Implementation of the consumer driven contract library Pact for Javascript.
From the Pact website:
The Pact family of frameworks provide support for Consumer Driven Contracts testing.
A Contract is a collection of agreements between a client (Consumer) and an API (Provider) that describes the interactions that can take place between them.
Consumer Driven Contracts is a pattern that drives the development of the Provider from its Consumers point of view.
Pact is a testing tool that guarantees those Contracts are satisfied.
Read Getting started with Pact for more information on how to get going.
NOTE: This project supersedes Pact Consumer JS DSL.
It's easy, simply run the below:
npm install --save-dev pact
Check out Pact JS Mocha.
To use the library on your tests, add the pact dependency:
let Pact = require('pact')
The Pact interface provides the following high-level APIs, they are listed in the order in which they typically get called in the lifecycle of testing a consumer:
| API | Options | Returns | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
pact(options) | See Pact Node documentation for options | Object | Creates a Mock Server test double of your Provider API. If you need multiple Providers for a scenario, you can create as many as these as you need. |
setup() | n/a | Promise | Start the Mock Server |
addInteraction() | Object | Promise | Register an expectation on the Mock Server, which must be called by your test case(s). You can add multiple interactions per server. These will be validated and written to a pact if successful. |
verify() | n/a | Promise | Verifies that all interactions specified |
finalize() | n/a | Promise | Records the interactions registered to the Mock Server into the pact file and shuts it down. |
removeInteractions | n/a | Promise | In some cases you might want to clear out the expectations of the Mock Service, call this to clear out any expectations for the next test run. NOTE: verify() will implicitly call this. |
The first step is to create a test for your API Consumer. The example below uses Mocha, and demonstrates the basic approach:
Check out the examples folder for examples with Karma Jasmine, Mocha and Jest. The example below is taken from the integration spec.
let path = require('path')
let chai = require('chai')
let pact = require('pact')
let request = require ('superagent')
let chaiAsPromised = require('chai-as-promised')
let expect = chai.expect
chai.use(chaiAsPromised);
describe('Pact', () => {
// (1) Create the Pact object to represent your provider
const provider = pact({
consumer: 'TodoApp',
provider: 'TodoService',,
port: MOCK_SERVER_PORT,
log: path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'logs', 'pact.log'),
dir: path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'pacts'),
logLevel: 'INFO',
spec: 2
})
// this is the response you expect from your Provider
const EXPECTED_BODY = [{
id: 1,
name: 'Project 1',
due: '2016-02-11T09:46:56.023Z',
tasks: [
{id: 1, name: 'Do the laundry', 'done': true},
{id: 2, name: 'Do the dishes', 'done': false},
{id: 3, name: 'Do the backyard', 'done': false},
{id: 4, name: 'Do nothing', 'done': false}
]
}]
context('when there are a list of projects', () => {
describe('and there is a valid user session', () => {
before((done) => {
// (2) Start the mock server
provider.setup()
// (3) add interactions to the Mock Server, as many as required
.then(() => {
provider.addInteraction({
state: 'i have a list of projects',
uponReceiving: 'a request for projects',
withRequest: {
method: 'GET',
path: '/projects',
headers: { 'Accept': 'application/json' }
},
willRespondWith: {
status: 200,
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
body: EXPECTED_BODY
}
})
})
.then(() => done())
})
// (4) write your test(s)
it('should generate a list of TODOs for the main screen', () => {
const todoApp = new TodoApp();
todoApp.getProjects() // <- this method would make the remote http call
.then((projects) => {
expect(projects).to.be.a('array')
expect(projects).to.have.deep.property('projects[0].id', 1)
// (5) validate the interactions occurred, this will throw an error if it fails telling you what went wrong
return provider.verify()
})
})
// (6) write the pact file for this consumer-provider pair,
// and shutdown the associated mock server.
// You should do this only _once_ per Provider you are testing.
after(() => {
provider.finalize()
})
})
})
})
Once you have created Pacts for your Consumer, you need to validate those Pacts against your Provider. The Verifier object provides the following API for you to do so:
| API | Options | Returns | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
verifyProvider() | n/a | Promise | Start the Mock Server |
const verifier = require('pact').Verifier;
let opts = {
providerBaseUrl: <String>, // Running API provider host endpoint. Required.
pactUrls: <Array>, // Array of local Pact file paths or Pact Broker URLs (http based). Required.
providerStatesUrl: <String>, // URL to fetch the provider states for the given provider API. Optional.
providerStatesSetupUrl <String>, // URL to send PUT requests to setup a given provider state. Optional.
pactBrokerUsername: <String>, // Username for Pact Broker basic authentication. Optional
pactBrokerPassword: <String>, // Password for Pact Broker basic authentication. Optional
timeout: <Number> // The duration in ms we should wait to confirm verification process was successful. Defaults to 30000, Optional.
};
verifier.verifyProvider(opts)).then(function () {
// do something
});
That's it! Read more about Verifying Pacts.
