gymnax

Reinforcement Learning Environments in JAX 🌍

Are you fed up with slow CPU-based RL environment processes? Do you want to leverage massive vectorization for high-throughput RL experiments? gymnax brings the power of jit and vmap/pmap to the classic gym API. It supports a range of different environments including classic control, bsuite, MinAtar and a collection of classic/meta RL tasks. gymnax allows explicit functional control of environment settings (random seed or hyperparameters), which enables accelerated & parallelized rollouts for different configurations (e.g. for meta RL). By executing both environment and policy on the accelerator, it facilitates the Anakin sub-architecture proposed in the Podracer paper (Hessel et al., 2021) and highly distributed evolutionary optimization (using e.g. evosax). We provide training & checkpoints for both PPO & ES in gymnax-blines. Get started here 👉 .

Basic gymnax API Usage 🍲

import jax
import gymnax

rng = jax.random.PRNGKey(0)
rng, key_reset, key_act, key_step = jax.random.split(rng, 4)

# Instantiate the environment & its settings.
env, env_params = gymnax.make("Pendulum-v1")

# Reset the environment.
obs, state = env.reset(key_reset, env_params)

# Sample a random action.
action = env.action_space(env_params).sample(key_act)

# Perform the step transition.
n_obs, n_state, reward, done, _ = env.step(key_step, state, action, env_params)

Implemented Accelerated Environments 🏎️

Environment Name	Reference	Source	🤖 Ckpt (Return)	Secs/1M 🦶 A100 (2k 🌎)
Acrobot-v1	Brockman et al. (2016)	Click	PPO, ES (R: -80)	0.07
Pendulum-v1	Brockman et al. (2016)	Click	PPO, ES (R: -130)	0.07
CartPole-v1	Brockman et al. (2016)	Click	PPO, ES (R: 500)	0.05
MountainCar-v0	Brockman et al. (2016)	Click	PPO, ES (R: -118)	0.07
MountainCarContinuous-v0	Brockman et al. (2016)	Click	PPO, ES (R: 92)	0.09
Asterix-MinAtar	Young & Tian (2019)	Click	PPO (R: 15)	0.92
Breakout-MinAtar	Young & Tian (2019)	Click	PPO (R: 28)	0.19
Freeway-MinAtar	Young & Tian (2019)	Click	PPO (R: 58)	0.87
SpaceInvaders-MinAtar	Young & Tian (2019)	Click	PPO (R: 131)	0.33
Catch-bsuite	Osband et al. (2019)	Click	PPO, ES (R: 1)	0.15
DeepSea-bsuite	Osband et al. (2019)	Click	PPO, ES (R: 0)	0.22
MemoryChain-bsuite	Osband et al. (2019)	Click	PPO, ES (R: 0.1)	0.13
UmbrellaChain-bsuite	Osband et al. (2019)	Click	PPO, ES (R: 1)	0.08
DiscountingChain-bsuite	Osband et al. (2019)	Click	PPO, ES (R: 1.1)	0.06
MNISTBandit-bsuite	Osband et al. (2019)	Click	-	-
SimpleBandit-bsuite	Osband et al. (2019)	Click	-	-
FourRooms-misc	Sutton et al. (1999)	Click	PPO, ES (R: 1)	0.07
MetaMaze-misc	Micconi et al. (2020)	Click	ES (R: 32)	0.09
PointRobot-misc	Dorfman et al. (2021)	Click	ES (R: 10)	0.08
BernoulliBandit-misc	Wang et al. (2017)	Click	ES (R: 90)	0.08
GaussianBandit-misc	Lange & Sprekeler (2022)	Click	ES (R: 0)	0.07
Reacher-misc	Lenton et al. (2021)	Click
Swimmer-misc	Lenton et al. (2021)	Click
Pong-misc	Kirsch (2018)	Click

* All displayed speeds are estimated for 1M step transitions (random policy) on a NVIDIA A100 GPU using jit compiled episode rollouts with 2000 environment workers. For more detailed speed comparisons on different accelerators (CPU, RTX 2080Ti) and MLP policies, please refer to the gymnax-blines documentation.

Installation ⏳

The latest gymnax release can directly be installed from PyPI:

pip install gymnax

If you want to get the most recent commit, please install directly from the repository:

pip install git+https://github.com/RobertTLange/gymnax.git@main

In order to use JAX on your accelerators, you can find more details in the JAX documentation.

Examples 📖

• 📓 Environment API - Get started with the basic gymnax API.
• 📓 Distributed Anakin Agent - Train an Anakin (Hessel et al., 2021) agent on SpaceInvaders-MinAtar.
• 📓 ES with gymnax - Meta-evolve an LSTM controller that controls 2 link pendula of different lengths.
• 📓 Bandit A2C Meta-RL - Meta-learn an A2C LSTM that learns to explore/exploit in multi-arm bandit tasks.
• 📓 Trained baselines - Check out the trained baseline agents (PPO/ES) in gymnax-blines.

