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UTF-16 to UTF-8
Convert a UTF-16 encoded string to an array of integers using UTF-8 encoding.
Installation
npm install @stdlib/string-utf16-to-utf8-array
Usage
var utf16ToUTF8Array = require( '@stdlib/string-utf16-to-utf8-array' );
utf16ToUTF8Array( str )
Converts a UTF-16 encoded string to an array
of integers using UTF-8 encoding.
var out = utf16ToUTF8Array( '☃' );
Notes
-
UTF-16 encoding uses one 16-bit unit for non-surrogates (U+0000
to U+D7FF
and U+E000
to U+FFFF
).
-
UTF-16 encoding uses two 16-bit units (surrogate pairs) for U+10000
to U+10FFFF
and encodes U+10000-U+10FFFF
by subtracting 0x10000
from the code point, expressing the result as a 20-bit binary, and splitting the 20 bits of 0x0-0xFFFFF
as upper and lower 10-bits. The respective 10-bits are stored in two 16-bit words: a high and a low surrogate.
-
UTF-8 is defined to encode code points in one to four bytes, depending on the number of significant bits in the numerical value of the code point. Encoding uses the following byte sequences:
0x00000000 - 0x0000007F:
0xxxxxxx
0x00000080 - 0x000007FF:
110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
0x00000800 - 0x0000FFFF:
1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
0x00010000 - 0x001FFFFF:
11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
where an x
represents a code point bit. Only the shortest possible multi-byte sequence which can represent a code point is used.
Examples
var utf16ToUTF8Array = require( '@stdlib/string-utf16-to-utf8-array' );
var values;
var out;
var i;
values = [
'Ladies + Gentlemen',
'An encoded string!',
'Dogs, Cats & Mice',
'☃',
'æ',
'𐐷'
];
for ( i = 0; i < values.length; i++ ) {
out = utf16ToUTF8Array( values[ i ] );
console.log( '%s: %s', values[ i ], out.join( ',' ) );
}
Notice
This package is part of stdlib, a standard library for JavaScript and Node.js, with an emphasis on numerical and scientific computing. The library provides a collection of robust, high performance libraries for mathematics, statistics, streams, utilities, and more.
For more information on the project, filing bug reports and feature requests, and guidance on how to develop stdlib, see the main project repository.
License
See LICENSE.
Copyright
Copyright © 2016-2024. The Stdlib Authors.