cron-kubernetes

CronKubernetes

Configue and deploy Kubernetes CronJobs from ruby.

Installation

Add this line to your application's Gemfile:

gem "cron-kubernetes"

And then execute:

$ bundle

Or install it yourself as:

$ gem install cron_kubernetes

Configuration

You can configure global settings for your cron jobs. Add a file to your source like the example below. If you are using Rails, you can add this to something like config/initializers/cron_kubernetes.rb.

You must configure the identifier and manifest settings. The other settings are optional and default values are shown below.

CronKubernetes.configuration do |config|
  # Required
  config.identifier   = "my-application"
  config.manifest     = YAML.load_file(File.join(Rails.root, "deploy", "kubernetes-job.yml"))

  # Optional
  config.output       = nil
  config.job_template = %w[/bin/bash -l -c :job]
end

identifier

Provide an identifier for this schedule. For example, you might use your application name. This is used by CronKubernetes to know which CronJobs are associated with this schedule so you should make sure it's unique within your cluster.

identifier must be valid for a Kubernetes resource name and label value. Specifically, lowercase alphanumeric characters ([a-z0-9A-Z]), -, and ., and 63 characters or less.

manifest

This is a Kubernetes Job manifest used as the job template within the Kubernetes CronJob. That is, this is the job that's started at the specified schedule. For example:

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: scheduled-job
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      name: scheduled-job
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: my-shell
        image: ubuntu
      restartPolicy: OnFailure

In the example above we show the manifest loading a file, just to make it simple. But you could also read use a HEREDOC, parse a template and insert values, or anything else you want to do in the method, as long as you return a valid Kubernetes Job manifest as a Hash.

When the job is run, the default command in the Docker instance is replaced with the command specified in the cron schedule (see below). The command is run on the first container in the pod.

output

By default no redirection is done; cron behaves as normal. If you would like you can specify an option here to redirect as you would on a shell command. For example, "2>&1 to collect STDERR in STDOUT or >> /var/log/task.log to append to a log file.

job_template

This is a template that we use to execute your rake, rails runner, or shell command in the container. The default template executes it in a login shell so that environment variables (and profile) are loaded.

You can modify this. The value should be an array with a command and arguments that will replace both ENTRYPOINT and CMD in the Docker image. See Define a Command and Arguments for a Container for a discussion of how command works in Kubernetes.

kubeclient

The gem will automatically connect to the Kubernetes server in the following cases:

• You are running this in a standard Kubernetes cluster
• You are running on a system with kubeclient installed and
  • the default cluster context has credentials
  • the default cluster is GKE and your system has Google application default credentials installed

There are many other ways to connect and you can do so by providing your own configured kubeclient:

# config/initializers/resque-kubernetes.rb

CronKubernetes.configuration do |config|
  config.kubeclient = Kubeclient::Client.new("http://localhost:8080/apis/batch", "v1")
end

Because this uses the CronJob resource, make sure to connect to the /apis/batch API endpoint and API version v1 in your client.

Usage

Create a Schedule

Add a file to your source that defines the scheduled tasks. If you are using Rails, you could put this in config/initializers/cron_kuberentes.rb. Or, if you want to make it work like the whenever gem you could add these lines to config/schedule.rb and then require that from your initializer.

CronKubernetes.schedule do
  command "ls -l", schedule: "0 0 1 1 *"
  rake "audit:state", schedule: "0 20 1 * *", name: "audit-state"
  runner "CleanSweeper.run", schedule: "30 3 * * *"
end

For all jobs the command will change directories to either Rails.root if Rails is installed or the current working directory. These are evaluated when the scheduled tasks are loaded.

For all jobs you may provide a name that will be used with the identifier to name the CronJob. If you do not provide a name CronKubernetes will try to figure one out from the job and pod templates plus a hash of the schedule and command.

Shell Commands

A command runs any arbitrary shell command on a schedule. The first argument is the command to run.

Rake Tasks

A rake call runs a rake task on the schedule. Rake and Bundler must be installed and on the path in the container. The command it executes is bundle exec rake ....

Runners

A runner runs arbitrary ruby code under Rails. Rails must be installed at bin/rails from the working folder. The command it executes is bin/rails runner '...'.

Update Your Cluster

Once you have configuration and cluster, then you can run the cron_kubernetes command to update your cluster.

bundle exec cron_kubernetes --configuration config/initializers/cron_kubernetes.rb --schedule config/schedule.rb

The command will read the provided configuration and current schedule, compare to any CronJobs already in your cluster for this project (base on the identifier) and then add/remove/update the CronJobs to bring match the schedule.

You can provide either --configuration or --schedule, as long as between the files you have loaded both a configuration and a schedule. For example, if they are in the same file, you would just pass a single value:

bundle exec cron_kubernetes --schedule schedule.rb

If you are running in a Rails application where the initializers are auto-loaded, and your schedule is defined in (or in a file required by) your initializer, you could run this within your Rails environment:

bin/rails runner cron_kubernetes

To Do

• In place of schedule, support every/at syntax:

  every: :minute, :hour, :day, :month, :year
         3.minutes, 1.hour, 1.day, 1.week, 1.month, 1.year
  at: "[H]H:mm[am|pm]"
  

Contributing

Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/keylime-toolbox/cron-kubernetes-ruby.

1. Fork it (https://github.com/[my-github-username]/cron-kubernetes-ruby/fork)
2. Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
3. Test your changes with rake, add new tests if needed
4. Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Add some feature')
5. Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
6. Open a new Pull Request

Development

After checking out the repo, run bin/setup to install dependencies. Then, run rake to run the test suite.

You can run bin/console for an interactive prompt that will allow you to experiment.

Write test for any code that you add. Test all changes by running bin/rake. This does the following, which you can also run separately while working.

1. Run unit tests: appraisal rake spec
2. Make sure that your code matches the styles: rubocop
3. Verify if any dependent gems have open CVEs (you must update these): rake bundle:audit

Release

To release a new version, update the version number in lib/cron_kubernetes/version.rb and the CHANGELOG.md, then run bundle exec rake release, which will create a git tag for the version, push git commits and tags, and push the .gem file to rubygems.org.

Acknowledgments

We have used the whenever gem for years and we love it. Much of the ideas for scheduling here were inspired by the great work that @javan and team have put into that gem.

License

The gem is available as open source under the terms of the MIT License.