dev-error-explainers

dev-error-explainers

Paste an error. Get a deterministic explanation.

No LLM · no API · no network · no telemetry

npm run build 2>&1 | npx dev-error-explainers

npm install dev-error-explainers

import { detect, explainEsmCjs } from 'dev-error-explainers';
const error = 'Error [ERR_REQUIRE_ESM]: require() of ES Module /app/node_modules/node-fetch/src/index.js from /app/index.js not supported.';
console.log(detect(error));
const { findings } = explainEsmCjs({ error, nodeVersion: '20.10.0' });
console.log(findings[0].title, findings[0].fixes.map((f) => f.title));

Output:

[ 'esm-cjs-explainer' ]
ERR_REQUIRE_ESM — require() of an ES module [
  'Upgrade Node.js (you are on 20.10.0)',
  'Use dynamic import() from CommonJS',
  'Convert the calling file to ESM'
]

Seven small, pure JavaScript modules with zero dependencies. Each one recognises the exact error text a developer pastes (from the browser console, npm, next build, curl -I, a Node.js stack trace…), explains why it happens, and returns concrete fixes with a link to the primary source where one exists (MDN, the Node.js docs, the npm docs, the PostgreSQL docs, the Supabase docs…). The same engine runs as a library, a CLI, a GitHub Action and an MCP server.

Secrets: the CLI, the Action and the MCP server pass the input through redact() before it is analysed, with one exception: the DATABASE_URL doctor reads the raw postgres:// line (a password's exact characters decide the diagnosis), and never prints that password. Used directly as a library, six of the seven modules mask what looks like a secret before echoing it back; the build-error decoder does not — it quotes the matching lines of your build output as they are. Redaction has limits: see what it does not catch.

Six of them power the free tools on iloveblogs.blog/tools, where you can try each one in the browser.

Module	Main export (dev-error-explainers)	What it explains	Try it live
cors-error-explainer	diagnoseCors	Chrome / Firefox / Safari "blocked by CORS policy" errors: missing or wrong Access-Control-Allow-* headers, preflight failures, credentials, mixed content — with a fix for your stack	CORS Error Explainer
esm-cjs-explainer	explainEsmCjs	ERR_REQUIRE_ESM, "Cannot use import statement outside a module", "exports is not defined in ES module scope", ERR_UNKNOWN_FILE_EXTENSION ".ts", ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND, ERR_PACKAGE_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED — aware of your Node.js version	ESM/CJS Error Explainer
npm-eresolve-explainer	analyseEresolveLog	npm ERR! ERESOLVE peer-dependency conflicts: who asks for which range, what is installed, and why they do not intersect	npm ERESOLVE Explainer
chunk-cache-explainer	diagnoseChunkCache	ChunkLoadError / "Loading chunk failed" after a deploy: reads your response headers and finds the stale HTML, the CDN cache hit or the SPA fallback	ChunkLoadError Cache Checker
database-url-doctor	diagnoseDatabaseUrl	Postgres / Supabase connection strings: pooler vs direct, port 5432 vs 6543, pgbouncer, SSL, unencoded password characters — with a corrected URL for Prisma, Drizzle, pg or psql	DATABASE_URL Doctor
build-error-decoder	decodeBuildError	Failing next build / next dev output: Suspense bailouts, dynamic server usage, window is not defined, hydration mismatches, module resolution, heap out of memory, EADDRINUSE…	Next.js Build Error Decoder
database-connection-explainer	explainDatabaseConnection	"Can't connect to the database" from Node.js apps on PostgreSQL: ECONNREFUSED (including ::1 localhost), ETIMEDOUT, ENOTFOUND, Prisma P1000 / P1001 / P1017, password authentication failed, no pg_hba.conf entry, too many clients, self-signed certificates. Generic network codes are only diagnosed next to a Postgres signal	No browser tool yet — rules and sources

Evidence: most findings cite the primary source they were checked against. The build-error decoder has no primary-source URL; its links point to articles on the author's site, iloveblogs.blog.

Node.js 20 or later. ES modules only.

