date-and-time

What is date-and-time?

The date-and-time npm package is a lightweight library for date and time manipulation in JavaScript. It provides a variety of functions for parsing, formatting, adding, subtracting, and comparing dates and times.

What are date-and-time's main functionalities?

Formatting Dates

This feature allows you to format dates into various string representations. The format method takes a date object and a format string as arguments.

const date = new Date(2023, 9, 10);
const dateAndTime = require('date-and-time');
const formattedDate = dateAndTime.format(date, 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm:ss');
console.log(formattedDate); // Output: 2023/10/10 00:00:00

Parsing Dates

This feature allows you to parse date strings into JavaScript Date objects. The parse method takes a date string and a format string as arguments.

const dateAndTime = require('date-and-time');
const dateString = '2023/10/10 00:00:00';
const parsedDate = dateAndTime.parse(dateString, 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm:ss');
console.log(parsedDate); // Output: Tue Oct 10 2023 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)

Adding and Subtracting Time

This feature allows you to add or subtract time units (days, months, years, etc.) from a date. The addDays and addMonths methods are used in this example.

const dateAndTime = require('date-and-time');
let date = new Date(2023, 9, 10);
date = dateAndTime.addDays(date, 5);
console.log(date); // Output: Sun Oct 15 2023 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)
date = dateAndTime.addMonths(date, -1);
console.log(date); // Output: Fri Sep 15 2023 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)

Comparing Dates

This feature allows you to compare dates. The isSameDay method checks if two dates fall on the same day.

const dateAndTime = require('date-and-time');
const date1 = new Date(2023, 9, 10);
const date2 = new Date(2023, 9, 15);
const isSameDay = dateAndTime.isSameDay(date1, date2);
console.log(isSameDay); // Output: false

Other packages similar to date-and-time

moment

Moment.js is a widely-used library for date and time manipulation. It offers extensive functionality for parsing, validating, manipulating, and formatting dates. Compared to date-and-time, Moment.js is more feature-rich but also larger in size.

date-fns

date-fns is a modern JavaScript date utility library that provides a comprehensive set of functions for date manipulation. It is modular, allowing you to import only the functions you need, making it more lightweight compared to Moment.js. date-fns is similar to date-and-time in terms of functionality but offers a more functional programming approach.

luxon

Luxon is a modern library for working with dates and times in JavaScript. It is built by one of the Moment.js developers and offers a more modern API with better support for internationalization. Luxon is more feature-rich than date-and-time and is designed to be a more modern alternative to Moment.js.

README

date-and-time

This library is a minimalist collection of functions for manipulating JS date and time. It's tiny, simple, easy to learn.

Why

JS modules nowadays are getting more huge and complex, and there are also many dependencies. Trying to keep each module simple and small is meaningful.

Features

• Minimalist. Less than 2k. (minified and gzipped)
• Extensible. Plugin system support.
• Multi language support.
• Universal / Isomorphic. Wherever JS runtime works.
• Older browser support. Even works on IE6. :)

Install

• via npm:

npm install date-and-time --save

• local:

<script src="/path/to/date-and-time.min.js"></script>

Recent Changes

• 0.12.0

  • The parser now supports Z token to parse timezone offset.

  • (Breaking Change) Excleded YY token from the parser, added it as two-digit-year plugin.

  • (Breaking Change) Decided to change the default behavior of A token to fix the non-intuitive definition. Sepcifically, in the format() it now outputs AM / PM instead of a.m. / p.m., and in the parse() it recognizes AM / PM only. Other A tokens are supported as meridiem plugin.

    token	new meaning	example	default
    A	meridiem (uppercase)	AM, PM	✔️
    AA	meridiem (uppercase with ellipsis)	A.M., P.M.
    a	meridiem (lowercase)	am, pm
    aa	meridiem (lowercase with ellipsis)	a.m., p.m.

• 0.11.0

  • Added compile() function that precompiling a date-time string for the parser. If you need to process many date-time string with one format, you could get results faster than before by precompiling the format string with this function.

