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Threat Actor Exposes Playbook for Exploiting npm to Build Blockchain-Powered Botnets
A threat actor's playbook for exploiting the npm ecosystem was exposed on the dark web, detailing how to build a blockchain-powered botnet.
This is a reference implementation for the ERC-7656 standard taken from the Cruna Protocol implementation, which also has full coverage of the smart contracts.
The following bytecode:
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
has been deployed to erc7656.eth, i.e.:
0x7656f0fB4Ca6973cf99D910B36705a2dEDA97eA1
via Nick's Factory using the following salt:
0x765600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000cf7e
on the following mainnets:
Etherum
Polygon
BNB Chain
Base
and the following testnets:
Avalanche Fuji
Celo Alfajores
Base Sepolia
Arbitrum Sepolia
The code has been verified on most mainnets.
Look at contracts/bytecode.json
for the details.
To see if it has been deployed by others on other chains, look at https://blockscan.com/address/0x7656f0fB4Ca6973cf99D910B36705a2dEDA97eA1
Install it as a dependency
npm i erc7656 @openzeppelin/contracts
Make your nft able to deploy plugins
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// Compatible with OpenZeppelin Contracts ^5.0.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {ERC721} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
import {Ownable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import {ERC7656DeployLib} from "erc7656/utils/ERC7656DeployLib.sol";
contract MyExpandableToken is ERC721, Ownable {
error NotTheTokenOwner();
constructor(address initialOwner)
ERC721("MyExpandableToken", "MET")
Ownable(initialOwner) {
}
function safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) public onlyOwner {
_safeMint(to, tokenId);
}
function deployContractsOwnedByTheTokenId(
address implementation,
bytes32 salt,
uint256 tokenId
) external payable virtual override {
if (_msgSender() != ownerOf(tokenId)) revert NotTheTokenOwner();
// passing address(0) as the registry address because we use the canonical one
ERC7656DeployLib.deploy(implementation, salt, address(this), tokenId, address(0));
}
}
To make your plugin extend exr7656/ERC7656Service.sol
or erc7656/extensions/ERC7656ServiceExt
.
Notice that anyone can deploy a service owned by a specific token, usign whatever salt they prefer. To avoid troubles and security issues, any initial setup must be designed so that, despite who is the deployer, the result is what is expected to be. For example, if a service must get some information from the token, it should be the service the one that queries the token, not the other way around. In other words, passing any parameter to the service during the deploying opens to the possibility of a malicious deployer to pass a different set of data causing the service to behave unexpectedly.
MIT
Copyright (C) 2023+ Cruna
FAQs
ERC7656 Reference Implementation
The npm package erc7656 receives a total of 0 weekly downloads. As such, erc7656 popularity was classified as not popular.
We found that erc7656 demonstrated a healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released less than a year ago. It has 0 open source maintainers collaborating on the project.
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