minimalistic couchdb driver for node.js
nano features:
nano.npm install nanoto use nano you need to connect it to your couchdb install, to do that:
var nano = require('nano')('http://localhost:5984');
to create a new database:
nano.db.create('alice');
and to use it:
var alice = nano.db.use('alice');
in this examples we didn't specify a callback function, the absence of a
callback means "do this, ignore what happens".
in nano the callback function receives always three arguments:
err - the error, if anybody - the http response body from couchdb, if no error.
json parsed body, binary for non json responsesheader - the http response header from couchdb, if no errora simple but complete example using callbacks is:
var nano = require('nano')('http://localhost:5984');
// clean up the database we created previously
nano.db.destroy('alice', function() {
// create a new database
nano.db.create('alice', function() {
// specify the database we are going to use
var alice = nano.use('alice');
// and insert a document in it
alice.insert({ crazy: true }, 'rabbit', function(err, body, header) {
if (err) {
console.log('[alice.insert] ', err.message);
return;
}
console.log('you have inserted the rabbit.')
console.log(body);
});
});
});
if you run this example(after starting couchdb) you will see:
you have inserted the rabbit.
{ ok: true,
id: 'rabbit',
rev: '1-6e4cb465d49c0368ac3946506d26335d' }
you can also see your document in futon.
configuring nano to use your database server is as simple as:
var nano = require('nano')('http://localhost:5984')
, db = nano.use('foo')
;
however if you don't need to instrument database objects you can simply:
// nano parses the url and knows this is a database
var db = require('nano')('http://localhost:5984/foo');
you can also pass options to the require:
// nano parses the url and knows this is a database
var db = require('nano')('http://localhost:5984/foo');
to specify further configuration options you can pass an object literal instead:
// nano parses the url and knows this is a database
var db = require('nano')(
{ "url" : "http://localhost:5984/foo"
, "request_defaults" : { "proxy" : "http://someproxy" }
, "log" : function (id, args) {
console.log(id, args);
}
});
Please check request for more information on the defaults. They support features like cookie jar, proxies, ssl, etc.
a very important configuration parameter if you have a high traffic website and are using nano is setting up the pool.size. by default, the node.js http global agent (client) has a certain size of active connections that can run simultaneously, while others are kept in a queue. pooling can be disabled by setting the agent property in request_defaults to false, or adjust the global pool size using:
http.globalAgent.maxSockets = 20;
you can also increase the size in your calling context using request_defaults if this is problematic. refer to the request documentation and examples for further clarification.
here's an example explicitly using the keep alive agent (installed using npm install agentkeepalive), especially useful to limit your open sockets when doing high-volume access to couchdb on localhost:
var agentkeepalive = require('agentkeepalive');
var myagent = new agentkeepalive({
maxSockets: 50
, maxKeepAliveRequests: 0
, maxKeepAliveTime: 30000
});
var db = require('nano')(
{ "url" : "http://localhost:5984/foo"
, "request_defaults" : { "agent" : myagent }
});
creates a couchdb database with the given name.
nano.db.create('alice', function(err, body) {
if (!err) {
console.log('database alice created!');
}
});
get informations about name.
nano.db.get('alice', function(err, body) {
if (!err) {
console.log(body);
}
});
destroys name.
nano.db.destroy('alice');
even though this examples looks sync it is an async function.
lists all the databases in couchdb
nano.db.list(function(err, body) {
// body is an array
body.forEach(function(db) {
console.log(db);
});
});
compacts name, if designname is specified also compacts its
views.
replicates source on target with options opts. target
has to exist, add create_target:true to opts to create it prior to
replication.
nano.db.replicate('alice', 'http://admin:password@otherhost.com:5984/alice',
{ create_target:true }, function(err, body) {
if (!err)
console.log(body);
});
asks for the changes feed of name, params contains additions
to the query string.
nano.db.changes('alice', function(err, body) {
if (!err) {
console.log(body);
}
});
uses follow to create a solid changes feed. please consult follow documentation for more information as this is a very complete api on it's own
var feed = db.follow({since: "now"});
feed.on('change', function (change) {
console.log("change: ", change);
});
feed.follow();
process.nextTick(function () {
db.insert({"bar": "baz"}, "bar");
});
creates a scope where you operate inside name.
