Tiny, fast, and elegant implementation of core jQuery designed specifically for the server
Cheerio is a fast, flexible, and lean implementation of core jQuery designed specifically for the server. It allows users to manipulate and traverse HTML documents with a familiar jQuery-like API in a Node.js environment.
HTML Parsing
Cheerio can parse HTML and allows you to select and manipulate HTML elements in a way similar to jQuery.
const cheerio = require('cheerio');
const $ = cheerio.load('<h2 class="title">Hello world</h2>');
$('h2.title').text('Hello there!');
$('h2').addClass('welcome');
console.log($.html());DOM Traversal
Cheerio provides methods to traverse the DOM tree, such as selecting elements by class, id, or tag name.
const cheerio = require('cheerio');
const $ = cheerio.load('<ul id="fruits"><li class="apple">Apple</li><li class="orange">Orange</li></ul>');
$('.apple', '#fruits').text();
$('ul .apple').attr('class');DOM Manipulation
Cheerio allows you to manipulate the DOM by adding, removing, or modifying elements and their attributes.
const cheerio = require('cheerio');
const $ = cheerio.load('<ul id="fruits"></ul>');
$('#fruits').append('<li>Banana</li>');
$('#fruits').prepend('<li>Apple</li>');
$('#fruits').after('<p>Nothing to see here</p>');jsdom is a pure-JavaScript implementation of many web standards, notably the WHATWG DOM and HTML Standards. It is more heavyweight than cheerio as it aims to provide a complete browsing environment, but it is useful for more complex scenarios where a full DOM API is needed.
Puppeteer is a Node library which provides a high-level API to control Chrome or Chromium over the DevTools Protocol. It is different from cheerio as it allows for browser automation, including but not limited to DOM manipulation, and is capable of rendering and screenshotting web pages.
const cheerio = require('cheerio');
const $ = cheerio.load('<h2 class="title">Hello world</h2>');
$('h2.title').text('Hello there!');
$('h2').addClass('welcome');
$.html();
//=> <html><head></head><body><h2 class="title welcome">Hello there!</h2></body></html>
We are currently working on the 1.0.0 release of cheerio on the main branch. The source code for the last published version, 0.22.0, can be found here.
npm install cheerio
❤ Familiar syntax: Cheerio implements a subset of core jQuery. Cheerio removes all the DOM inconsistencies and browser cruft from the jQuery library, revealing its truly gorgeous API.
ϟ Blazingly fast: Cheerio works with a very simple, consistent DOM model. As a result parsing, manipulating, and rendering are incredibly efficient.
❁ Incredibly flexible: Cheerio wraps around parse5 parser and can optionally use @FB55's forgiving htmlparser2. Cheerio can parse nearly any HTML or XML document.
Cheerio parses markup and provides an API for traversing/manipulating the resulting data structure. It does not interpret the result as a web browser does. Specifically, it does not produce a visual rendering, apply CSS, load external resources, or execute JavaScript. This makes Cheerio much, much faster than other solutions. If your use case requires any of this functionality, you should consider projects like Puppeteer or JSDom.
<ul id="fruits">
<li class="apple">Apple</li>
<li class="orange">Orange</li>
<li class="pear">Pear</li>
</ul>
This is the HTML markup we will be using in all of the API examples.
First you need to load in the HTML. This step in jQuery is implicit, since jQuery operates on the one, baked-in DOM. With Cheerio, we need to pass in the HTML document.
This is the preferred method:
// ES6 or TypeScript:
import * as cheerio from 'cheerio';
// In other environments:
const cheerio = require('cheerio');
const $ = cheerio.load('<ul id="fruits">...</ul>');
$.html();
//=> <html><head></head><body><ul id="fruits">...</ul></body></html>
Similar to web browser contexts, load will introduce <html>, <head>, and <body> elements if they are not already present. You can set load's third argument to false to disable this.
const $ = cheerio.load('<ul id="fruits">...</ul>', null, false);
$.html();
//=> '<ul id="fruits">...</ul>'
Optionally, you can also load in the HTML by passing the string as the context:
const $ = require('cheerio');
$('ul', '<ul id="fruits">...</ul>');
Or as the root:
const $ = require('cheerio');
$('li', 'ul', '<ul id="fruits">...</ul>');
If you need to modify parsing options for XML input, you may pass an extra
object to .load():
const $ = cheerio.load('<ul id="fruits">...</ul>', {
xml: {
normalizeWhitespace: true,
},
});
The options in the xml object are taken directly from htmlparser2, therefore any options that can be used in htmlparser2 are valid in cheerio as well. When xml is set, the default options are:
{
xmlMode: true,
decodeEntities: true, // Decode HTML entities.
withStartIndices: false, // Add a `startIndex` property to nodes.
withEndIndices: false, // Add an `endIndex` property to nodes.
}
For a full list of options and their effects, see domhandler and htmlparser2's options.
