pubsub-js

What is pubsub-js?

PubSub-JS is a lightweight JavaScript library for implementing the publish/subscribe pattern. It allows you to create a simple messaging system where you can publish events and subscribe to them, making it easier to manage communication between different parts of your application.

What are pubsub-js's main functionalities?

Publishing Events

This feature allows you to publish events to a specific topic. Other parts of your application can then subscribe to this topic and react to the event.

const PubSub = require('pubsub-js');

// Publish an event
PubSub.publish('MY TOPIC', { message: 'Hello World!' });

Subscribing to Events

This feature allows you to subscribe to a specific topic. When an event is published to this topic, the subscriber function will be called with the event data.

const PubSub = require('pubsub-js');

// Subscribe to an event
const mySubscriber = (msg, data) => {
  console.log(`Message: ${msg}, Data: ${JSON.stringify(data)}`);
};

const token = PubSub.subscribe('MY TOPIC', mySubscriber);

Unsubscribing from Events

This feature allows you to unsubscribe from a specific topic using the token received when you subscribed. This is useful for cleaning up and preventing memory leaks.

const PubSub = require('pubsub-js');

// Unsubscribe from an event
PubSub.unsubscribe(token);

Other packages similar to pubsub-js

eventemitter3

EventEmitter3 is a high-performance event emitter for Node.js and the browser. It provides a similar publish/subscribe pattern but with more advanced features like wildcard event listeners and event namespaces. It is more feature-rich compared to PubSub-JS.

mitt

Mitt is a tiny (~200 bytes) functional event emitter. It provides a simple and minimalistic API for event handling, similar to PubSub-JS, but with a smaller footprint and fewer features.

README

PubSubJS is a topic-based publish/subscribe library written in JavaScript.

PubSubJS has synchronisation decoupling, so topics are published asynchronously. This helps keep your program predictable as the originator of topics will not be blocked while consumers process them.

For the adventurous, PubSubJS also supports synchronous topic publication. This can give a speedup in some environments (browsers, not all), but can also lead to some very difficult to reason about programs, where one topic triggers publication of another topic in the same execution chain.

Single process

PubSubJS is designed to be used within a single process, and is not a good candidate for multi-process applications (like Node.js – Cluster with many sub-processes). If your Node.js app is a single process app, you're good. If it is (or is going to be) a multi-process app, you're probably better off using redis Pub/Sub or similar

Key features

• Dependency free
• synchronisation decoupling
• ES3 compatible. PubSubJS should be able to run everywhere that can execute JavaScript. Browsers, servers, ebook readers, old phones, game consoles.
• AMD / CommonJS module support
• No modification of subscribers (jQuery custom events modify subscribers)
• Easy to understand and use (thanks to synchronisation decoupling)
• Small(ish), less than 1kb minified and gzipped

Getting PubSubJS

There are several ways of getting PubSubJS

• Install via npm (npm install pubsub-js)
• Use it directly from a CDN directly
  • http://www.jsdelivr.com/#!pubsubjs
  • https://cdnjs.com/libraries/pubsub-js
  • https://unpkg.com/pubsub-js
• Download a tagged version from GitHub

Note: the last version of this library available via bower is v1.5.4

Examples

First you have to import the module:

import PubSub from 'pubsub-js'

// or when using CommonJS
const PubSub = require('pubsub-js');

Basic example

// create a function to subscribe to topics
var mySubscriber = function (msg, data) {
    console.log( msg, data );
};

// add the function to the list of subscribers for a particular topic
// we're keeping the returned token, in order to be able to unsubscribe
// from the topic later on
var token = PubSub.subscribe('MY TOPIC', mySubscriber);

// publish a topic asynchronously
PubSub.publish('MY TOPIC', 'hello world!');

// publish a topic synchronously, which is faster in some environments,
// but will get confusing when one topic triggers new topics in the
// same execution chain
// USE WITH CAUTION, HERE BE DRAGONS!!!
PubSub.publishSync('MY TOPIC', 'hello world!');

Cancel specific subscription

// create a function to receive the topic
var mySubscriber = function (msg, data) {
    console.log(msg, data);
};

// add the function to the list of subscribers to a particular topic
// we're keeping the returned token, in order to be able to unsubscribe
// from the topic later on
var token = PubSub.subscribe('MY TOPIC', mySubscriber);

// unsubscribe this subscriber from this topic
PubSub.unsubscribe(token);

