jquery

What is jquery?

The jQuery npm package is a fast, small, and feature-rich JavaScript library. It makes things like HTML document traversal and manipulation, event handling, and animation much simpler with an easy-to-use API that works across a multitude of browsers. With a combination of versatility and extensibility, jQuery has changed the way that millions of people write JavaScript.

What are jquery's main functionalities?

DOM Traversal and Manipulation

Easily select and manipulate HTML elements. This code changes the text of all paragraph elements to 'Hello World'.

$( 'p' ).text( 'Hello World' );

Event Handling

Quickly handle events like clicks. This code sets up an alert to be displayed when any button is clicked.

$( 'button' ).click( function() { alert( 'Button clicked!' ); } );

Animation

Perform animations on elements. This code makes a div element slide up slowly.

$( 'div' ).slideUp( 'slow' );

AJAX

Facilitate asynchronous HTTP (Ajax) requests. This code fetches the content of test.html and inserts it into the body of the current page.

$.ajax({ url: 'test.html', success: function(data) { $( 'body' ).html( data ); } });

Other packages similar to jquery

zepto

Zepto is a minimalist JavaScript library for modern browsers with a largely jQuery-compatible API. It's smaller in size compared to jQuery but does not support as many browsers.

cash

Cash is an absurdly small jQuery alternative for modern browsers. It provides jQuery-style syntax for manipulating the DOM, handling events, and making AJAX requests, but with a smaller footprint.

mootools

MooTools is a collection of JavaScript utilities designed for the intermediate to advanced JavaScript developer. It allows you to write powerful and flexible code with its elegant, well documented, and coherent API. MooTools code is extensively documented and easy to read, which is a strong point compared to jQuery.

README

jQuery - New Wave JavaScript

Contribution Guides

In the spirit of open source software development, jQuery always encourages community code contribution. To help you get started and before you jump into writing code, be sure to read these important contribution guidelines thoroughly:

1. Getting Involved
2. Core Style Guide
3. Tips For Bug Patching

What you need to build your own jQuery

In order to build jQuery, you need to have Node.js/npm latest and git 1.7 or later. (Earlier versions might work OK, but are not tested.)

Windows users have two options:

1. Install msysgit (Full installer for official Git) and a binary version of Node.js. Make sure all two packages are installed to the same location (by default, this is C:\Program Files\Git).
2. Install Cygwin (make sure you install the git and which packages), and a binary version of Node.js.

Mac OS users should install Xcode (comes on your Mac OS install DVD, or downloadable from Apple's Xcode site) and Homebrew. Once Homebrew is installed, run brew install git to install git, and brew install node to install Node.js.

Linux/BSD users should use their appropriate package managers to install git and Node.js, or build from source if you swing that way. Easy-peasy.

How to build your own jQuery

First, clone a copy of the main jQuery git repo by running:

git clone git://github.com/jquery/jquery.git

Enter the directory and install the Node dependencies:

cd jquery && npm install

Make sure you have grunt installed by testing:

grunt -version

Then, to get a complete, minified (w/ Uglify.js), linted (w/ JSHint) version of jQuery, type the following:

grunt

The built version of jQuery will be put in the dist/ subdirectory.

Modules (new in 1.8)

Starting in jQuery 1.8, special builds can now be created that optionally exclude or include any of the following modules:

• ajax
• css
• dimensions
• effects
• offset

Before creating a custom build for use in production, be sure to check out the latest stable version:

git pull; git checkout $(git describe --abbrev=0 --tags)

Then, make sure all Node dependencies are installed and all Git submodules are checked out:

npm install && grunt

To create a custom build, use the following special grunt commands:

Exclude ajax:

grunt custom:-ajax

Exclude css:

grunt custom:-css

Exclude deprecated:

grunt custom:-deprecated

Exclude dimensions:

grunt custom:-dimensions

Exclude effects:

grunt custom:-effects

Exclude offset:

grunt custom:-offset

Exclude all optional modules:

grunt custom:-ajax,-css,-deprecated,-dimensions,-effects,-offset

Note: dependencies will be handled internally, by the build process.

