pg-sql2

pg-sql2

Create SQL in a powerful and flexible manner without opening yourself to SQL injection attacks using the power of ES6 tagged template literals.

const sql = require('pg-sql2');
// or import sql from 'pg-sql2';

const tableName = "user";
const fields = ["name", "age", "height"];

// sql.join is used to join fragments with a common separator, NOT to join tables!
const sqlFields = sql.join(
  // sql.identifier safely escapes arguments and joins them with dots
  fields.map(fieldName => sql.identifier(tableName, fieldName)),
  ", "
);

// sql.value will store the value and instead add a placeholder to the SQL
// statement, to ensure that no SQL injection can occur.
const sqlConditions =
  sql.query`created_at > NOW() - interval '3 years' and age > ${sql.value(22)}`;

// This could be a full query, but we're going to embed it in another query safely
const innerQuery =
  sql.query`select ${sqlFields} from ${sql.identifier(tableName)} where ${sqlConditions}`;

// Symbols are automatically assigned unique identifiers
const sqlAlias = sql.identifier(Symbol());

const query = sql.query`
with ${sqlAlias} as (${innerQuery})
select
  (select json_agg(row_to_json(${sqlAlias})) from ${sqlAlias}) as all_data,
  (select max(age) from ${sqlAlias}) as max_age
`;

// sql.compile compiles the query into an SQL statement and a list of values
const { text, values } = sql.compile(query);

console.log(text);
/* ->
with __local_0__ as (select "user"."name", "user"."age", "user"."height" from "user" where created_at > NOW() - interval '3 years' and age > $1)
select
  (select json_agg(row_to_json(__local_0__)) from __local_0__) as all_data,
  (select max(age) from __local_0__) as max_age
*/

console.log(values); // [ 22 ]

// Then to run the query using `pg` module, do something like:
// const { rows } = await pg.query(text, values);

API

sql.query`...`

Builds part of (or the whole of) an SQL query, safely interpretting the embedded expressions. If a non sql.* expression is passed in, e.g.:

sql.query`select ${1}`

then an error will be thrown (immediately on development, at sql.compile time on production for performance).

sql.identifier(ident, ...)

Represents a safely escaped SQL identifier; if multiple arguments are passed then each will be escaped and then they will be joined with dots (e.g. "schema"."table"."column").

sql.value(val)

Represents an SQL value, will be replaced with a placeholder and the value collected up at compile time.

sql.literal(val)

As sql.value, but in the case of very simple values may write them directly to the SQL statement. Should only be used with trusted data, e.g. for the key arguments to json_build_object(key, val, key, val, ...)

sql.join(arrayOfFragments, delimeter)

Joins an array of sql.query values using the delimeter (which is treated as a raw SQL string); e.g.

const arrayOfSqlFields = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'].map(n => sql.identifier(n));
sql.query`select ${sql.join(arrayOfSqlFields, ', ')}` // -> select "a", "b", "c", "d"

const arrayOfSqlConditions = [sql.query`a = 1`, sql.query`b = 2`, sql.query`c = 3`];
sql.query`where (${sql.join(arrayOfSqlConditions, ') and (')})` // -> where (a = 1) and (b = 2) and (c = 3)

const fragments = [
  {alias: 'name', sqlFragment: sql.identifier('user', 'name')},
  {alias: 'age', sqlFragment: sql.identifier('user', 'age')},
];
sql.query`
  json_build_object(
    ${sql.join(
      fragments.map(
        ({ sqlFragment, alias }) =>
          sql.query`${sql.literal(alias)}, ${sqlFragment}`
      ),
      ",\n"
    )}
  )`;

const arrayOfSqlInnerJoins = [
  sql.query`inner join bar on (bar.foo_id = foo.id)`,
  sql.query`inner join baz on (baz.bar_id = bar.id)`,
];
sql.query`select * from foo ${sql.join(arrayOfSqlInnerJoins, " ")}`
// select * from foo inner join bar on (bar.foo_id = foo.id) inner join baz on (baz.bar_id = bar.id)

sql.raw(stringValue)

DO NOT USE THIS; honestly outside of the internals I don't think there is any need for this - use sql.query instead.

sql.compile(query)

Compiles the query into an SQL statement and a list of values, ready to be executed

const query = sql.query`...`;
const { text, values } = sql.compile(query);

// const { rows } = await pg.query(text, values);

History

This is a replacement for @calebmer's pg-sql, combining the additional work that was done to it in postgraphql and offering the following enhancements:

• Better development experience for people not using TypeScript (throws errors a lot earlier in development*, allowing you to catch issues at the source)
• Slightly more helpful error messages
• Uses a hidden non-enumerable symbol as the type of the query nodes to protect against an object accidentally being inserted verbatim and being treated as valid
• Adds sql.literal which is similar to sql.value but when used with simple values can write the valid direct to the SQL statement. USE WITH CAUTION. The purpose for this is if you are using trusted values (e.g. for the keys to json_build_object(...)) then debugging your SQL becomes a lot easier because fewer placeholders are used.

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* Development mode is when process.env.NODE_ENV is either development or test