var alice = nano.use('alice');
alice.insert({ crazy: true }, 'rabbit', function(err, body) {
// do something
});
alias for nano.use
alias for nano.use
alias for nano.use
makes a request to couchdb, the available opts are:
opts.db – the database nameopts.method – the http method, defaults to getopts.path – the full path of the request, overrides opts.doc and
opts.attopts.doc – the document nameopts.att – the attachment nameopts.params – query string parameters, appended after any existing opts.path, opts.doc, or opts.attopts.content_type – the content type of the request, default to jsonopts.headers – additional http headers, overrides existing onesopts.body – the document or attachment bodyopts.encoding – the encoding for attachmentsopts.multipart – array of objects for multipart requestalias for nano.request
alias for nano.request
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/ /
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/__.-|_|--|_l
an object containing the nano configurations, possible keys are:
url - the couchdb urldb - the database namelisten to db updates, the available params are:
params.feed – Type of feed. Can be one oflongpoll: Closes the connection after the first event.continuous: Send a line of JSON per event. Keeps the socket open until timeout.eventsource: Like, continuous, but sends the events in EventSource format.params.timeout – Number of seconds until CouchDB closes the connection. Default is 60.params.heartbeat – Whether CouchDB will send a newline character (\n) on timeout. Default is true.uses follow to create a solid
_db_updates feed.
please consult follow documentation for more information as this is a very complete api on it's own
var feed = nano.follow_updates({since: "now"});
feed.on('change', function (change) {
console.log("change: ", change);
});
feed.follow();
process.nextTick(function () {
nano.db.create('alice');
});
inserts doc in the database with optional params. if params is a string, its assumed as the intended document name. if params is an object, its passed as query string parameters and doc_name is checked for defining the document name.
var alice = nano.use('alice');
alice.insert({ crazy: true }, 'rabbit', function(err, body) {
if (!err)
console.log(body);
});
removes revision rev of docname from couchdb.
alice.destroy('rabbit', '3-66c01cdf99e84c83a9b3fe65b88db8c0', function(err, body) {
if (!err)
console.log(body);
});
gets docname from the database with optional query string
additions params.
alice.get('rabbit', { revs_info: true }, function(err, body) {
if (!err)
console.log(body);
});
same as get but lightweight version that returns headers only.
alice.head('rabbit', function(err, _, headers) {
if (!err)
console.log(headers);
});
copy the contents (and attachments) of a document
to a new document, or overwrite an existing target document
alice.copy('rabbit', 'rabbit2', { overwrite: true }, function(err, _, headers) {
if (!err)
console.log(headers);
});
bulk operations(update/delete/insert) on the database, refer to the couchdb doc.
list all the docs in the database with optional query string additions params.
alice.list(function(err, body) {
if (!err) {
body.rows.forEach(function(doc) {
console.log(doc);
});
}
});
bulk fetch of the database documents, docnames are specified as per
couchdb doc.
additional query string params can be specified, include_docs is always set
to true.
bulk fetch of the revisions of the database documents, docnames are specified as per
couchdb doc.
additional query string params can be specified, this is the same method as fetch but
include_docs is not automatically set to true.
inserts a doc together with attachments and optional params. if params is a string, its assumed as the intended document name. if params is an object, its passed as query string parameters and doc_name is checked for defining the document name.
refer to the doc for more details.
attachments must be an array of objects with name, data and content_type properties.
var fs = require('fs');
fs.readFile('rabbit.png', function(err, data) {
if (!err) {
alice.multipart.insert({ foo: 'bar' }, [{name: 'rabbit.png', data: data, content_type: 'image/png'}], 'mydoc', function(err, body) {
if (!err)
console.log(body);
});
}
});
get docname together with its attachments via multipart/related request with optional query string additions
params. refer to the
doc for more details.
the multipart response body is a Buffer.
alice.multipart.get('rabbit', function(err, buffer) {
if (!err)
console.log(buffer.toString());
});
inserts an attachment attname to docname, in most cases
params.rev is required. refer to the
doc for more details.
var fs = require('fs');
fs.readFile('rabbit.png', function(err, data) {
if (!err) {
alice.attachment.insert('rabbit', 'rabbit.png', data, 'image/png',
{ rev: '12-150985a725ec88be471921a54ce91452' }, function(err, body) {
if (!err)
console.log(body);
});
}
});
or using pipe:
var fs = require('fs');
fs.createReadStream('rabbit.png').pipe(
alice.attachment.insert('new', 'rab.png', null, 'image/png')
);
get docname's attachment attname with optional query string additions
params.
var fs = require('fs');
alice.attachment.get('rabbit', 'rabbit.png', function(err, body) {
if (!err) {
fs.writeFile('rabbit.png', body);
}
});
or using pipe:
var fs = require('fs');
alice.attachment.get('rabbit', 'rabbit.png').pipe(fs.createWriteStream('rabbit.png'));
destroy attachment attname of docname's revision rev.
