react-storage-hooks

react-storage-hooks

Custom React hooks for keeping application state in sync with localStorage or sessionStorage.

:book: Familiar API. You already know how to use this library! Replace useState and useReducer hooks with the ones in this library and get persistent state for free.

:sparkles: Fully featured. Automatically stringifies and parses values coming and going to storage, keeps state in sync between tabs by listening to storage events and handles non-straightforward use cases correctly.

:zap: Tiny and fast. Less than 700 B gzipped. No external dependencies. Only reads from storage when necessary and always writes to storage after rendering.

:capital_abcd: Completely typed. Written in TypeScript. Type definitions included.

:muscle: Backed by tests. Full coverage of the API.

Requirements

You need to use version 16.8.0 or greater of React, since that's the first one to include hooks. If you still need to create your application, Create React App is the officially supported way.

Installation

Add the package to your React project:

npm install --save react-storage-hooks

Or with yarn:

yarn add react-storage-hooks

Usage

The useStorageState and useStorageReducer hooks included in this library work like useState and useReducer. The only but important differences are:

• Two additional mandatory parameters: Storage object (localStorage or sessionStorage) and storage key.
• Initial state parameters only apply if there's no data in storage for the provided key. Otherwise data from storage will be used as initial state. Think about it as default or fallback state.
• The array returned by hooks has an extra last item for write errors. It is initially undefined, and will be updated with Error objects thrown by Storage.setItem. However the hook will keep updating state even if new values fail to be written to storage, to ensure that your application doesn't break.

useStorageState

Example

import React from 'react';
import { useStorageState } from 'react-storage-hooks';

function StateCounter() {
  const [count, setCount, writeError] = useStorageState(
    localStorage,
    'state-counter',
    0
  );

  return (
    <>
      <p>You clicked {count} times</p>
      <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>+</button>
      <button onClick={() => setCount(count - 1)}>-</button>
      {writeError && (
        <pre>Cannot write to localStorage: {writeError.message}</pre>
      )}
    </>
  );
}

Signature

function useStorageState<S>(
  storage: Storage,
  key: string,
  defaultState?: S | (() => S)
): [S, React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<S>>, Error | undefined];

useStorageReducer

Example

import React from 'react';
import { useStorageReducer } from 'react-storage-hooks';

function reducer(state, action) {
  switch (action.type) {
    case 'inc':
      return { count: state.count + 1 };
    case 'dec':
      return { count: state.count - 1 };
    default:
      return state;
  }
}

function ReducerCounter() {
  const [state, dispatch, writeError] = useStorageReducer(
    localStorage,
    'reducer-counter',
    reducer,
    { count: 0 }
  );

  return (
    <>
      <p>You clicked {state.count} times</p>
      <button onClick={() => dispatch({ type: 'inc' })}>+</button>
      <button onClick={() => dispatch({ type: 'dec' })}>-</button>
      {writeError && (
        <pre>Cannot write to localStorage: {writeError.message}</pre>
      )}
    </>
  );
}

Signature

function useStorageReducer<S, A>(
  storage: Storage,
  key: string,
  reducer: React.Reducer<S, A>,
  defaultState: S
): [S, React.Dispatch<A>, Error | undefined];

function useStorageReducer<S, A, I>(
  storage: Storage,
  key: string,
  reducer: React.Reducer<S, A>,
  defaultInitialArg: I,
  defaultInit: (defaultInitialArg: I) => S
): [S, React.Dispatch<A>, Error | undefined];

Advanced usage

Alternative storage objects

The storage parameter of the hooks can be any object that implements the getItem, setItem and removeItem methods of the Storage interface. Keep in mind that storage values will be automatically serialized and parsed before and after calling these methods.

interface Storage {
  getItem(key: string): string | null;
  setItem(key: string, value: string): void;
  removeItem(key: string): void;
}

Server-side rendering (SSR)

This library checks for the existence of the window object and even has some tests in a node-like environment. However in your server code you will need to provide a storage object to the hooks that works server-side. A simple solution is to use a dummy object like this:

const dummyStorage = {
  getItem: () => null,
  setItem: () => {},
  removeItem: () => {},
};

The important bit here is to have the getItem method return null, so that the default state parameters of the hooks get applied as initial state.

Convenience custom hook

If you're using a few hooks in your application with the same type of storage, it might bother you to have to specify the storage object all the time. To alleviate this, you can write a custom hook like this:

import { useStorageState } from 'react-storage-hooks';

export function useLocalStorageState(...args) {
  return useStorageState(localStorage, ...args);
}

And then use it in your components:

import { useLocalStorageState } from './my-hooks';

function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useLocalStorageState('counter', 0);

  // Rest of the component
}

License

This library is MIT licensed.