What is bootstrap?
Bootstrap is a powerful front-end framework for faster and easier web development. It includes HTML, CSS, and JavaScript components for building responsive and mobile-first websites.
What are bootstrap's main functionalities?
Responsive Grid System
Bootstrap's grid system allows you to create responsive layouts that adapt to the screen size of devices.
<div class='container'>
<div class='row'>
<div class='col-md-4'>.col-md-4</div>
<div class='col-md-4'>.col-md-4</div>
<div class='col-md-4'>.col-md-4</div>
</div>
</div>
Pre-styled Components
Bootstrap provides a wide range of pre-styled components such as buttons, forms, modals, etc., that can be easily customized and used in web projects.
<button type='button' class='btn btn-primary'>Primary Button</button>
JavaScript Plugins
Bootstrap comes with several jQuery plugins that add interactive features such as modals, dropdowns, and carousels.
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
$('#myModal').modal('toggle');
});
</script>
Utility Classes
Bootstrap includes utility classes for spacing, text alignment, display properties, and more, which help in fine-tuning the layout and design.
<div class='text-center mt-3 mb-4'>Centered text with margin top and bottom</div>
Other packages similar to bootstrap
foundation-sites
Foundation is a responsive front-end framework similar to Bootstrap but with a more semantic approach to the grid system and components.
bulma
Bulma is a modern CSS framework based on Flexbox. It is lightweight compared to Bootstrap as it doesn't include JavaScript components.
tailwindcss
Tailwind CSS is a utility-first CSS framework that provides low-level utility classes to build custom designs without writing CSS from scratch. It differs from Bootstrap's component-based approach.
semantic-ui
Semantic UI is a development framework that helps create beautiful, responsive layouts using human-friendly HTML. It offers a different philosophy with a focus on semantics and readability.
uikit
UIkit is a lightweight and modular front-end framework for developing fast and powerful web interfaces. It offers a comprehensive collection of HTML, CSS, and JS components which are simple to use, easy to customize, and extendable.
Bootstrap is a sleek, intuitive, and powerful front-end framework for faster and easier web development, created by Mark Otto and Jacob Thornton, and maintained by the core team with the massive support and involvement of the community.
To get started, check out https://getbootstrap.com/!
Table of contents
Quick start
Several quick start options are available:
- Download the latest release.
- Clone the repo:
git clone https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap.git
. - Install with Bower:
bower install bootstrap
. - Install with npm:
npm install bootstrap@3
. - Install with Meteor:
meteor add twbs:bootstrap
. - Install with Composer:
composer require twbs/bootstrap
.
Read the Getting started page for information on the framework contents, templates and examples, and more.
What's included
Within the download you'll find the following directories and files, logically grouping common assets and providing both compiled and minified variations. You'll see something like this:
bootstrap/
├── css/
│ ├── bootstrap.css
│ ├── bootstrap.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap.min.css
│ ├── bootstrap.min.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap-theme.css
│ ├── bootstrap-theme.css.map
│ ├── bootstrap-theme.min.css
│ └── bootstrap-theme.min.css.map
├── js/
│ ├── bootstrap.js
│ └── bootstrap.min.js
└── fonts/
├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot
├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg
├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf
├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff
└── glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff2
We provide compiled CSS and JS (bootstrap.*
), as well as compiled and minified CSS and JS (bootstrap.min.*
). CSS source maps (bootstrap.*.map
) are available for use with certain browsers' developer tools. Fonts from Glyphicons are included, as is the optional Bootstrap theme.
Bugs and feature requests
Have a bug or a feature request? Please first read the issue guidelines and search for existing and closed issues. If your problem or idea is not addressed yet, please open a new issue.
Note that feature requests must target Bootstrap v4, because Bootstrap v3 is now in maintenance mode and is closed off to new features. This is so that we can focus our efforts on Bootstrap v4.
Documentation
Bootstrap's documentation, included in this repo in the root directory, is built with Jekyll and publicly hosted on GitHub Pages at https://getbootstrap.com/. The docs may also be run locally.
Running documentation locally
- If necessary, install Jekyll and other Ruby dependencies with
bundle install
.
Note for Windows users: Read this guide to get Jekyll up and running without problems. - From the root
/bootstrap
directory, run bundle exec jekyll serve
in the command line. - Open
http://localhost:9001
in your browser, and voilà.
Learn more about using Jekyll by reading its documentation.
Documentation for previous releases
Documentation for v2.3.2 has been made available for the time being at https://getbootstrap.com/2.3.2/ while folks transition to Bootstrap 3.
Previous releases and their documentation are also available for download.
Contributing
Please read through our contributing guidelines. Included are directions for opening issues, coding standards, and notes on development.
Moreover, if your pull request contains JavaScript patches or features, you must include relevant unit tests. All HTML and CSS should conform to the Code Guide, maintained by Mark Otto.
Bootstrap v3 is now closed off to new features. It has gone into maintenance mode so that we can focus our efforts on Bootstrap v4, the future of the framework. Pull requests which add new features (rather than fix bugs) should target Bootstrap v4 (the v4-dev
git branch) instead.
Editor preferences are available in the editor config for easy use in common text editors. Read more and download plugins at https://editorconfig.org/.
Get updates on Bootstrap's development and chat with the project maintainers and community members.
- Follow @getbootstrap on Twitter.
- Read and subscribe to The Official Bootstrap Blog.
- Join the official Slack room.
- Chat with fellow Bootstrappers in IRC. On the
irc.freenode.net
server, in the ##bootstrap
channel. - Implementation help may be found at Stack Overflow (tagged
twitter-bootstrap-3
). - Developers should use the keyword
bootstrap
on packages which modify or add to the functionality of Bootstrap when distributing through npm or similar delivery mechanisms for maximum discoverability.
Versioning
For transparency into our release cycle and in striving to maintain backward compatibility, Bootstrap is maintained under the Semantic Versioning guidelines. Sometimes we screw up, but we'll adhere to those rules whenever possible.
See the Releases section of our GitHub project for changelogs for each release version of Bootstrap. Release announcement posts on the official Bootstrap blog contain summaries of the most noteworthy changes made in each release.
Thanks
Thanks to BrowserStack for providing the infrastructure that allows us to test in real browsers!
Creators
Mark Otto
Jacob Thornton
Copyright and license
Code and documentation copyright 2011-2018 Twitter, Inc. Code released under the MIT license. Docs released under Creative Commons.