The manager for TypeScript definitions.
# Install Typings CLI utility.
npm install typings --global
# Search for definitions.
typings search tape
# Find ambient typings (includes DefinitelyTyped in lookup due to --ambient flag).
typings search react --ambient
# Install ambient typings (and persist selection in `typings.json`).
typings install react --ambient --save
# Use `main.d.ts` (in `tsconfig.json` or as a `///` reference).
cat typings/main.d.ts
Important: For existing TSD users, Typings will install from DefinitelyTyped using the --ambient flag. Other dependencies are maintained in the registry.
You're possibly wondering what it's like going from using TSD to Typings. To use Typings as you used TSD the migration is not extreme. Where you previously would have:
tsd install react --save
You would now:
typings install react --ambient --save
Likewise, this:
tsd query react
becomes:
typings search react --ambient
In both cases the --ambient flag is required in order that Definitely Typed is included in the lookup. DT can generally be viewed as a source of ambient definitions; both internal and external. For clarity about what ambient definitions are it's worth taking a look at the TypeScript Handbook.
init, install, rm and lstypings install npm:popsicletypings.json and everyone on the project can replicate itTypings is the simple way to manage and install TypeScript definitions. It uses typings.json, which can resolve to GitHub, NPM, Bower, HTTP and local files. Packages can use type definitions from various sources and different versions, and know they will never cause a conflict for users.
typings install debug --save
A public registry is maintained by the community, and is used to resolve official type definitions for JavaScript packages.
typings init
Options: [--upgrade]
Initialize a new typings.json file. If you're currently using TSD, you can use --upgrade to convert tsd.json to typings.json.
typings install # (with no arguments, in package directory)
typings install <name>=<location>
typings install [<source>!]<pkg>[@<version>]
typings install file:<path>
typings install github:<github username>/<github project>[/<path>][#<commit>]
typings install bitbucket:<bitbucket username>/<bitbucket project>[/<path>][#<commit>]
typings install npm:<package>
typings install bower:<package>
typings install <https?:// url>
Please note: npm and bower resolve using their respective algorithms over the local filesystem. They will need to be installed before running typings install. The other schemes (http, https, github, bitbucket) resolve over HTTP(s). Finally, file is a location in the local filesystem relative to the typings.json directory.
Write a dependency to the typings/ directory, optionally persisting it in typings.json.
typings.jsontypings.json--save and --save-dev)Installations without a specific location will looked up the registry using the Typings API. For example, typings install debug will resolve to this data. Anyone can contribute typings to the registry, just make a pull request.
Install node typings:
typings install node --save --ambient
The name is persisted in typings.json. The --save flag is used to write to typings.json, which you can use to re-install your typings later. The --ambient flag is used to confirm that this dependency is ambient.
typings uninstall <name> [--ambient] [--save|--save-dev|--save-peer]
Remove a dependency from the typings/ directory, and optionally remove from typings.json.
typings.jsontypings.json--save and --save-dev)typings ls [--production]
Print the typings dependency tree. This command resolves on demand and is not currently cached.
typings search [query]
Options: [--ambient] [--name] [--source] [--offset] [--limit]
Search the registry for available typings.
typings bundle --name [string]
Options: [--out] [--ambient]
Bundle the current project types into an single ambient module.
moduleResolution optionbrowser field (used by Webpack, Browserify, etc.) can produce different typesTypings supports configuration using rc. The config options can be set using CLI arguments, environment variables prefixed with typings_ or a .typingsrc file.
process.env.HTTP_PROXY)process.env.HTTPS_PROXY)process.env.NO_PROXY)true)null)null)User-Agent for HTTP requests (default: typings/{typingsVersion} node/{nodeVersion} {platform} {arch})github: locationstypings install debug) (default: npm)typings install node -A) (default: dt)main.d.ts And browser.d.tsTo simplify integration with TypeScript, two files - typings/main.d.ts and typings/browser.d.ts - are generated which reference all the typings installed in the project only one of which can be used at a time. If you're building a front-end package it's recommended you use typings/browser.d.ts. The browser typings are compiled by following the browser field overrides.
To use either you can do one of the following:
exclude in tsconfig.json, then exclude the one you don't want (similar to node_modules) e.g:{
"exclude": [
"typings/browser.d.ts",
"typings/browser",
"node_modules"
]
}
files in tsconfig.json, then add the one you want:{
"files": [
"typings/main.d.ts"
]
}
tsconfig.json, then add as a reference to the top of TypeScript files:/// <reference path="../typings/main.d.ts" />
During installation, any references (E.g. /// <reference path="..." />) are stripped. There is no simple way to include the contents from the other file within the project. With legacy projects, these references can denote dependencies or ambient dependencies, so can't be relied on in any formal way. Installation will print the references that were stripped during installation, and you can continue installation of dependencies yourself.
If you're already publishing your module with TypeScript, you might be using NPM scripts to automate the build. To integrate Typings into this flow, I recommend you run it as part of the prepublish or build steps. For example:
{
"scripts": {
"build": "rm -rf dist && tsc",
"prepublish": "typings install && npm run build"
}
}
If you're using some other set up, just run typings install before you execute the build step. This will install the type definitions from typings.json before the TypeScript compiler runs.
Writing a new type definition is as simple as creating a new package. Start by creating a new typings.json file, then add dependencies as normal. When you publish to GitHub, locally, alongside your package (NPM or Bower) or even to your own website, someone else can reference it and use it.
{
"name": "typings",
"main": "path/to/definition.d.ts",
"author": "Blake Embrey <hello@blakeembrey.com>",
"description": "The TypeScript definition dependency manager",
"dependencies": {}
}
package.json)Ambient dependencies are type definitions that provide information about the environment. Some examples of "environment" dependencies are Node.js, Browserify, window and even Array.prototype.map. These are globals that already exist, you do not "require" them. If your package exposes a module and/or ambient dependencies, it's recommended you expose a way to install the ambient definitions (explain installation in the docs, for instance).
typings Field In package.json?Maybe. If you're relying on typings to provide type dependencies, I recommend that you omit the typings entry for now. If you don't use the typings.json file, add typings in package.json. This is because TypeScript 1.6+ comes with node module resolution built-in, but unless all the packages in the NPM dependency tree have their own typings entry inline you'll be breaking TypeScript users of your library. Typings has complete support for the node module resolution strategy used in TypeScript.
Typings are compiled and written into the typings/ directory alongside typings.json. The structure looks like this:
typings/{main,browser}/{ambient,definitions}/<dependency>/index.d.ts
typings/{main,browser}.d.ts
Where typings/{main,browser}.d.ts is a collection of references to installed definitions. Main and browser typings are written to separate directories for tsconfig.json exclude support - you can completely exclude both the main or browser typings.
# Installation
# Fork this repo (https://github.com/typings/typings)
# Clone the fork (E.g. `https://github.com/<your_username>/typings.git`)
cd typings
npm run bootstrap
# You will see errors such as "src/bundle.ts(1,26): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'any-promise'"
# Just ignore them. "npm run build" and "npm run test" will work correctly
# Build
npm run build
# Test
npm run test
MIT
FAQs
The TypeScript Definition Manager
The npm package typings receives a total of 40,075 weekly downloads. As such, typings popularity was classified as popular.
We found that typings demonstrated a not healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released a year ago. It has 1 open source maintainer collaborating on the project.
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