gremlin

gremlin-javascript

A WebSocket JavaScript client for TinkerPop3 Gremlin Server. Works in Node.js and modern browsers.

Installation

npm install gremlin --save

Quick start

import { createClient } from 'gremlin';

const client = createClient();

client.execute('g.V().has("name", name)', { name: 'Alice' }, (err, results) => {
  if (err) {
    return console.error(err)
  }

  console.log(results);
});

Using ES2015/2016

import { createClient, makeTemplateTag } from 'gremlin';

const client = createClient();
const gremlin = makeTemplateTag(client);

const fetchByName = async (name) => {
  const users = await gremlin`g.V().has('name', ${name})`;
  console.log(users);
}

fetchByName('Alice');

Experimental: JavaScript Gremlin language variant

This library has partial support for Gremlin-JavaScript language variant. It currently sends Groovy strings (rather than bytecode) and automatically escapes primitives. However, it does not support sending anonymous functions. Under the hood, it serializes Traversal to Groovy using an early version of zer.

The following works with a recent version of Node.js (tested with v7.6.0):

import { createClient, statics } from 'gremlin';

const client = createClient();
const g = client.traversalSource();
const { both } = statics;

// And then, within any async function:

const results = await g.V().repeat(both('created')).times(2).toPromise();
// results.length === 16;

Usage

Creating a new client

// Assuming Node.js or Browser environment with browserify:
import Gremlin from 'gremlin';

// Will open a WebSocket to ws://localhost:8182 by default
const client = Gremlin.createClient();

This is a shorthand for:

const client = Gremlin.createClient(8182, 'localhost');

If you want to use Gremlin Server sessions, you can set the session argument as true in the options object:

const client = Gremlin.createClient(8182, 'localhost', { session: true });

The options object currently allows you to set the following options:

• session: whether to use sessions or not (default: false)
• language: the script engine to use on the server, see your gremlin-server.yaml file (default: "gremlin-groovy")
• op (advanced usage): The name of the "operation" to execute based on the available OpProcessor (default: "eval")
• processor (advanced usage): The name of the OpProcessor to utilize (default: "")
• accept (advanced usage): mime type of returned responses, depending on the serializer (default: "application/json")
• path: a custom URL connection path if connecting to a Gremlin server behind a WebSocket proxy

Executing Gremlin queries

The client currently supports three modes:

• callback mode (with internal buffer)
• promise mode
• streaming moderesults
• streaming protocol messages (low level API, for advanced usages)

Callback mode: client.execute(script, bindings, message, callback)

Will execute the provided callback when all results are actually returned from the server.

client.execute('g.V()', (err, results) => {
  if (!err) {
    console.log(results) // notice how results is *always* an array
  }
});

The client will internally concatenate all partial results returned over different messages (depending on the total number of results and the value of resultIterationBatchSize set in your .yaml file).

When the client receives the final statusCode: 299 message, the callback will be executed.

Promise/template mode: Gremlin.makeTemplateTag(client);

The EcmaScript2015 specification added support for Promise and tagged template literals to JavaScript. Gremlin client leverages these features and offers an alternative way to execute Gremlin queries.

makeTemplateTag(client) will return a template function, or 'tag', bound to a given Gremlin client instance. Calling that template will return a Promise of execution of the given script using the registered client, while simultaneously escaping all parameters for performance and security concerns.

import { createClient, makeTemplateTag } from 'gremlin';

const client = createClient();
const gremlin = makeTemplateTag(client);

gremlin`g.V().has('name', ${name})` // template tag that returns a Promise
  .then((vertices) => {
    console.log(vertices)
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    // Something went wrong
  })

For easier debugging, you can also preview the raw query sent to Gremlin server:

const name = 'Bob';
const { query } = gremlin`g.V().has('name', ${name})`;
console.log(query);
// output:
//   { gremlin: 'g.V().has(\'name\', p1)', bindings: { p1: 'Bob' } }

Because the gremlin template literal returns a Promise, it can be used in conjunction with the async function proposal from ES2016 to execute Gremlin queries with a shortened syntax:

const fetchByName = async (name) => {
  const users = await gremlin`g.V().has('name', ${name})`;
  console.log(users);
}

fetchByName('Alice');

Stream mode

client.stream(script, bindings, message)

Return a Node.js ReadableStream set in Object mode. The stream emits a distinct data event per query result returned by Gremlin Server.

Internally, a 1-level flatten is performed on all raw protocol messages returned. If you do not wish this behavior and prefer handling raw protocol messages with batched results, prefer using client.messageStream().