  // We have passed a string format at the 2nd parameter each time when calling the parse() function.
  date.parse('Mar 22 2019 2:54:21 PM', 'MMM D YYYY h:m:s A');
  date.parse('Jul 27 2019 4:15:24 AM', 'MMM D YYYY h:m:s A');
  date.parse('Dec 25 2019 3:51:11 AM', 'MMM D YYYY h:m:s A');
  
  // You can precompile the string format.
  const pattern = date.compile('MMM D YYYY h:m:s A');
  
  // The parse() will be able to finish faster than passing the format string each time.
  date.parse('Mar 22 2019 2:54:21 PM', pattern);
  date.parse('Jul 27 2019 4:15:24 AM', pattern);
  date.parse('Dec 25 2019 3:51:11 AM', pattern);
  

  const pattern = date.compile('MMM D YYYY h:m:s A');
  
  // The isValid() will also too.
  date.isValid('Mar 22 2019 2:54:21 PM', pattern);
  

• 0.10.0

  • (Breaking Change) YYYY token now requires 4 digits in the parse(), preparse() and isValid().

  date.parse('31-12-0123', 'DD-MM-YYYY');   // Good
  date.parse('31-12-123', 'DD-MM-YYYY');    // Not good
  

  • (Breaking Change) YY token now requires 2 digits in the same functions.

  date.parse('31-12-03', 'DD-MM-YY');   // Good, but it assumes the year is 2003.
  date.parse('31-12-3', 'DD-MM-YY');    // Not good
  

  • Added Y token to support year without zero-padding in the same functions.

  date.parse('31-12-123', 'DD-MM-Y');   // Good, 123 AD.
  date.parse('31-12-3', 'DD-MM-Y');     // Good, 3 AD.
  

Usage

• Node.js:

const date = require('date-and-time');

• With a transpiler:

import date from 'date-and-time';

• The browser:

window.date;    // global object

API

format(dateObj, formatString[, utc])

• Formatting a date.
  • @param {Date} dateObj - a Date object
  • @param {string} formatString - a format string
  • @param {boolean} [utc] - output as UTC
  • @returns {string} a formatted string

const now = new Date();
date.format(now, 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm:ss');    // => '2015/01/02 23:14:05'
date.format(now, 'ddd, MMM DD YYYY');       // => 'Fri, Jan 02 2015'
date.format(now, 'hh:mm A [GMT]Z');         // => '11:14 PM GMT-0800'
date.format(now, 'hh:mm A [GMT]Z', true);   // => '07:14 AM GMT+0000'

Available tokens and their meanings are as follows:

token	meaning	examples of output
YYYY	four-digit year	0999, 2015
YY	two-digit year	99, 01, 15
Y	four-digit year without zero-padding	2, 44, 888, 2015
MMMM	month name (long)	January, December
MMM	month name (short)	Jan, Dec
MM	month with zero-padding	01, 12
M	month	1, 12
DD	date with zero-padding	02, 31
D	date	2, 31
dddd	day of week (long)	Friday, Sunday
ddd	day of week (short)	Fri, Sun
dd	day of week (very short)	Fr, Su
HH	24-hour with zero-padding	23, 08
H	24-hour	23, 8
hh	12-hour with zero-padding	11, 08
h	12-hour	11, 8
A	meridiem (uppercase)	AM, PM
mm	minute with zero-padding	14, 07
m	minute	14, 7
ss	second with zero-padding	05, 10
s	second	5, 10
SSS	millisecond (high accuracy)	753, 022
SS	millisecond (middle accuracy)	75, 02
S	millisecond (low accuracy)	7, 0
Z	timezone offset	+0100, -0800

You could also use the following tokens by importing plugins. See PLUGINS.md for details.

token	meaning	examples of output
DDD	ordinal notation of date	1st, 2nd, 3rd
AA	meridiem (uppercase with ellipsis)	A.M., P.M.
a	meridiem (lowercase)	am, pm
aa	meridiem (lowercase with ellipsis)	a.m., p.m.