Some users may wish to parse markup with the htmlparser2 library, and
traverse/manipulate the resulting structure with Cheerio. This may be the case
for those upgrading from pre-1.0 releases of Cheerio (which relied on
htmlparser2), for those dealing with invalid markup (because htmlparser2 is
more forgiving), or for those operating in performance-critical situations
(because htmlparser2 may be faster in some cases). Note that "more forgiving"
means htmlparser2 has error-correcting mechanisms that aren't always a match
for the standards observed by web browsers. This behavior may be useful when
parsing non-HTML content.
To support these cases, load also accepts a htmlparser2-compatible data
structure as its first argument. Users may install htmlparser2, use it to
parse input, and pass the result to load:
// Usage as of htmlparser2 version 6:
const htmlparser2 = require('htmlparser2');
const dom = htmlparser2.parseDocument(document, options);
const $ = cheerio.load(dom);
Cheerio's selector implementation is nearly identical to jQuery's, so the API is very similar.
selector searches within the context scope which searches within the root scope. selector and context can be a string expression, DOM Element, array of DOM elements, or cheerio object. root is typically the HTML document string.
This selector method is the starting point for traversing and manipulating the document. Like jQuery, it's the primary method for selecting elements in the document, but unlike jQuery it's built on top of the CSSSelect library, which implements most of the Sizzle selectors.
$('.apple', '#fruits').text();
//=> Apple
$('ul .pear').attr('class');
//=> pear
$('li[class=orange]').html();
//=> Orange
You can select with XML Namespaces but due to the CSS specification, the colon (:) needs to be escaped for the selector to be valid.
$('[xml\\:id="main"');
When you're ready to render the document, you can call the html method on the "root" selection:
$.root().html();
//=> <html>
// <head></head>
// <body>
// <ul id="fruits">
// <li class="apple">Apple</li>
// <li class="orange">Orange</li>
// <li class="pear">Pear</li>
// </ul>
// </body>
// </html>
If you want to render the outerHTML of a selection, you can use the html utility functon:
cheerio.html($('.pear'));
//=> <li class="pear">Pear</li>
By default, html will leave some tags open. Sometimes you may instead want to render a valid XML document. For example, you might parse the following XML snippet:
const $ = cheerio.load('<media:thumbnail url="http://www.foo.com/keyframe.jpg" width="75" height="50" time="12:05:01.123"/>');
... and later want to render to XML. To do this, you can use the 'xml' utility function:
$.xml();
//=> <media:thumbnail url="http://www.foo.com/keyframe.jpg" width="75" height="50" time="12:05:01.123"/>
You may also render the text content of a Cheerio object using the text static method:
const $ = cheerio.load('This is <em>content</em>.');
cheerio.text($('body'));
//=> This is content.
Once you have loaded a document, you may extend the prototype or the equivalent fn property with custom plugin methods:
const $ = cheerio.load('<html><body>Hello, <b>world</b>!</body></html>');
$.prototype.logHtml = function () {
console.log(this.html());
};
$('body').logHtml(); // logs "Hello, <b>world</b>!" to the console
Cheerio collections are made up of objects that bear some resemblance to browser-based DOM nodes. You can expect them to define the following properties:
tagNameparentNodepreviousSiblingnextSiblingnodeValuefirstChildchildNodeslastChildThis video tutorial is a follow-up to Nettut's "How to Scrape Web Pages with Node.js and jQuery", using cheerio instead of JSDOM + jQuery. This video shows how easy it is to use cheerio and how much faster cheerio is than JSDOM + jQuery.
Are you using cheerio in production? Add it to the wiki!
To run the test suite, download the repository, then within the cheerio directory, run:
make setup
make test
This will download the development packages and run the test suite.
Does your company use Cheerio in production? Please consider sponsoring this project! Your help will allow maintainers to dedicate more time and resources to its development and support.
Become a backer to show your support for Cheerio and help us maintain and improve this open source project.
This library stands on the shoulders of some incredible developers. A special thanks to:
• @FB55 for node-htmlparser2 & CSSSelect:
Felix has a knack for writing speedy parsing engines. He completely re-wrote both @tautologistic's node-htmlparser and @harry's node-soupselect from the ground up, making both of them much faster and more flexible. Cheerio would not be possible without his foundational work
• @jQuery team for jQuery: The core API is the best of its class and despite dealing with all the browser inconsistencies the code base is extremely clean and easy to follow. Much of cheerio's implementation and documentation is from jQuery. Thanks guys.
• @visionmedia: The style, the structure, the open-source"-ness" of this library comes from studying TJ's style and using many of his libraries. This dude consistently pumps out high-quality libraries and has always been more than willing to help or answer questions. You rock TJ.
MIT
FAQs
The fast, flexible & elegant library for parsing and manipulating HTML and XML.
The npm package cheerio receives a total of 7,670,444 weekly downloads. As such, cheerio popularity was classified as popular.
We found that cheerio demonstrated a healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released less than a year ago. It has 2 open source maintainers collaborating on the project.
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