The order in which results are returned is guaranteed, allowing you to effectively use order steps and the like in your Gremlin traversal.

The stream emits an end event when the client receives the last statusCode: 299 message returned by Gremlin Server.

const query = client.stream('g.V()');

// If playing with classic TinkerPop graph, will emit 6 data events
query.on('data', (result) => {
  // Handle first vertex
  console.log(result);
});

query.on('end', () => {
  console.log('All results fetched');
});

This allows you to effectively .pipe() the stream to any other Node.js WritableStream/TransformStream.

client.messageStream(script, bindings, message)

A lower level method that returns a ReadableStream which emits the raw protocol messages returned by Gremlin Server as distinct data events.

If you wish a higher-level stream of results rather than protocol messages, please use client.stream().

Although a public method, this is recommended for advanced usages only.

const client = Gremlin.createClient();

const stream = client.messageStream('g.V()');

// Will emit 3 events with a resultIterationBatchSize set to 2 and classic graph defined in gremlin-server.yaml
stream.on('data', (message) => {
  console.log(message.result); // Array of 2 vertices
});

Adding bound parameters to your scripts

For better performance and security concerns (script injection), you must send bound parameters (bindings) with your scripts.

client.execute(), client.stream() and client.messageStream() share the same function signature: (script, bindings, querySettings).

Notes/Gotchas:

• Any bindings set to undefined will be automatically escaped with null values (first-level only) in order to generate a valid JSON string sent to Gremlin Server.
• You cannot use bindings whose names collide with Gremlin reserved keywords (statically imported variables), such as id, label and key (see https://github.com/jbmusso/gremlin-javascript/issues/23). This is a TinkerPop3 Gremlin Server limitation. Workarounds: vid, eid, userId, etc.

(String, Object) signature

const client = Gremlin.createClient();

client.execute('g.v(vid)', { vid: 1 }, (err, results) => {
  console.log(results[0]) // notice how results is always an array
});

(Object) signature

Expects an Object as first argument with a gremlin property holding a String and a bindings property holding an Object of bound parameters.

const client = Gremlin.createClient();
const query = {
  gremlin: 'g.V(vid)',
  bindings: {
    vid: 1
  }
}

client.execute(query, (err, results) => {
  console.log(results[0])
});

Overriding low level settings on a per request basis

For advanced usage, for example if you wish to set the op or processor values for a given request only, you may wish to override the client level settings in the raw message sent to Gremlin Server:

client.execute('g.v(1)', null, { args: { language: 'nashorn' }}, (err, results) => {
  // Handle result
});

Basically, all you have to do is provide an Object as third parameter to any client.stream(), client.execute() or client.streamMessage() methods.

Because we're not sending any bound parameters (bindings) in this example, notice how the second argument must be set to null so the low level message object is not mistaken with bound arguments.

If you wish to also send bound parameters while overriding the low level message, you can do the following:

client.execute('g.v(vid)', { vid: 1 }, { args: { language: 'nashorn' }}, (err, results) => {
  // Handle err and results
});

Or in stream mode:

client.stream('g.v(vid)', { vid: 1 }, { args: { language: 'nashorn' }})
  .pipe(/* ... */);

Gremlin.bindForClient()

Given a map of functions returning query Objects ({ gremlin, bindings }), returns a map of function promising execution of these queries with the given Gremlin client.

This function is especially useful when used with gremlin-loader, a Webpack loader which imports functions from .groovy files as Object<String, Functions> where each functions returns query Objects that need to be executed with a client.

import { bindForClient, createClient } from 'gremlin';

// A function returning a Gremlin query object { gremlin, bindings }
const getByName = (name) => ({
  gremlin: 'g.V().has("name", name)',
  bindings: { name }
});

const client = createClient();
const queries = bindForClient(client, { getByName });

// Then, within an async function:
const users = await queries.getByName('Alice');

Using Gremlin-JavaScript syntax with Nashorn

Please see [/docs/UsingNashorn.md](Using Nashorn).

Running the Examples

Start your own Gremlin Server with the default TinkerPop graph loaded by using scripts: [scripts/generate-classic.groovy] in your gremlin-server.yaml config file.

Node.js

To run the command line example:

npm run examples:node

Browser

Build library:

npm run build:umd

Start the example server (listens on port 3000):

npm run examples:browser

Open http://localhost:3000/examples/gremlin.html for an example on how a list of six vertices is being populated as the vertices are being streamed down from Gremlin Server.

To do list

• better error handling
• emit more client events
• reconnect WebSocket if connection is lost
• add option for secure WebSocket
• more tests
• performance optimization

License

MIT(LICENSE)