NOTE 1. Comments

String in parenthese [...] in the formatString will be ignored as comments:

date.format(new Date(), 'DD-[MM]-YYYY');    // => '02-MM-2015'
date.format(new Date(), '[DD-[MM]-YYYY]');  // => 'DD-[MM]-YYYY'

NOTE 2. Output as UTC

This function usually outputs a local date-time string. Set to true the utc option (the 3rd parameter) if you would like to get a UTC date-time string.

date.format(new Date(), 'hh:mm A [GMT]Z');          // => '11:14 PM GMT-0800'
date.format(new Date(), 'hh:mm A [GMT]Z', true);    // => '07:14 AM GMT+0000'

NOTE 3. More Tokens

You could also define your own tokens. See EXTEND.md for details.

---

parse(dateString, arg[, utc])

• Parsing a date string.
  • @param {string} dateString - a date string
  • @param {string|Array.<string>} arg - a format string or a compiled object
  • @param {boolean} [utc] - input as UTC
  • @returns {Date} a constructed date

date.parse('2015/01/02 23:14:05', 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm:ss');   // => Jan 2 2015 23:14:05 GMT-0800
date.parse('02-01-2015', 'DD-MM-YYYY');                     // => Jan 2 2015 00:00:00 GMT-0800
date.parse('11:14:05 PM', 'hh:mm:ss A');                    // => Jan 1 1970 23:14:05 GMT-0800
date.parse('11:14:05 PM', 'hh:mm:ss A', true);              // => Jan 1 1970 23:14:05 GMT+0000 (Jan 1 1970 15:14:05 GMT-0800)
date.parse('23:14:05 GMT+0900', 'HH:mm:ss [GMT]Z');         // => Jan 1 1970 23:14:05 GMT+0900 (Jan 1 1970 06:14:05 GMT-0800)
date.parse('Jam 1 2017', 'MMM D YYYY');                     // => Invalid Date
date.parse('Feb 29 2017', 'MMM D YYYY');                    // => Invalid Date

Available tokens and their meanings are as follows:

token	meaning	examples of acceptable form
YYYY	four-digit year	0999, 2015
Y	four-digit year without zero-padding	2, 44, 88, 2015
MMMM	month name (long)	January, December
MMM	month name (short)	Jan, Dec
MM	month with zero-padding	01, 12
M	month	1, 12
DD	date with zero-padding	02, 31
D	date	2, 31
HH	24-hour with zero-padding	23, 08
H	24-hour	23, 8
hh	12-hour with zero-padding	11, 08
h	12-hour	11, 8
A	meridiem (uppercase)	AM, PM
mm	minute with zero-padding	14, 07
m	minute	14, 7
ss	second with zero-padding	05, 10
s	second	5, 10
SSS	millisecond (high accuracy)	753, 022
SS	millisecond (middle accuracy)	75, 02
S	millisecond (low accuracy)	7, 0
Z	timezone offset	+0100, -0800

You could also use the following tokens by importing plugins. See PLUGINS.md for details.

token	meaning	examples of acceptable form
YY	two-digit year	90, 00, 08, 19
Y	two-digit year without zero-padding	90, 0, 8, 19
A	meridiem	AM, PM, A.M., P.M., am, pm, a.m., p.m.

NOTE 1. Invalid Date

If the function fails to parse, it will return Invalid Date. Notice that the Invalid Date is a Date object, not NaN or null. You could tell whether the Date object is invalid as follows:

const today = date.parse('Jam 1 2017', 'MMM D YYYY');

if (isNaN(today)) {
    // Failure
}

NOTE 2. Input as UTC

This function usually assumes the dateString is a local date-time. Set to true the utc option (the 3rd parameter) if it is a UTC date-time.

date.parse('11:14:05 PM', 'hh:mm:ss A');          // => Jan 1 1970 23:14:05 GMT-0800
date.parse('11:14:05 PM', 'hh:mm:ss A', true);    // => Jan 1 1970 23:14:05 GMT+0000 (Jan 1 1970 15:14:05 GMT-0800)

NOTE 3. Default Date Time

Default date is January 1, 1970, time is 00:00:00.000. Values not passed will be complemented with them:

date.parse('11:14:05 PM', 'hh:mm:ss A');    // => Jan 1 1970 23:14:05 GMT-0800
date.parse('Feb 2000', 'MMM YYYY');         // => Feb 1 2000 00:00:00 GMT-0800