alice.attachment.destroy('rabbit', 'rabbit.png',
'1-4701d73a08ce5c2f2983bf7c9ffd3320', function(err, body) {
if (!err)
console.log(body);
});
calls a view of the specified design with optional query string additions
params. if you're looking to filter the view results by key(s) pass an array of keys, e.g
{ keys: ['key1', 'key2', 'key_n'] }, as params.
alice.view('characters', 'crazy_ones', function(err, body) {
if (!err) {
body.rows.forEach(function(doc) {
console.log(doc.value);
});
}
});
calls a list function feeded by the given view of the specified design document.
alice.view_with_list('characters', 'crazy_ones', 'my_list', function(err, body) {
if (!err) {
console.log(body);
}
});
calls a show function of the specified design for the document specified by doc_id with
optional query string additions params.
alice.show('characters', 'format_doc', '3621898430', function(err, doc) {
if (!err) {
console.log(doc);
}
});
take a look at the couchdb wiki for possible query paramaters and more information on show functions.
calls the design's update function with the specified doc in input.
db.atomic("update", "inplace", "foobar",
{field: "foo", value: "bar"}, function (error, response) {
assert.equal(error, undefined, "failed to update");
assert.equal(response.foo, "bar", "update worked");
});
Note that the data is sent in the body of the request. An example update handler follows:
"updates": {
"in-place" : "function(doc, req) {
var field = req.form.field;
var value = req.form.value;
var message = 'set '+field+' to '+value;
doc[field] = value;
return [doc, message];
}"
calls a view of the specified design with optional query string additions params.
alice.search('characters', 'crazy_ones', { q: 'cat' }, function(err, doc) {
if (!err) {
console.log(doc);
}
});
check out the tests for a fully functioning example.
nano supports making requests using couchdb's cookie authentication functionality. there's a step-by-step guide here, but essentially you just:
var nano = require('nano')('http://localhost:5984')
, username = 'user'
, userpass = 'pass'
, callback = console.log // this would normally be some callback
, cookies = {} // store cookies, normally redis or something
;
nano.auth(username, userpass, function (err, body, headers) {
if (err) {
return callback(err);
}
if (headers && headers['set-cookie']) {
cookies[user] = headers['set-cookie'];
}
callback(null, "it worked");
});
reusing a cookie:
var auth = "some stored cookie"
, callback = console.log // this would normally be some callback
, alice = require('nano')(
{ url : 'http://localhost:5984/alice', cookie: 'AuthSession=' + auth });
;
alice.insert(doc, function (err, body, headers) {
if (err) {
return callback(err);
}
// change the cookie if couchdb tells us to
if (headers && headers['set-cookie']) {
auth = headers['set-cookie'];
}
callback(null, "it worked");
});
getting current session:
var nano = require('nano')({url: 'http://localhost:5984', cookie: 'AuthSession=' + auth});
nano.session(function(err, session) {
if (err) {
return console.log('oh noes!')
}
console.log('user is %s and has these roles: %j',
session.userCtx.user, session.userCtx.roles);
});
nano is minimalistic but you can add your own features with
nano.request(opts, callback)
for example, to create a function to retrieve a specific revision of the
rabbit document:
function getrabbitrev(rev, callback) {
nano.request({ db: 'alice',
doc: 'rabbit',
method: 'get',
params: { rev: rev }
}, callback);
}
getrabbitrev('4-2e6cdc4c7e26b745c2881a24e0eeece2', function(err, body) {
if (!err) {
console.log(body);
}
});
you can pipe in nano like in any other stream.
for example if our rabbit document has an attachment with name picture.png
(with a picture of our white rabbit, of course!) you can pipe it to a writable stream
var fs = require('fs'),
nano = require('nano')('http://127.0.0.1:5984/');
var alice = nano.use('alice');
alice.attachment.get('rabbit', 'picture.png').pipe(fs.createWriteStream('/tmp/rabbit.png'));
then open /tmp/rabbit.png and you will see the rabbit picture.
check issues
to run (and configure) the test suite simply:
cd nano
npm install
npm test
after adding a new test you can run it individually (with verbose output) using:
nano_env=testing node tests/doc/list.js list_doc_params
where list_doc_params is the test name.
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git clone git://github.com/dscape/nano.git
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licensed under the apache license, version 2.0 (the "license"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the license. you may obtain a copy of the license at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html
unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the license is distributed on an "as is" basis, without warranties or conditions of any kind, either express or implied. see the license for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the license.
FAQs
The official CouchDB client for Node.js
The npm package nano receives a total of 19,095 weekly downloads. As such, nano popularity was classified as popular.
We found that nano demonstrated a healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released less than a year ago. It has 7 open source maintainers collaborating on the project.
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