Usage

Everything is available from the package root, and each module can also be imported on its own:

import { diagnose } from 'dev-error-explainers/cors-error-explainer';

const r = diagnose({
  error: "Access to fetch at 'https://api.example.com/data' from origin 'http://localhost:3000' has been blocked by CORS policy: No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource.",
});
r.isCorsProblem; // true
r.findings;      // what is wrong, why, and the source
r.fix;           // a fix for the detected (or guessed) stack

import {
  analyseEresolveLog, diagnoseDatabaseUrl, diagnoseChunkCache, decodeBuildError, explainDatabaseConnection,
} from 'dev-error-explainers';

analyseEresolveLog(npmOutput);                                        // { detected, code, conflicts: [...] }
diagnoseDatabaseUrl(process.env.DATABASE_URL, { client: 'prisma' }); // { ok, kind, findings, corrected }
diagnoseChunkCache({ htmlHeaders, chunkHeaders });                    // headers from `curl -I`
decodeBuildError(nextBuildOutput);                                    // matched rules, most severe first
explainDatabaseConnection({ error: stackTrace });                     // { recognised, findings, related }

detect(text)

Returns the names of the modules that recognise text, in a fixed order, or []. Each module is asked through its own recogniser — detect adds no heuristics of its own. Note that chunk-cache-explainer reads HTTP response headers (the output of curl -I), not the ChunkLoadError message itself; the message alone is recognised by build-error-decoder.

JSON contract

Every module has its own result shape. diagnose(text) maps all of them onto one shape with stable rule ids, after redacting the input — the shape the CLI prints with --json, the GitHub Action renders and the MCP server returns:

import { diagnose } from 'dev-error-explainers'; // or 'dev-error-explainers/contract'

diagnose('FATAL:  password authentication failed for user "andym"');
// { version: '0.1', matched: true, redactions: 0,
//   results: [{ rule: 'database-connection.password-auth-failed', family: 'database-connection',
//               severity: 'critical', confidence: 'high', title, cause, fixes, evidence, module }] }

Unknown input gives { matched: false, results: [] } — never a closest guess. The shape, the full rule table, the confidence semantics and the redaction limits are in docs/CONTRACT.md. A public corpus of real pasted errors with their expected results lives in fixtures/, each case with its source. redact(text) is exported too (dev-error-explainers/redact).

CLI

Pipe a failing command into it, or pass a log file. Nothing is sent anywhere.

npm run build 2>&1 | npx dev-error-explainers
npx dev-error-explainers < error.log
npx dev-error-explainers --text "Error [ERR_REQUIRE_ESM]: require() of ES Module …" --node 18.17.0
npx dev-error-explainers --json < error.log     # the contract result (docs/CONTRACT.md)

Flags: --only cors|esm|eresolve|build|database-url|database-connection|chunk-cache, --json, --node <version>, --client prisma|drizzle|pg|psql, --html-headers <file> --chunk-headers <file>, --help, --version. npx dev-error-explainers mcp starts the MCP server.

Exit codes: 0 an error was recognised, 2 nothing recognised (nothing is guessed), 64 usage error. A connection string is always printed with its password masked.

Use it in CI (GitHub Action)

When a step fails, the Action reads the log you saved from it and writes the cause and the fix to the job summary, with annotations on the file and line when the log names a file in your checkout. No network, no LLM, no token.

      - name: Build
        id: build
        continue-on-error: true      # let the explain step run…
        shell: bash
        run: |
          set -o pipefail
          npm run build 2>&1 | tee build.log

      - name: Explain the failure
        if: steps.build.outcome == 'failure'
        uses: mahdibrr/dev-error-explainers@v0
        with:
          log-file: build.log

      - name: Fail the job if the build failed
        if: steps.build.outcome == 'failure'
        run: exit 1                  # …then keep the job red

Inputs, outputs and why pipefail and steps.build.outcome matter: docs/ACTION.md.

Use it from your AI assistant (MCP)

An MCP server with one tool, explain_error, so an assistant can check a pasted error against the documented cause before it guesses. Offline and deterministic; unrecognised input is reported as such. Claude Code:

claude mcp add dev-error-explainers -- npx -y -p dev-error-explainers dev-error-explainers-mcp

Claude Desktop, Cursor, VS Code and the protocol details: docs/MCP.md.

Use it in Claude Code (plugin: skill + MCP)

The repository is also a Claude Code plugin marketplace. The plugin bundles the MCP server and a skill that tells Claude when to call it:

/plugin marketplace add mahdibrr/dev-error-explainers
/plugin install dev-error-explainers@dev-error-explainers

Principles

• Deterministic. The same input always gives the same answer; the rules are tested against real error text (Stack Overflow questions, GitHub issues, framework output).
• Offline. Nothing is sent anywhere: the input never leaves the process.
• Cited where possible. Findings link to the documentation that states the rule, where one exists — not every rule cites a source.
• Honest about unknowns. An error the module does not recognise is reported as not recognised, never guessed.

Tests

npm install
npm test

CI runs the suite on Node.js 20, 22 and 24.

Contributing

Unrecognised error? Open an issue with the exact text. Paste the error as printed, the command that produced it, and the tool versions. A new rule needs a test built from a real error. A diagnosis that is wrong is a bug too — there is a separate template for that.

License

MIT