NOTE 4. Max Date / Min Date

Parsable maximum date is December 31, 9999, minimum date is January 1, 0001.

date.parse('Dec 31 9999', 'MMM D YYYY');    // => Dec 31 9999 00:00:00 GMT-0800
date.parse('Dec 31 10000', 'MMM D YYYY');   // => Invalid Date

date.parse('Jan 1 0001', 'MMM D YYYY');     // => Jan 1 0001 00:00:00 GMT-0800
date.parse('Jan 1 0000', 'MMM D YYYY');     // => Invalid Date

NOTE 5. 12-hour notation and Meridiem

If use hh or h (12-hour) token, use together A (meridiem) token to get the right value.

date.parse('11:14:05', 'hh:mm:ss');         // => Jan 1 1970 11:14:05 GMT-0800
date.parse('11:14:05 PM', 'hh:mm:ss A');    // => Jan 1 1970 23:14:05 GMT-0800

NOTE 6. Comments

String in parenthese [...] in the formatString will be ignored as comments:

date.parse('12 hours 34 minutes', 'HH hours mm minutes');       // => Invalid Date
date.parse('12 hours 34 minutes', 'HH [hours] mm [minutes]');   // => Jan 1 1970 12:34:00 GMT-0800

NOTE 7. Wildcard

A white space works as a wildcard token. This token is not interpret into anything. This means it can be ignored a specific variable string. For example, when you would like to ignore a time part from a date string, you can write as follows:

// This will be an error.
date.parse('2015/01/02 11:14:05', 'YYYY/MM/DD');            // => Invalid Date
// Append the same length white spaces behind the formatString.
date.parse('2015/01/02 11:14:05', 'YYYY/MM/DD         ');   // => Jan 2 2015 00:00:00 GMT-0800

---

compile(formatString)

• Compiling a format string for the parser.
  • @param {string} formatString - a format string
  • @returns {Array.<string>} a compiled object

  const pattern = date.compile('MMM D YYYY h:m:s A');

  date.parse('Mar 22 2019 2:54:21 PM', pattern);
  date.parse('Jul 27 2019 4:15:24 AM', pattern);
  date.parse('Dec 25 2019 3:51:11 AM', pattern);

If you are going to call the parse() or the isValid() many times with one string format, recommended to precompile and reuse it for performance.

---

preparse(dateString, arg)

• Pre-parsing a date string.
  • @param {string} dateString - a date string
  • @param {string|Array.<string>} arg - a format string or a compiled object
  • @returns {Object} a date structure

This function takes exactly the same parameters with the parse(), but returns a date structure as follows unlike that:

date.preparse('Fri Jan 2015 02 23:14:05 GMT-0800', '    MMM YYYY DD HH:mm:ss [GMT]Z');

{
    Y: 2015,        // Year
    M: 1,           // Month
    D: 2,           // Day
    H: 23,          // 24-hour
    A: 0,           // Meridiem
    h: 0,           // 12-hour
    m: 14,          // Minute
    s: 5,           // Second
    S: 0,           // Millisecond
    Z: 480,         // Timsezone offset
    _index: 33,     // Pointer offset
    _length: 33,    // Length of the date string
    _match: 7       // Token matching count
}

This date structure provides a parsing result. You would be able to tell from it how the date string was parsed(, or why the parsing was failed).

---

isValid(arg1[, arg2])

• Validation.
  • @param {Object|string} arg1 - a date structure or a date string
  • @param {string|Array.<string>} [arg2] - a format string or a compiled object
  • @returns {boolean} whether the date string is a valid date

This function takes either exactly the same parameters with the parse() or a date structure which the preparse() returns, evaluates the validity of them.

date.isValid('2015/01/02 23:14:05', 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm:ss'); // => true
date.isValid('29-02-2015', 'DD-MM-YYYY');                   // => false

const result = date.preparse('2015/01/02 23:14:05', 'YYYY/MM/DD HH:mm:ss');
date.isValid(result);   // => true

---

addYears(dateObj, years)

