dark	The theme secondary color (dark variant)
--mdc-theme-background	The theme background color
--mdc-theme-text-<TEXT_STYLE>-on-<THEME_COLOR>	Text color for TEXT_STYLE on top of THEME_COLOR background
--mdc-theme-text-<TEXT_STYLE>-on-light	Text color for TEXT_STYLE on top of light background
--mdc-theme-text-<TEXT_STYLE>-on-dark	Text color for TEXT_STYLE on top of dark background

CSS Classes

MDC-Web provides SASS mixins, such as mdc-button-filled-accessible, to facilitate customization of some components. For more information, consult the documentation for each component.

If you want to modify an element, which is not a Material Design component, you can apply the following modifier CSS classes.

A note about <TEXT_STYLE> and <THEME_COLOR>, <TEXT_STYLE> represents the lowercase name of the text styles listed above, e.g. hint. <THEME_COLOR> represents the lowercase name of the theme colors listed above, e.g. secondary. When you put it all together it would be mdc-theme--text-hint-on-secondary.

CSS Class	Description
mdc-theme--primary	Sets the text color to the theme primary color
mdc-theme--primary-light	Sets the text color to the theme primary color (light variant)
mdc-theme--primary-dark	Sets the text color to the theme primary color (dark variant)
mdc-theme--secondary	Sets the text color to the theme secondary color
mdc-theme--secondary-light	Sets the text color to the theme secondary color (light variant)
mdc-theme--secondary-dark	Sets the text color to the theme secondary color (dark variant)
mdc-theme--background	Sets the background color to the theme background color
mdc-theme--primary-bg	Sets the background color to the theme primary color
mdc-theme--primary-light-bg	Sets the background color to the theme primary color (light variant)
mdc-theme--primary-dark-bg	Sets the background color to the theme primary color (dark variant)
mdc-theme--secondary-bg	Sets the background color to the theme secondary color
mdc-theme--secondary-light-bg	Sets the background color to the theme secondary color (light variant)
mdc-theme--secondary-dark-bg	Sets the background color to the theme secondary color (dark variant)
mdc-theme--text-<TEXT_STYLE>-on-<THEME_COLOR>	Sets text to a suitable color for TEXT_STYLE on top of THEME_COLOR background
mdc-theme--text-<TEXT_STYLE>-on-light	Sets text to a suitable color for TEXT_STYLE on top of light background
mdc-theme--text-<TEXT_STYLE>-on-dark	Sets text to a suitable color for TEXT_STYLE on top of dark background

Sass Mixins, Variables, and Functions

Mixin	Description
mdc-theme-prop($property, $style, $important, $edgeOptOut)	Applies a theme color or a custom color to a CSS property, optionally with !important. If $edgeOptOut is true and a theme color is passed, the style will be wrapped in a @supports clause to exclude the style in Edge to avoid issues with its buggy CSS variable support.
mdc-theme-dark($root-selector, $compound)	Creates a rule that is applied when the current selector is within an Dark Theme context

mdc-theme-dark($root-selector, $compound)

Creates a rule that is applied when the current selector is within an Dark Theme context. If you are using the mixin on anything other than the base selector of the component, e.g. .mdc-button, you need to specify $root-selector as the base selector as a parameter. You can also specify $compound to true if the the current selector is a compound selector with the base selector, e.g. a modifier class to the component root element.

mdc-theme-prop Properties

The properties below can be used as the $style argument for the mdc-theme-prop mixin. Literal color values (e.g., rgba(0, 0, 0, .75)) may also be used instead.

A note about <TEXT_STYLE> and <THEME_COLOR>, <TEXT_STYLE> represents the lowercase name of the text styles listed above, e.g. hint. <THEME_COLOR> represents the lowercase name of the theme colors listed above, e.g. secondary. When you put it all together it would be text-hint-on-secondary.

Property Name	Description
primary	The theme primary color
primary-light	The theme primary color (light variant)
primary-dark	The theme primary color (dark variant)
secondary	The theme secondary color
secondary-light	The theme secondary color (light variant)
secondary-dark	The theme secondary color (dark variant)
background	The theme background color
text-<TEXT_STYLE>-on-<THEME_COLOR>	TEXT_STYLE on top of THEME_COLOR background
text-<TEXT_STYLE>-on-light	TEXT_STYLE on top of a light background
text-<TEXT_STYLE>-on-dark	TEXT_STYLE on top of a dark background

mdc-theme-luminance($color)

Calculates the luminance value (0 - 1) of a given color.

@debug mdc-theme-luminance(#9c27b0); // 0.11654

mdc-theme-contrast($back, $front)

Calculates the contrast ratio between two colors.

@debug mdc-theme-contrast(#9c27b0, #000); // 3.33071

mdc-theme-tone($color)

Determines whether the given color is "light" or "dark".

If the input color is a string literal equal to "light" or "dark", it will be returned verbatim.

@debug mdc-theme-tone(#9c27b0); // dark
@debug mdc-theme-tone(light);   // light

mdc-theme-contrast-tone($color)

Determines whether to use light or dark text on top of a given color.

@debug mdc-theme-contrast-tone(#9c27b0); // light

mdc-theme-light-variant($color) and mdc-theme-dark-variant($color)

Function	Description
mdc-theme-dark-variant($color, $num-indexes)	Darken a color by a certain number of indexes within its tonal palette
mdc-theme-light-variant($color, $num-indexes)	Lighten a color by a certain number of indexes within its tonal palette

Both functions are luminance-aware, and will always return a color that is visually distinct from both the input color and the other function.

That is, if the color passed to mdc-theme-dark-variant() is already so dark that darkening it by the requested amount would return #000000, the function will lighten the color instead.

Similarly, if the color passed to mdc-theme-light-variant() is already so light that lightening it by the requested amount would return #ffffff, the function will darken the color instead.

To avoid having both functions return the same color in cases of extremely high or low input luminance, mdc-theme-dark-variant() will return a color that is twice (×2) as dark as requested when the input is already very light. Likewise, mdc-theme-light-variant() will return a color that is twice (×2) as light as requested when the input is already very dark. This ensures that the light variant will always be lighter than the dark variant.

mdc-theme-prop-value($property)

If $property is a literal color value (e.g., blue, #fff), it is returned verbatim. Otherwise, the value of the corresponding theme property (from $mdc-theme-property-values) is returned. If $property is not a color and no such theme property exists, an error is thrown.

This is mainly useful in situations where mdc-theme-prop cannot be used directly (e.g., box-shadow).

Unlike the mdc-theme-prop mixin, this function does not support CSS custom properties. It only returns the raw color value of the specified theme property.

NOTE: This function is defined in _variables.scss instead of _functions.scss to avoid circular imports.

@debug mdc-theme-prop-value(primary); // #3f51b5
@debug mdc-theme-prop-value(blue);    // blue

mdc-theme-accessible-ink-color($fill-color, $text-style: primary)

Returns an accessible ink color that has sufficient contrast against the given fill color.

Params:

• $fill-color: Supports the same values as mdc-theme-prop-value
• $text-style: Value must be one of primary, secondary, hint, disabled, icon (see $mdc-theme-text-colors)

NOTE: This function is defined in _variables.scss instead of _functions.scss to avoid circular imports.

@debug mdc-theme-accessible-ink-color(secondary); // rgba(0, 0, 0, .87) (text-primary-on-light)
@debug mdc-theme-accessible-ink-color(blue);      // white              (text-primary-on-dark)