png-stash

png-stash

A very low level tool to read and write a message in the least significant bits of a PNG image's pixels.

Also contains two command-line programs bin/readfile.js and bin/writefile.js to read and write data up to 16777215 characters in length. These will print usage instructions when executed.

Quick Example 1: Write Data

var pngStash = require('png-stash');

var stash = pngStash('avatar.png', function(err, stash) {
    if (err) throw new Error(err);

    stash.write("Code underpants is go. Make it so.");
    stash.save(finished);

    function finished(err) {
        if (err) throw new Error(err);
        console.log("Message stored!");
    }); 
});

Quick Example 2: Read Data

var pngStash = require('png-stash');

var stash = pngStash('avatar.png', function(err, stash) {
    if (err) throw new Error(err);

    var message = stash.read(0, 34); // 34 is length of message from example 1.

    console.log(message);
});

## Download

For Node.js, use npm:

npm install png-stash

Documentation

Constructor

• pngStash

Instance Functions

• getByte
• setByte
• read
• write
• save

---

## pngStash(pngFileName, callback)

Reads the specified PNG file and yields a reader-writer object with the following properties:

• length - Total number of bytes that can be hidden in this PNG file.
• getByte()
• setByte()
• write()
• read()
• save()

See below for function documentation.

Arguments

• pngFileName - Must be an existing valid PNG file.
• callback - function(err, stash). If PNG file was successfully loaded, err will be undefined. stash will be reader-writer object mentioned in description above.

Example

var pngStash = require('png-stash');

pngStash("test.png", function(err, stash) {
  console.log("Available bytes: " + stash.length);
});

---

## stash.getByte(index)

Reads a single byte from the "invisible" bits of the PNG file.

Arguments

• index - Position among all bytes composed by the PNG's "invisible" bits. Must be less than the pngStash instance's length property.

Example

var pngStash = require('png-stash');

pngStash("comic.png", function(err, stash) {
  var b1 = stash.getByte(1000);
  var b2 = stash.getByte(2000);
  var b3 = stash.getByte(3000);
  if (b1 == 0xaa && b2 == 0x44 && b3 == 0xff) {
    console.log("Watermark detected!");
  } else {
    console.log("No watermark detected.");
  }
});

---

## stash.setByte(index, value)

Writes a single byte to the "invisible" bits of the PNG, but does not save it to disk. To save, call save().

Arguments

• index - Position among all bytes composed by the PNG's "invisible" bits. Must be less than the pngStash instance's length property.
• value - Byte to store. Must be an integer in the 8-bit range (0 < value < 256).

Example

var pngStash = require('png-stash');

pngStash("comic.png", function(err, stash) {
  stash.setByte(1000, 0xaa);
  stash.setByte(2000, 0x44);
  stash.setByte(3000, 0xff);
  stash.save(function(err) {
    console.log(err || "Watermark inserted.");
  });
});

---

## stash.read(offset, length) ## stash.read(offset) ## stash.read()

Reads a sequence of bytes from the PNG's "invisible" bits, and returns them as a Buffer.

Arguments

• offset - default=0. At which byte position to start reading from.
• length - default=stash.length. How many bytes to read.

Example

var pngStash = require('png-stash');

pngStash("message.png", function(err, stash) {
  var messageLength = stash.getByte(0) * 65536
                    + stash.getByte(1) * 256
                    + stash.getByte(2);
  var message = stash.read(messageLength, 3);
  console.log("Found message: " + message);
});

---

## stash.write(data, offset, length) ## stash.write(data, offset) ## stash.write(data)

Writes a sequence of bytes to the PNG's "invisible" bits, but does not save to disk. To save to disk, call save().

Arguments

• data - Bytes to store in the PNG. Must be string or Buffer. If string, will be UTF-8 encoded.
• offset - default=0. At which byte position to start writing to.
• length - default=all. How many bytes from data to write. Be aware that the .length of a string may not correspond to the number of bytes in its resulting UTF-8 representation.

Example

var pngStash = require('png-stash');

pngStash("message.png", function(err, stash) {
  var message = new Buffer("Hello there!");
  stash.setByte(0, message.length >> 16 & 0xff);
  stash.setByte(1, message.length >>  8 & 0xff);
  stash.setByte(2, message.length >>  0 & 0xff);
  stash.write(message, 3);
});

---

## stash.save(callback)

Stores the PNG data back into the file. You want to call this function after writing data to the stash instance.

Arguments

• callback - function(err). err will be undefined if save was successful. Otherwise it will represent an error.

Example

// See examples for stash.write() and stash.setByte().