• Adding years.
  • @param {Date} dateObj - a Date object
  • @param {number} years - number of years to add
  • @returns {Date} a date after adding the value

const now = new Date();
const next_year = date.addYears(now, 1);

---

addMonths(dateObj, months)

• Adding months.
  • @param {Date} dateObj - a Date object
  • @param {number} months - number of months to add
  • @returns {Date} a date after adding the value

const now = new Date();
const next_month = date.addMonths(now, 1);

---

addDays(dateObj, days)

• Adding days.
  • @param {Date} dateObj - a Date object
  • @param {number} days - number of days to add
  • @returns {Date} a date after adding the value

const now = new Date();
const yesterday = date.addDays(now, -1);

---

addHours(dateObj, hours)

• Adding hours.
  • @param {Date} dateObj - a Date object
  • @param {number} hours - number of hours to add
  • @returns {Date} a date after adding the value

const now = new Date();
const an_hour_ago = date.addHours(now, -1);

---

addMinutes(dateObj, minutes)

• Adding minutes.
  • @param {Date} dateObj - a Date object
  • @param {number} minutes - number of minutes to add
  • @returns {Date} a date after adding the value

const now = new Date();
const two_minutes_later = date.addMinutes(now, 2);

---

addSeconds(dateObj, seconds)

• Adding seconds.
  • @param {Date} dateObj - a Date object
  • @param {number} seconds - number of seconds to add
  • @returns {Date} a date after adding the value

const now = new Date();
const three_seconds_ago = date.addSeconds(now, -3);

---

addMilliseconds(dateObj, milliseconds)

• Adding milliseconds.
  • @param {Date} dateObj - a Date object
  • @param {number} milliseconds - number of milliseconds to add
  • @returns {Date} a date after adding the value

const now = new Date();
const a_millisecond_later = date.addMilliseconds(now, 1);

---

subtract(date1, date2)

• Subtracting.
  • @param {Date} date1 - a Date object
  • @param {Date} date2 - a Date object
  • @returns {Object} a result object subtracting date2 from date1

const today = new Date(2015, 0, 2);
const yesterday = new Date(2015, 0, 1);

date.subtract(today, yesterday).toDays();           // => 1 = today - yesterday
date.subtract(today, yesterday).toHours();          // => 24
date.subtract(today, yesterday).toMinutes();        // => 1440
date.subtract(today, yesterday).toSeconds();        // => 86400
date.subtract(today, yesterday).toMilliseconds();   // => 86400000

---

isLeapYear(y)

• Leap year.
  • @param {number} y - year
  • @returns {boolean} whether the year is a leap year

date.isLeapYear(2015);  // => false
date.isLeapYear(2012);  // => true

---

isSameDay(date1, date2)

• Comparison of two dates.
  • @param {Date} date1 - a Date object
  • @param {Date} date2 - a Date object
  • @returns {boolean} whether the dates are the same day (times are ignored)

const date1 = new Date(2017, 0, 2, 0);          // Jan 2 2017 00:00:00
const date2 = new Date(2017, 0, 2, 23, 59);     // Jan 2 2017 23:59:00
const date3 = new Date(2017, 0, 1, 23, 59);     // Jan 1 2017 23:59:00
date.isSameDay(date1, date2);   // => true
date.isSameDay(date1, date3);   // => false

---

locale([code[, locale]])

• Change locale or setting a new locale definition.
  • @param {string} [code] - language code
  • @param {Object} [locale] - locale definition
  • @returns {string} current language code

It returns a current language code if called without any parameters.

date.locale();  // => "en"

To switch to any other language, call it with a language code.

date.locale('es');  // Switch to Spanish

See LOCALE.md for details.

---

extend(extension)

• Locale extension.
  • @param {Object} extension - locale definition
  • @returns {void}

Extend a current locale. See EXTEND.md for details.

---

plugin(name[, extension])

• Plugin import or definition.
  • @param {string} name - plugin name
  • @param {Object} [extension] - locale definition
  • @returns {void}

Plugin is a named locale definition defined with the extend(). See PLUGINS.md for details.

---

Browser Support

Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge, and Internet Explorer 6+.

License

MIT