nestjs-form-data

Description

nestjs-form-data is a NestJS middleware for handling multipart/form-data, which is primarily used for uploading files.

• Process files and strings, serialize form-data to object
• Process files in nested objects
• Integration with class-validator, validate files with validator decorator

nestjs-form-data serializes the form-data request into an object and places it in the body of the request. The files in the request are transformed into objects.
Standard file storage types:

• Memory storage
• File system storage

Installation

$ npm install nestjs-form-data

Add the module to your application

@Module({
  imports: [
    NestjsFormDataModule,
  ],
})
export class AppModule {
}

Usage

Apply @FormDataRequest() decorator to your controller method

@Controller()
export class NestjsFormDataController {


  @Post('load')
  @FormDataRequest()
  getHello(@Body() testDto: FormDataTestDto): void {
    console.log(testDto);
  }
}

If you are using class-validator describe dto and specify validation rules

export class FormDataTestDto {

  @IsFile()
  @MaxFileSize(1e6)
  @HasMimeType(['image/jpeg', 'image/png'])
  avatar: MemoryStoredFile;
  
}

Configuration

Static configuration

You can set the global configuration when connecting the module using the NestjsFormDataModule.config method:

@Module({
  imports: [
    NestjsFormDataModule.config({ storage: MemoryStoredFile }),
  ],
  controllers: [],
  providers: [],
})
export class AppModule {
}

Async configuration

Quite often you might want to asynchronously pass your module options instead of passing them beforehand. In such case, use configAsync() method, that provides a couple of various ways to deal with async data.

1. Use factory

NestjsFormDataModule.configAsync({
  useFactory: () => ({
    storage: MemoryStoredFile
  })
});

Our factory behaves like every other one (might be async and is able to inject dependencies through inject).

NestjsFormDataModule.configAsync({
 imports: [ConfigModule],
  useFactory: async (configService: ConfigService)  => ({
    storage: MemoryStoredFile,
    limits: {
      files: configService.get<number>('files'),
    }
  }),
 inject: [ConfigService],
});

2. Use class

NestjsFormDataModule.configAsync({
  useClass: MyNestJsFormDataConfigService
});

Above construction will instantiate MyNestJsFormDataConfigService inside NestjsFormDataModule and will leverage it to create options object.

export class MyNestJsFormDataConfigService implements NestjsFormDataConfigFactory {
  configAsync(): Promise<FormDataInterceptorConfig> | FormDataInterceptorConfig {
    return {
      storage: FileSystemStoredFile,
      fileSystemStoragePath: '/tmp/nestjs-fd',
    };
  }
}

3. Use existing

NestjsFormDataModule.configAsync({
  imports: [MyNestJsFormDataConfigModule],
  useExisting: MyNestJsFormDataConfigService
});

It works the same as useClass with one critical difference - NestjsFormDataModule will lookup imported modules to reuse already created MyNestJsFormDataConfigService, instead of instantiating it on its own.

Method level configuration

Or pass the config object while using the decorator on the method

@Controller()
export class NestjsFormDataController {


  @Post('load')
  @FormDataRequest({storage: MemoryStoredFile})
  getHello(@Body() testDto: FormDataTestDto): void {
    console.log(testDto);
  }
}

Configuration fields

• storage - The type of storage logic for the uploaded file (Default MemoryStoredFile)
• fileSystemStoragePath - The path to the directory for storing temporary files, used only for storage: FileSystemStoredFile (Default: /tmp/nestjs-tmp-storage)
• autoDeleteFile - Automatically delete files after the request ends (Default true)
• limits - busboy limits configuration. Constraints in this declaration are handled at the serialization stage, so using these parameters is preferable for performance.

File storage types

Memory storage

MemoryStoredFile The file is loaded into RAM, files with this storage type are very fast but not suitable for processing large files.

File system storage

FileSystemStoredFile The file is loaded into a temporary directory (see configuration) and is available during the processing of the request. The file is automatically deleted after the request finishes

Custom storage types

You can define a custom type of file storage, for this, inherit your class from StoredFile, see examples in the storage directory

Validation

By default, several validators are available with which you can check the file

@IsFile() - Checks if the value is an uploaded file
@IsFiles() - Checks an array of files
@MaxFileSize() - Maximum allowed file size
@MinFileSize() - Minimum allowed file size
@HasMimeType() - Check the mime type of the file

If you need to validate an array of files for size or otherwise, use each: true property from ValidationOptions

Examples

FileSystemStoredFile storage configuration

Controller

import { FileSystemStoredFile, FormDataRequest } from 'nestjs-form-data';

@Controller()
export class NestjsFormDataController {


  @Post('load')
  @FormDataRequest({storage: FileSystemStoredFile})
  getHello(@Body() testDto: FormDataTestDto): void {
    console.log(testDto);
  }
}

DTO

import { FileSystemStoredFile, HasMimeType, IsFile, MaxFileSize } from 'nestjs-form-data';


export class FormDataTestDto {

  @IsFile()
  @MaxFileSize(1e6)
  @HasMimeType(['image/jpeg', 'image/png'])
  avatar: FileSystemStoredFile;

}

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Validate the array of file

DTO

import { FileSystemStoredFile, HasMimeType, IsFiles, MaxFileSize } from 'nestjs-form-data';

export class FormDataTestDto {

  @IsFiles()
  @MaxFileSize(1e6, { each: true })
  @HasMimeType(['image/jpeg', 'image/png'], { each: true })
  avatars: FileSystemStoredFile[];

}

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License

MIT