serialport

Node Serialport

For support you can open a github issue, for discussions, designs, and clarifications, we recommend you join our Gitter Chat room

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Imagine a world where you can write JavaScript to control blenders, lights, security systems, or even robots. Yes, I said robots. That world is here and now with node-serialport. It provides a very simple interface to the low level serial port code necessary to program Arduino chipsets, X10 wireless communications, or even the rising Z-Wave and Zigbee standards. The physical world is your oyster with this goodie. For a full break down of why we made this, please read NodeBots - The Rise of JS Robotics.

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For getting started with node-serialport, we recommend you begin with the following articles:

• Arduino Node Security Sensor Hacking - A great all around "how do I use this" article.
• NodeBots - The Rise of JS Robotics - A survey article of why one would want to program robots in JS.
• Johnny-Five - The Johnny-Five Robotics and IoT library's introduction "Hello Johnny" (awesome).

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• Installation
• Usage
  • Open Event
  • Listing Ports
  • Parsers
• Methods
  • SerialPort
  • open()
  • isOpen()
  • write()
  • pause()
  • resume()
  • flush()
  • drain()
  • close()
• Events

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Installation Instructions

For most "standard" use cases (node v0.10.x on mac, linux, windows on a x86 or x64 processor), node-serialport will install nice and easy with a simple

npm install serialport

Installation Special Cases

We are using node-pre-gyp to compile and post binaries of the library for most common use cases (linux, mac, windows on standard processor platforms). If you are on a special case, node-serialport will work, but it will compile the binary when you install.

This assumes you have everything on your system necessary to compile ANY native module for Node.js. This may not be the case, though, so please ensure the following are true for your system before filing an issue about "Does not install". For all operatings systems, please ensure you have Python 2.x installed AND not 3.0, node-gyp (what we use to compile) requires Python 2.x.

Windows:

• Windows 7, Windows 8.1, and Windows 10 are supported.
• Might just download and install with no extra steps. If the downloaded binary fails you'll have to build it with the following steps.
• Install Visual Studio Express 2013 for Windows Desktop.
• If you are hacking on an Arduino, be sure to install the drivers.
• Install node.js matching the bitness (32 or 64) of your operating system.
• Install Python 2.7.6 matching the bitness of your operating system. For any questions, please refer to their FAQ. Default settings are perfect.
• Open the 'Visual Studio Command Prompt' and add Python to the path.

Mac OS X:

Ensure that you have at a minimum the xCode Command Line Tools installed appropriate for your system configuration. If you recently upgraded the OS, it probably removed your installation of Command Line Tools, please verify before submitting a ticket. To compile node-serialport with Node.js 4.x+, you will need to use g++ v4.8 or higher.

Desktop (Debian/Ubuntu) Linux:

You know what you need for your system, basically your appropriate analog of build-essential. Keep rocking! Ubuntu renamed the node binary nodejs which can cause problems building node-serialport. The fix is simple, install the nodejs-legacy package that symlinks /usr/bin/nodejs => /usr/bin/node or install the more up to date nodejs package from Chris Lea's PPA.

# Ubuntu node
sudo apt-get install nodejs nodejs-legacy

# Or Chris Lea's PPA Node (more up to date)
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:chris-lea/node.js
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs

sudo apt-get install build-essential
npm install serialport

Raspberry Pi Linux:

Follow the instructions for setting up a Raspberry pi for use with Johnny-Five and Raspi IO. These projects use Node Serialport under the hood.

Usage

Opening a serial port:

var SerialPort = require("serialport").SerialPort
var serialPort = new SerialPort("/dev/tty-usbserial1", {
  baudrate: 57600
});

When opening a serial port, you can specify (in this order).

1. Path to Serial Port - required.
2. Options - optional and described below.

Open Event

You MUST wait for the open event to be emitted before reading/writing to the serial port. The open happens asynchronously so installing 'data' listeners and writing before the open event might result in... nothing at all.

Assuming you are connected to a serial console, you would for example:

serialPort.on("open", function () {
  console.log('open');
  serialPort.on('data', function(data) {
    console.log('data received: ' + data);
  });
  serialPort.write("ls\n", function(err, results) {
    console.log('err ' + err);
    console.log('results ' + results);
  });
});

You can also call the open function, in this case instantiate the serialport with an additional flag.

var SerialPort = require("serialport").SerialPort
var serialPort = new SerialPort("/dev/tty-usbserial1", {
  baudrate: 57600
}, false); // this is the openImmediately flag [default is true]

serialPort.open(function (error) {
  if ( error ) {
    console.log('failed to open: '+error);
  } else {
    console.log('open');
    serialPort.on('data', function(data) {
      console.log('data received: ' + data);
    });
    serialPort.write("ls\n", function(err, results) {
      console.log('err ' + err);
      console.log('results ' + results);
    });
  }
});

Listing Ports

You can also list the ports along with some metadata as well.

var serialPort = require("serialport");
serialPort.list(function (err, ports) {
  ports.forEach(function(port) {
    console.log(port.comName);
    console.log(port.pnpId);
    console.log(port.manufacturer);
  });
});