Cancel all subscriptions for a function

// create a function to receive the topic
var mySubscriber = function(msg, data) {
    console.log(msg, data);
};

// unsubscribe mySubscriber from ALL topics
PubSub.unsubscribe(mySubscriber);

Clear all subscriptions for a topic

PubSub.subscribe('a', myFunc1);
PubSub.subscribe('a.b', myFunc2);
PubSub.subscribe('a.b.c', myFunc3);

PubSub.unsubscribe('a.b');
// no further notifications for 'a.b' and 'a.b.c' topics
// notifications for 'a' will still get published

Clear all subscriptions

PubSub.clearAllSubscriptions();
// all subscriptions are removed

Get Subscriptions

PubSub.getSubscriptions('token');
// subscriptions by token from all topics

Count Subscriptions

PubSub.countSubscriptions('token');
// count by token from all topics

Error Handling

// isPublished is a boolean that represents if any subscribers was registered for this topic
var isPublished = PubSub.publish('a');

// token will be false if something went wrong and subscriber was not registered
var token = PubSub.subscribe('MY TOPIC', mySubscriber); 

Hierarchical addressing

// create a subscriber to receive all topics from a hierarchy of topics
var myToplevelSubscriber = function (msg, data) {
    console.log('top level: ', msg, data);
}

// subscribe to all topics in the 'car' hierarchy
PubSub.subscribe('car', myToplevelSubscriber);

// create a subscriber to receive only leaf topic from hierarchy op topics
var mySpecificSubscriber = function (msg, data) {
    console.log('specific: ', msg, data);
}

// subscribe only to 'car.drive' topics
PubSub.subscribe('car.drive', mySpecificSubscriber);

// Publish some topics
PubSub.publish('car.purchase', {name: 'my new car'});
PubSub.publish('car.drive', {speed: '14'});
PubSub.publish('car.sell', {newOwner: 'someone else'});

// In this scenario, myToplevelSubscriber will be called for all
// topics, three times in total
// But, mySpecificSubscriber will only be called once, as it only
// subscribes to the 'car.drive' topic

Tips

Use "constants" for topics and not string literals. PubSubJS uses strings as topics, and will happily try to deliver your topics with ANY topic. So, save yourself from frustrating debugging by letting the JavaScript engine complain when you make typos.

Example of use of "constants"

// 👎 Bad usage
PubSub.subscribe('hello', function (msg, data) {
	console.log(data)
});

PubSub.publish('hello', 'world');

// 👍 Better usage
var MY_TOPIC = 'hello';
PubSub.subscribe(MY_TOPIC, function (msg, data) {
	console.log(data)
});

PubSub.publish(MY_TOPIC, 'world');

Example of use of "symbol constants" with ES6/7 syntax

// event-types.js
export const MY_TOPIC = Symbol('MY_TOPIC')

// somefile.js
import { MY_TOPIC } from './event-types.js'
PubSub.subscribe(MY_TOPIC, function (msg, data) {
	console.log(data)
});

PubSub.publish(MY_TOPIC, 'world');

Immediate Exceptions for stack traces in developer tools

As of version 1.3.2, you can force immediate exceptions (instead of delayed exceptions), which has the benefit of maintaining the stack trace when viewed in dev tools.

This should be considered a development only option, as PubSubJS was designed to try to deliver your topics to all subscribers, even when some fail.

Setting immediate exceptions in development is easy, just tell PubSubJS about it after it has been loaded.

PubSub.immediateExceptions = true;

Contributing to PubSubJS

Please see CONTRIBUTING.md

More about Publish/Subscribe

• The Many Faces of Publish/Subscribe (PDF)
• Addy Osmani's mini book on Patterns
• Publish / Subscribe Systems, A summary of 'The Many Faces of Publish / Subscribe'

Versioning

PubSubJS uses Semantic Versioning for predictable versioning.

Changelog

Please see https://github.com/mroderick/PubSubJS/releases

License

MIT: http://mrgnrdrck.mit-license.org

Alternatives

These are a few alternative projects that also implement topic based publish subscribe in JavaScript.

• http://www.joezimjs.com/projects/publish-subscribe-jquery-plugin/
• http://amplifyjs.com/api/pubsub/
• http://radio.uxder.com/ — oriented towards 'channels', free of dependencies
• https://github.com/pmelander/Subtopic - supports vanilla, underscore, jQuery and is even available in NuGet

Changelog

1.9.0

• 3fb21e3 Add subscribeAll method (Subin Varghese)

Released on 2020-08-17.