Key Selling Points 💵

• Environment vectorization & acceleration: Easy composition of JAX primitives (e.g. jit, vmap, pmap):

  # Jit-accelerated step transition
  jit_step = jax.jit(env.step)
  
  # map (vmap/pmap) across random keys for batch rollouts
  reset_rng = jax.vmap(env.reset, in_axes=(0, None))
  step_rng = jax.vmap(env.step, in_axes=(0, 0, 0, None))
  
  # map (vmap/pmap) across env parameters (e.g. for meta-learning)
  reset_params = jax.vmap(env.reset, in_axes=(None, 0))
  step_params = jax.vmap(env.step, in_axes=(None, 0, 0, 0))
  

  For speed comparisons with standard vectorized NumPy environments check out gymnax-blines.

• Scan through entire episode rollouts: You can also lax.scan through entire reset, step episode loops for fast compilation:

  def rollout(rng_input, policy_params, env_params, steps_in_episode):
      """Rollout a jitted gymnax episode with lax.scan."""
      # Reset the environment
      rng_reset, rng_episode = jax.random.split(rng_input)
      obs, state = env.reset(rng_reset, env_params)
  
      def policy_step(state_input, tmp):
          """lax.scan compatible step transition in jax env."""
          obs, state, policy_params, rng = state_input
          rng, rng_step, rng_net = jax.random.split(rng, 3)
          action = model.apply(policy_params, obs)
          next_obs, next_state, reward, done, _ = env.step(
              rng_step, state, action, env_params
          )
          carry = [next_obs, next_state, policy_params, rng]
          return carry, [obs, action, reward, next_obs, done]
  
      # Scan over episode step loop
      _, scan_out = jax.lax.scan(
          policy_step,
          [obs, state, policy_params, rng_episode],
          (),
          steps_in_episode
      )
      # Return masked sum of rewards accumulated by agent in episode
      obs, action, reward, next_obs, done = scan_out
      return obs, action, reward, next_obs, done
  

• Build-in visualization tools: You can also smoothly generate GIF animations using the Visualizer tool, which covers all classic_control, MinAtar and most misc environments:

  from gymnax.visualize import Visualizer
  
  state_seq, reward_seq = [], []
  rng, rng_reset = jax.random.split(rng)
  obs, env_state = env.reset(rng_reset, env_params)
  while True:
      state_seq.append(env_state)
      rng, rng_act, rng_step = jax.random.split(rng, 3)
      action = env.action_space(env_params).sample(rng_act)
      next_obs, next_env_state, reward, done, info = env.step(
          rng_step, env_state, action, env_params
      )
      reward_seq.append(reward)
      if done:
          break
      else:
        obs = next_obs
        env_state = next_env_state
  
  cum_rewards = jnp.cumsum(jnp.array(reward_seq))
  vis = Visualizer(env, env_params, state_seq, cum_rewards)
  vis.animate(f"docs/anim.gif")
  

• Training pipelines & pretrained agents: Check out gymnax-blines for trained agents, expert rollout visualizations and PPO/ES pipelines. The agents are minimally tuned, but can help you get up and running.

• Simple batch agent evaluation: Work-in-progress.

  from gymnax.experimental import RolloutWrapper
  
  # Define rollout manager for pendulum env
  manager = RolloutWrapper(model.apply, env_name="Pendulum-v1")
  
  # Simple single episode rollout for policy
  obs, action, reward, next_obs, done, cum_ret = manager.single_rollout(rng, policy_params)
  
  # Multiple rollouts for same network (different rng, e.g. eval)
  rng_batch = jax.random.split(rng, 10)
  obs, action, reward, next_obs, done, cum_ret = manager.batch_rollout(
      rng_batch, policy_params
  )
  
  # Multiple rollouts for different networks + rng (e.g. for ES)
  batch_params = jax.tree_map(  # Stack parameters or use different
      lambda x: jnp.tile(x, (5, 1)).reshape(5, *x.shape), policy_params
  )
  obs, action, reward, next_obs, done, cum_ret = manager.population_rollout(
      rng_batch, batch_params
  )
  

Resources & Other Great Tools 📝

• 💻 Brax: JAX-based library for rigid body physics by Google Brain with JAX-style MuJoCo substitutes.
• 💻 envpool: Vectorized parallel environment execution engine.
• 💻 Jumanji: A suite of diverse and challenging RL environments in JAX.
• 💻 Pgx: JAX-based classic board game environments.

Acknowledgements & Citing gymnax ✏️

If you use gymnax in your research, please cite it as follows:

@software{gymnax2022github,
  author = {Robert Tjarko Lange},
  title = {{gymnax}: A {JAX}-based Reinforcement Learning Environment Library},
  url = {http://github.com/RobertTLange/gymnax},
  version = {0.0.4},
  year = {2022},
}

We acknowledge financial support by the Google TRC and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2002/1 "Science of Intelligence" - project number 390523135.

Development 👷

You can run the test suite via python -m pytest -vv --all. If you find a bug or are missing your favourite feature, feel free to create an issue and/or start contributing 🤗.