@fgv/ts-utils

ts-utils

Assorted Typescript Utilities

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Summary

Assorted typescript utilities that I'm tired of copying from project to project. Most notable and closest to production-ready are:

• Result<T> - Easily combine inline and exception-based error handling
• Converter<T> - Conversion framework especially useful for type-safe processing of JSON

Also includes a few other much less-developed odds-and-ends borrowed from one project or another - much less polished and more likely change or disappear:

• ExtendedArray<T> - adds a few useful operations to the built-in Array
• Formattable<T> - simple helpers to create mustache wrappers for objects and make them easily printable
• Logger - A very basic logger suitable for hobby projects
• RangeOf<T> - Generic open or closed ranges of orderable items (numbers, dates, etc)

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• Summary
• Installation
• Overview
  • The Result Pattern
  • Converters
• API
  • Result<T>
  • Converter<T>
• Additional APIs
  • ExtendedArray<T>
  • Formattable<T>
  • Logger
  • RangeOf<T>

Installation

With npm:

npm install ts-utils

Overview

The Result Pattern

A Result<T> represents the success or failure of executing some operation. A successful result contains a return value of type T, while a failure result contains an error message of type string. Taken by itself, the use of Result<T> allows for simple inline error handling.

const result = functionReturningResult();
if (result.isSuccess()) {
    functionAcceptingT(result.value);
}
else {
    console.log(result.error);
}

Use succeed<T>() and fail<T>() to return success or failure:

function thisFunctionSucceeds(): string {
    return succeed('I succeeded!');
}

function thisFunctionFails(): number {
    return fail('Oops!  I failed');
}

Use getValueOrDefault when a failure can be safely ignored:

// returns undefined on failure
const value1: string|undefined = functionReturningResult('whatever').getValueOrDefault();

// returns 'oops' on failure
const value2: string = functionReturningResult('whatever').getValueOrDefault('oops');

The getValueOrThrow method converts a failure result to an exception, for use in contexts (such as constructors) in which an exception is the most appropriate way to handle errors.

constructor(param: string) {
    this._param = validateReturnsResult(param).getValueOrThrow();
}

The captureResult function converts an exception to a failure for simplified inline processing.

class Thing {
    static create(param: string): Result<Thing> {
        return captureResult(new Thing(param));
    }
}

Other methods and helpers allow for chaining and conversion of results, working with mulitple results and more. See the API documentation for details.

Converters

The basic Converter<T> implements a convert method which converts unknown to T, using the result pattern to report success or failure.

class Converter<T> {
    public convert(from: unknown): Result<T>;
}

But built-in converters, including converters which can extract a field for an object or which apply converters according to the shape of some object can be composed to provide compact and legible type-safe conversion from anything to a strongly typed Typescript object:

interface Thing {
    title: string;
    count: number;
    isGood: boolean;
    hints: string[];
}

const thingConverter = Converters.object<Thing>({
    title: Converters.string,
    count: Converters.number,
    isGood: Converters.boolean,
    hints: Converters.array(Converters.string),
});

// gets a Thing or throws an error
const thing: Things = thingConverter.convert(json).getValueOrThrow();

Everything is strongly-typed, so Intellisense will autocomplete properties and highlight errors in the object supplied to Converters.object.

Other helpers and methods enable optional values or fields, chaining of results and a variety of other conversions and transformations.

API

Result<T>

Converter<T>

Additional APIs

ExtendedArray<T>

Formattable<T>

Logger

RangeOf<T>