pythoniccss

PythonicCSS

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Version: 0.0.1
Updated: 2014-12-08
URL:     http://github.com/sebastien/pythoniccss

PythonicCSS is a pre-compiler that outputs CSS. It was originally intended to be CleverCSS 2.0, but as it does not have a fully compatible syntax it did not make sense to keep the same name.

PythonicCSS has the following features:

• Indentation-based structure
• Automatic prefixing
• Full CSS3 support (animation, media queries, calc, etc)
• Modularity (includes) and mixins

Syntax Overview

PythonicCSS's syntax is based on indentation, just like in Python. The main difference is that PythonicCSS is stricter and always expects the right amount of indentation and the use of tabs (not spaces) to do so.

Here's an example of what PythonicCSS looks like (this example is actually the same from CleverCSS's documentation).

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ul#comments, ol#comments:
    margin: 0
    padding: 0
    li:
        padding: 0.4em
        margin: 0.8em 0 0.8em
    h3:
      font-size: 1.2em
    p:
      padding: 0.3em
    p.meta:
      text-align: right
      color: #ddd

Selectors & Rules

You can use any CSS-like selector in you rules. You can use , to separate the selectors on a single line and & to refer to the parent selector in a nested rule.

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A = 10
div:
    color:      #FF00FF
    content:    "asdasdd"
    background: #FFAAAAAA.brighten() 
    width:      10em * 1.0 + ($A * 10 / 2)
    animation:  name 5s
div, span:
    font-size: 100%
div:
    &:first-child:
        color: red
    &:last-child:
        color: green
    &:nth-child(2):
        color: yellow
.Application:
    &.with-base:
        background: 200%
#Application:
    font-size: 100%
div[data-type=1.0]:
    font-size: 100%
*[data-type=1.0]:hover:
    font-size: 100%
div#Application.widget.application[data-type=Application]:hover:
    font-size: 100%

Some rules will also be automatically prefixed, for instance:

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-placeholder:

will generate:

-moz-placeholder, -webkit-placeholder

Properties & Expressions

PCSS allows to evaluate expressions at compile time before generating the resulting CSS code. For instance

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width: 10em * 3.5

will result in

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width: 35em;

Property values can be expressed relatively to defined variables and also using computations. You can pre-calculate expressions before CSS rendering by using PCSS's expressions, or defer the evaluation with CSS3's calc function.

While the following will output calc(10em * 3.5). Note that we need to pass the expression as a string parameter, as otherwise the the expression will be evaluted by PCSS.

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width: calc("10em * 3.5")

Alternatively, you can also quote the whole value, which will just pass the string as-is.

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width: "calc(10em * 3.5)"

PCSS allows for implicit concatenation, as shown in the example below

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label1:
    padding: $foo + 2 + 3 $foo - 2
label2:
    padding: ($foo + 2 + 3) ($foo - 2)

Automatic Prefixing

PCSS know about which properties and litteral property values to prefix. For instance, in the following example transition-property, transform and filter will be generated with their corresponding vendor prefixes.

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transition-property: color transform filter

Some properties, such as gradients can have different syntaxes, depending on the browser. If CSS3 does not already have a recommendation, WebKit's format will be chosen.

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background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #1e5799 0%, #2989d8 50%, #207cca 51%, #7db9e8 100%)

will generated the following CSS code (thanks http://www.colorzilla.com/gradient-editor/)

.. code:: css

background: #1e5799;
background: -moz-linear-gradient(top,  #1e5799 0%, #2989d8 50%, #207cca 51%, #7db9e8 100%);
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top,  #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%);
background: -o-linear-gradient(top,  #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%);
background: -ms-linear-gradient(top,  #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%);
background: linear-gradient(to bottom,  #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%);
filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#1e5799', endColorstr='#7db9e8',GradientType=0 );

Includes

The PATH will be resolved relatively to the current file, and if not found will be resolved relatively to the current working directory.

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%include test-include.pcss

Variables

Variables are declared at the beginning of the file, and can have any type of expression. Note that variables are not evaluated until referenced.

Variables are expected to be UPPER_CASE.

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FONT_SIZE            = 14
PX                   = 1em / $FONT_SIZE
PAD                  = 20 * $PX
BACKGROUND_COLOR     = white
BACKGROUND_COLOR_ALT = #F0F0F0

Special functions/methods

Embedding URLs

If you would like to embed an image as a data-url, you can do it by using the .embed() method call after an url() property.

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background-image: url(http://ffctn.com/lib/images/nothing.png).embed()

which will download/retrieve the file and produce a base-64 encoded data URL version of it. Macros ======

Macros allow to define common properties that can be applied all at once using by calling the macro with <NAME>()

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@macro cleared:
    clear:   bothAA
    content: ""
    display: block
    height:  0em
div.cleared:
    cleared()

CSS3 support

Animations

CSS animations can be defined just like in CSS3, using from/to or percentages to define the frames. You can use property groups and macros just like in any other PCSS block. Keyframes with from/to

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@keyframes animation1:
    from:
        background: red
    to:
        background: yellow

Keyframes with %

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@keyframes animation2:
    0%:
        background: red
    100%:
        background: yellow

Font-Face

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@font-face:
    font-family: asdas

Media queries

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@media[screen and (max-width: 300px)]:
    body:
        background-color: lightblue

Import

The @import CSS directive is not supported by PCSS.

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@import url("import4.css") tv, print;

Notable differences with CleverCSS

Variables have to be defined with valid expressions::

FONT_FAMILY = Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif

Will not work, instead, you'll have to quote the whole text

`FONT_FAMILY = "Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"

Rule trailing colon is optional::

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div
color: black

Is a valid PCSS code