botkit-middleware-watson

Use IBM Watson's Conversation service to chat with your Botkit-powered Bot!

This middleware plugin for Botkit allows developers to easily integrate a Watson Conversation workspace with multiple social channels like Slack, Facebook, and Twilio. Customers can have simultaneous, independent conversations with a single workspace through different channels.

Middleware Overview

• Automatically manages context in multi-turn conversations to keep track of where the user left off in the conversation.
• Allows greater flexibility in message handling.
• Handles external databases for context storage.
• Easily integrates with third-party services.
• Exposes the following functions to developers:
  • before: pre-process requests before sending to Watson Conversation (Conversation).
  • after : post-process responses before forwarding them to Botkit.

Installation

$ npm install botkit-middleware-watson --save

Usage

Acquire Watson Conversation credentials

The middleware needs you to provide the username, password, and workspace_id of your Watson Conversation chat bot. If you have an existing Conversation service instance, follow these steps to get your credentials.

If you do not have a Conversation service instance, follow these steps to get started.

Acquire channel credentials

This document shows code snippets for using a Slack bot with the middleware. (If you want examples for the other channels, see the examples/multi-bot folder. The multi-bot example app shows how to connect to Slack, Facebook, and Twilio IPM bots running on a single Express server.)

You need a Slack token for your Slack bot to talk to Conversation.

If you have an existing Slack bot, then copy the Slack token from your Slack settings page.

Otherwise, follow Botkit's instructions to create your Slack bot from scratch. When your bot is ready, you are provided with a Slack token.

Bot setup

This section walks you through code snippets to set up your Slack bot. If you want, you can jump straight to the full example.

In your app, add the following lines to create your Slack controller using Botkit:

var slackController = Botkit.slackbot();

Spawn a Slack bot using the controller:

var slackBot = slackController.spawn({
    token: YOUR_SLACK_TOKEN
});

Create the middleware object which you'll use to connect to the Conversation service:

var watsonMiddleware = require('botkit-middleware-watson')({
  username: YOUR_CONVERSATION_USERNAME,
  password: YOUR_CONVERSATION_PASSWORD,
  workspace_id: YOUR_WORKSPACE_ID,
  version_date: '2016-09-20'
});

Tell your Slackbot to use the watsonMiddleware for incoming messages:

slackController.middleware.receive.use(watsonMiddleware.receive);
slackBot.startRTM();

Finally, make your bot listen to incoming messages and respond with Watson Conversation:

slackController.hears(['.*'], ['direct_message', 'direct_mention', 'mention'], function(bot, message) {
    bot.reply(message, message.watsonData.output.text.join('\n'));
});

The middleware attaches the watsonData object to message. This contains the text response from Conversation.

Then you're all set!

Middleware Functions

The watsonMiddleware object provides some useful functions which can be used for customizing the question-answering pipeline.

They come in handy to:

• Respond to incoming messages
• Make database updates
• Update the context in the payload
• Call some external service before/after calling Conversation
• Filter out irrelevant intents by overwriting Botkit's hears function

receive

The receive function is the one which gets triggered on incoming bot messages. One needs to bind it to the Botkit's receive middleware in order for it to work.

// Connect to Watson middleware
slackController.middleware.receive.use(middleware.receive);

Then simply respond to messages as follows:

slackController.hears(['.*'], ['direct_message', 'direct_mention', 'mention'], function(bot, message) {
  bot.reply(message, message.watsonData.output.text.join('\n'));
});

Note: The receive function is triggered on every message. Please consult the Botkit's guide to the receive middleware to know more about it.

interpret

The interpret() function works very similarly to the receive function but unlike the receive function,

• it is not mapped to a Botkit function so doesn't need to be added as a middleware to Botkit
• doesn't get triggered on all events

The interpret function only gets triggered when an event is heard by the controller. For example, one might want your bot to only respond to direct messages using Conversation. In such scenarios, one would use the interpret function as follows:

slackController.hears(['.*'], ['direct_message'], function(bot, message) {
  middleware.interpret(bot, message, function(err) {
    if (!err)
      bot.reply(message, message.watsonData.output.text.join('\n'));
  });
});

hear

The Watson middleware also includes a hear() function which provides a mechanism to developers to fire handler functions based on the most likely intent of the user. This allows a developer to create handler functions for specific intents in addition to using the data provided by Watson to power the conversation.

The hear() function can be used on individual handler functions, or can be used globally.

Used on an individual handler:

slackController.hears(['hello'], ['direct_message', 'direct_mention', 'mention'], watsonMiddleware.hear, function(bot, message) {

    bot.reply(message, message.watsonData.output.text.join('\n'));

    // now do something special related to the hello intent

});

Used globally:

slackController.changeEars(watsonMiddleware.hear);

slackController.hears(['hello'], ['direct_message', 'direct_mention', 'mention'], function(bot, message) {

    bot.reply(message, message.watsonData.output.text.join('\n'));

    // now do something special related to the hello intent
});

before and after

The before and after callbacks can be used to perform some tasks before and after Conversation is called. One may use it to modify the request/response payloads, execute business logic like accessing a database or making calls to external services.

They can be customized as follows:

middleware.before = function(message, conversationPayload, callback) {
    // Code here gets executed before making the call to Conversation.
    callback(null, customizedPayload);
  }

  middleware.after = function(message, conversationResponse, callback) {
    // Code here gets executed after the call to Conversation.
    callback(null, conversationResponse);
  }

License

This library is licensed under Apache 2.0. Full license text is available in LICENSE.