Parsers

Out of the box, node-serialport provides two parsers one that simply emits the raw buffer as a data event and the other which provides familiar "readline" style parsing. To use the readline parser, you must provide a delimiter as such:

var serialport = require("serialport");
var SerialPort = serialport.SerialPort; // localize object constructor

var sp = new SerialPort("/dev/tty-usbserial1", {
  parser: serialport.parsers.readline("\n")
});

To use the raw parser, you just provide the function definition (or leave undefined):

var serialport = require("serialport");
var SerialPort = serialport.SerialPort; // localize object constructor

var sp = new SerialPort("/dev/tty-usbserial1", {
  parser: serialport.parsers.raw
});

You can get updates of new data from the Serial Port as follows:

serialPort.on("data", function (data) {
  sys.puts("here: "+data);
});

You can write to the serial port by sending a string or buffer to the write method as follows:

serialPort.write("OMG IT WORKS\r");

Enjoy and do cool things with this code.

Methods

SerialPort (path, options, openImmediately, callback)

Create a new serial port on path.

path

The system path of the serial port to open. For example, /dev/tty on Mac/Linux or COM1 on Windows.

options (optional)

Port configuration options.

• baudRate Baud Rate, defaults to 9600. Should be one of: 115200, 57600, 38400, 19200, 9600, 4800, 2400, 1800, 1200, 600, 300, 200, 150, 134, 110, 75, or 50. Custom rates as allowed by hardware is supported.
• dataBits Data Bits, defaults to 8. Must be one of: 8, 7, 6, or 5.
• stopBits Stop Bits, defaults to 1. Must be one of: 1 or 2.
• parity Parity, defaults to 'none'. Must be one of: 'none', 'even', 'mark', 'odd', 'space'
• rtscts
• xon
• xoff
• xany
• flowControl
• bufferSize Size of read buffer, defaults to 255. Must be an integer value.
• parser The parser engine to use with read data, defaults to rawPacket strategy which just emits the raw buffer as a "data" event. Can be any function that accepts EventEmitter as first parameter and the raw buffer as the second parameter.
• encoding
• dataCallback
• disconnectedCallback
• platformOptions - sets platform specific options, see below.

Note: We have added support for either all lowercase OR camelcase of the options (thanks @jagautier), use whichever style you prefer.

Unix Platform Options

An object with the following properties:

• vmin (default: 1) - see man termios
• vtime (default: 0) - see man termios

openImmediately (optional)

Attempts to open a connection to the serial port on process.nextTick. The default is true. Set to false to manually call open() at a later time, but note you'll need to use factory error listener in the case of constructor errors.

callback (optional)

Called when a connection has been opened. The callback should be a function that looks like: function (error) { ... }

Note: The callback will NOT be called if openImmediately is set to false as the open will not be performed.

.open (callback)

Opens a connection to the given serial port.

callback (optional)

Called when a connection has been opened. The callback should be a function that looks like: function (error) { ... }

.isOpen()

Returns true if the port is open.

.write (buffer, callback)

Writes data to the given serial port.

buffer

The buffer parameter accepts a Buffer object, or a type that is accepted by the Buffer constructor (ex. an array of bytes or a string).

callback (optional)

Called once the write operation returns. The callback should be a function that looks like: function (error) { ... }

Note: The write operation is non-blocking. When it returns, data may still have not actually been written to the serial port. See drain().

Note: Some devices like the Arduino reset when you open a connection to them. In these cases if you immediately write to the device they wont be ready to receive the data. This is often worked around by having the Arduino send a "ready" byte that your node program waits for before writing. You can also often get away with waiting around 400ms.

.pause ()

Pauses an open connection.

.resume ()

Resumes a paused connection.

.flush (callback)

Flushes data received but not read. See tcflush() for Mac/Linux and FlushFileBuffers for Windows.

callback (optional)

Called once the flush operation returns. The callback should be a function that looks like: function (error) { ... }

.drain (callback)

Waits until all output data has been transmitted to the serial port. See tcdrain() for more information.

callback (optional)

Called once the drain operation returns. The callback should be a function that looks like: function (error) { ... }

Example

Writes data and waits until it has finish transmitting to the target serial port before calling the callback.

function writeAndDrain (data, callback) {
  sp.write(data, function () {
    sp.drain(callback);
  });
}

.close (callback)

Closes an open connection.

callback (optional)

Called once a connection is closed. Closing a connection will also remove all event listeners. The callback should be a function that looks like: function (error) { ... }

Events

.on('open', callback)

Callback is called with no arguments when the port is opened and ready for writing. This happens if you have the constructor open immediately (which opens in the next tick) or if you open the port manually with open(). See Useage/Open Event for more information.

.on('data', callback)

Callback is called with data depending on your chosen parser. The default raw parser will have a Buffer object with a varying amount of data in it. The readLine parser will provide a string of your line. See the parsers section for more information

.on('close', callback)

Callback is called with no arguments when the port is closed.

.on('error', callback)

Callback is called with an error object whenever there is an error.