Sharing is caring - to simplify sharing Pacts between Consumers and Providers, checkout sharing pacts using the Pact Broker.
let pact = require('@pact-foundation/pact-node');
let opts = {
pactUrls: <Array>, // Array of local Pact files or directories containing pact files. Path must be absolute. Required.
pactBroker: <String>, // URL to fetch the provider states for the given provider API. Optional.
pactBrokerUsername: <String>, // Username for Pact Broker basic authentication. Optional
pactBrokerPassword: <String>, // Password for Pact Broker basic authentication. Optional
consumerVersion: <String> // A string containing a semver-style version e.g. 1.0.0. Required.
};
pact.publishPacts(opts)).then(function () {
// do something
});
Flexible matching makes your tests more expressive making your tests less brittle. Rather than use hard-coded values which must then be present on the Provider side, you can use regular expressions and type matches on objects and arrays to validate the structure of your APIs.
Read more about using regular expressions and type based matching [here][https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Regular-expressions-and-type-matching-with-Pact] before continuing.
NOTE: Make sure to start the mock service via the Pact declaration with the option specification: 2 to get access to these features.
The underlying mock service is written in Ruby, so the regular expression must be in a Ruby format, not a Javascript format.
provider.addInteraction({
state: 'Has some animals',
uponReceiving: 'a request for an animal',
withRequest: {
method: 'GET',
path: '/animals/1'
},
willRespondWith: {
status: 200,
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
},
body: {
id: 100,
name: "billy",
'gender': term({
matcher: 'F|M',
generate: 'F'
}),
}
}
})
provider.addInteraction({
state: 'Has some animals',
uponReceiving: 'a request for an animal',
withRequest: {
method: 'GET',
path: '/animals/1'
},
willRespondWith: {
status: 200,
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
},
body: {
id: like(1),
name: like('Billy')
}
}
})
Matching provides the ability to specify flexible length arrays. For example:
pact.Matchers.eachLike(obj, { min: 3 })
Where obj can be any javascript object, value or Pact.Match. It takes optional argument ({ min: 3 }) where min is greater than 0 and defaults to 1 if not provided.
Below is an example that uses all of the Pact Matchers.
var somethingLike = pact.Matchers.somethingLike;
var term = pact.Matchers.term;
var eachLike = pact.Matchers.eachLike;
const animalBodyExpectation = {
'id': like(1),
'first_name': like('Billy'),
'last_name': like('Goat'),
'animal': like('goat'),
'age': like(21),
'gender': term({
matcher: 'F|M',
generate: 'M'
}),
'location': {
'description': like('Melbourne Zoo'),
'country': like('Australia'),
'post_code': like(3000)
},
'eligibility': {
'available': like(true),
'previously_married': like(false)
},
'interests': eachLike('walks in the garden/meadow')
}
// Define animal list payload, reusing existing object matcher
const animalListExpectation = eachLike(animalBodyExpectation, {
min: MIN_ANIMALS
})
provider.addInteraction({
state: 'Has some animals',
uponReceiving: 'a request for all animals',
withRequest: {
method: 'GET',
path: '/animals/available'
},
willRespondWith: {
status: 200,
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
},
body: animalListExpectation
}
})
Pact requires a Node runtime to be able to start and stop Mock servers, write logs and other things.
However, when used within browser or non-Node based environments - such as with Karma or ng-test
To address this challenge, we have released a separate 'web' based module for this purpose - pact-web.
Whilst it still provides a testing DSL, it cannot start and stop mock servers as per the pact
package, so you will need to coordinate this yourself prior to and after executing any tests.
To get started, install pact-web and Pact Node:
npm install --save-dev pact-web pact-node
If you're not using Karma, you can start and stop the mock server using Pact Node or something like Grunt Pact.
We have create a plugin for Karma, which will automatically start and stop any Mock Server for your Pact tests.
Modify your karma.conf.js file as per below to get started:
// Load pact framework - this will start/stop mock server automatically
frameworks: ['pact'],
// load pact web
files: [
'node_modules/pact-web/pact-web.js',
...
]
Check out the Examples for how to use the Karma interface.
If you are having issues, a good place to start is setting logLevel: 'DEBUG'
when configuring the pact({...}) object.
Under the hood, Pact JS spins up a Ruby Mock Service. On some systems, this may take more than a few seconds to start. It is recommended to review your unit testing timeout to ensure it has sufficient time to start the server.
See here for more details.
Jest uses JSDOM under the hood which may cause issues with libraries making HTTP request.
You'll need to add the following snippet to your package.json to ensure it uses
the proper Node environment:
"jest": {
"testEnvironment": "node"
}
See this issue for background, and the Jest example for a working example.
git checkout -b my-new-feature)git commit -am 'Add some feature')git push origin my-new-feature)If you would like to implement Pact in another language, please check out the Pact specification and have a chat to one of us on the pact-dev Google group.
The vision is to have a compatible Pact implementation in all the commonly used languages, your help would be greatly appreciated!
FAQs
Pact for all things Javascript
The npm package pact receives a total of 1,262 weekly downloads. As such, pact popularity was classified as popular.
We found that pact demonstrated a not healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released a year ago. It has 4 open source maintainers collaborating on the project.
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