Running the Unit Tests

Start grunt to auto-build jQuery as you work:

cd jquery && grunt watch

Run the unit tests with a local server that supports PHP. No database is required. Pre-configured php local servers are available for Windows and Mac. Here are some options:

• Windows: WAMP download
• Mac: MAMP download
• Linux: Setting up LAMP
• Mongoose (most platforms)

Building to a different directory

If you want to build jQuery to a directory that is different from the default location:

grunt && grunt dist:/path/to/special/location/

With this example, the output files would be:

/path/to/special/location/jquery.js
/path/to/special/location/jquery.min.js

If you want to add a permanent copy destination, create a file in dist/ called ".destination.json". Inside the file, paste and customize the following:

{
  "/Absolute/path/to/other/destination": true
}

Additionally, both methods can be combined.

Updating Submodules

Update the submodules to what is probably the latest upstream code.

grunt update_submodules

Note: This task will also be run any time the default grunt command is used.

Git for dummies

As the source code is handled by the version control system Git, it's useful to know some features used.

Submodules

The repository uses submodules, which normally are handled directly by the grunt update_submodules command, but sometimes you want to be able to work with them manually.

Following are the steps to manually get the submodules:

git clone https://github.com/jquery/jquery.git
cd jquery
git submodule init
git submodule update

Or:

git clone https://github.com/jquery/jquery.git
cd jquery
git submodule update --init

Or:

git clone --recursive https://github.com/jquery/jquery.git
cd jquery

If you want to work inside a submodule, it is possible, but first you need to checkout a branch:

cd src/sizzle
git checkout master

After you've committed your changes to the submodule, you'll update the jquery project to point to the new commit, but remember to push the submodule changes before pushing the new jquery commit:

cd src/sizzle
git push origin master
cd ..
git add src/sizzle
git commit

cleaning

If you want to purge your working directory back to the status of upstream, following commands can be used (remember everything you've worked on is gone after these):

git reset --hard upstream/master
git clean -fdx

rebasing

For feature/topic branches, you should always used the --rebase flag to git pull, or if you are usually handling many temporary "to be in a github pull request" branches, run following to automate this:

git config branch.autosetuprebase local

(see man git-config for more information)

handling merge conflicts

If you're getting merge conflicts when merging, instead of editing the conflicted files manually, you can use the feature git mergetool. Even though the default tool xxdiff looks awful/old, it's rather useful.

Following are some commands that can be used there:

• Ctrl + Alt + M - automerge as much as possible
• b - jump to next merge conflict
• s - change the order of the conflicted lines
• u - undo an merge
• left mouse button - mark a block to be the winner
• middle mouse button - mark a line to be the winner
• Ctrl + S - save
• Ctrl + Q - quit

QUnit Reference

Test methods

expect( numAssertions );
stop();
start();

note: QUnit's eventual addition of an argument to stop/start is ignored in this test suite so that start and stop can be passed as callbacks without worrying about their parameters

Test assertions

ok( value, [message] );
equal( actual, expected, [message] );
notEqual( actual, expected, [message] );
deepEqual( actual, expected, [message] );
notDeepEqual( actual, expected, [message] );
strictEqual( actual, expected, [message] );
notStrictEqual( actual, expected, [message] );
raises( block, [expected], [message] );

Test Suite Convenience Methods Reference (See test/data/testinit.js)

Returns an array of elements with the given IDs

q( ... );

Example:

q("main", "foo", "bar");

=> [ div#main, span#foo, input#bar ]

Asserts that a selection matches the given IDs

t( testName, selector, [ "array", "of", "ids" ] );

Example:

t("Check for something", "//[a]", ["foo", "baar"]);

Fires a native DOM event without going through jQuery

fireNative( node, eventType )

Example:

fireNative( jQuery("#elem")[0], "click" );

Add random number to url to stop caching

url( "some/url.php" );

Example:

url("data/test.html");

=> "data/test.html?10538358428943"


url("data/test.php?foo=bar");

=> "data/test.php?foo=bar&10538358345554"

Load tests in an iframe

Loads a given page constructing a url with fileName: "./data/" + fileName + ".html" and fires the given callback on jQuery ready (using the jQuery loading from that page) and passes the iFrame's jQuery to the callback.

testIframe( fileName, testName, callback );

Callback arguments:

callback( jQueryFromIFrame, iFrameWindow, iFrameDocument );

Load tests in an iframe (window.iframeCallback)

Loads a given page constructing a url with fileName: "./data/" + fileName + ".html" The given callback is fired when window.iframeCallback is called by the page The arguments passed to the callback are the same as the arguments passed to window.iframeCallback, whatever that may be

testIframeWithCallback( testName, fileName, callback );

Questions?

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask on the Developing jQuery Core forum or in #jquery on irc.freenode.net.