es6-promise-pool

Promise Pool

Runs Promises in a pool that limits their maximum concurrency.

Motivation

An ECMAScript 6 Promise is a great way of handling asynchronous operations. The Promise.all function provides an easy interface to let a bunch of promises settle concurrently.

However, it's an all-or-nothing approach: all your promises get created simultaneously. If you have a ton of operations that you want to run with some concurrency, Promise.all is no good.

Instead, you probably want to limit the maximum number of simultaneous operations. That's where this module comes in. It provides an easy way of waiting for any number of promises to settle, while imposing an upper bound on the number of simultaneously executing promises.

The promises can be created in a just-in-time fashion. You essentially pass a function that produces a new promise every time it is called. On modern platforms, you can also use ES6 generator functions for this.

Compatibility

This module can be used both under Node.js (version 0.10 and up) and on the Web. In both cases, your platform needs to have the Promise prototype available. You can use ES6-Promise as a polyfill; it is used internally as well.

Installation

npm install --save es6-promise-pool

<script src="es6-promise.js"></script>
<script>ES6Promise.polyfill();</script>
<script src="es6-promise-pool.js"></script>

Usage

// On the Web, just leave out this line.
var promisePool = require('es6-promise-pool');

var PromisePool = promisePool.PromisePool;

// Can also be a generator. See below.
var promiseProducer = function() {
  // There's a 10% chance that we return null, indicating that there are no
  // more promises left to process.
  if (Math.floor(Math.random() * 10) === 0) {
    console.log('No more promises in pool');
    return null;
  }
  // If we didn't return null, we pass a new promise to the pool.
  var promisedValue = new Date().getTime();
  console.log('Creating new promise for ' + promisedValue);
  return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
    setTimeout(function() {
      console.log('Resolving promise: ' + promisedValue);
      // See below for instructions on how to retrieve the value.
      resolve(promisedValue);
    }, 1000);
  });
};

// The number of promises to process simultaneously.
var concurrency = 3;

// Create a pool.
var pool = new PromisePool(promiseProducer, concurrency);

// Start the pool.
var poolPromise = pool.start();

// Wait for the pool to settle.
poolPromise.then(function() {
  console.log('All promises fulfilled');
}, function(error) {
  console.log('Some promise rejected: ' + error.message);
});

Producers

The PromisePool constructor takes a Promise-producing function as its first argument. Let's first assume that we have this helper function that returns a promise for the given value after time milliseconds:

var delayValue = function(value, time) {
  return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
    console.log('Resolving ' + value + ' in ' + time + ' ms');
    setTimeout(function() {
      console.log('Resolving: ' + value);
      resolve(value);
    }, time);
  });
};

Function

Now, let's use the helper function above to create five such promises, which are each fulfilled after a second. Because of the concurrency of 3, the first three promises will be fulfilled after one second. Then, the remaining two will be processed and fulfilled after another second.

var count = 0;
var promiseProducer = function() {
  if (count < 5) {
    count++;
    return delayValue(count, 1000);
  } else {
    return null;
  }
};

var pool = new PromisePool(promiseProducer, 3);

pool.start()
.then(function() {
  console.log('Complete');
});

Generator

We can achieve the same result with ECMAScript 6 generator functions.

var promiseProducer = function*() {
  for (var count = 1; count <= 5; count++) {
    yield delayValue(count, 1000);
  }
};

var pool = new PromisePool(promiseProducer, 3);

pool.start()
.then(function() {
  console.log('Complete');
});

Events

We can also ask the promise pool to notify us when an individual promise is fulfilled or rejected. The pool fires fulfilled and rejected events exactly for this purpose.

var pool = new PromisePool(promiseProducer, 3);

pool.addEventListener('fulfilled', function(event) {
  // The event contains:
  // - target:    the PromisePool itself;
  // - data:
  //   - promise: the Promise that got fulfilled;
  //   - result:  the result of that Promise.
  console.log('Fulfilled: ' + event.data.result);
});

pool.addEventListener('rejected', function(event) {
  // The event contains:
  // - target:    the PromisePool itself;
  // - data:
  //   - promise: the Promise that got rejected;
  //   - error:   the Error for the rejection.
  console.log('Rejected: ' + event.data.error.message);
});

pool.start()
.then(function() {
  console.log('Complete');
});

Alternatives

• Async.js
• Promise Pool
• qlimit

Author

Tim De Pauw

License

Copyright © 2015 Tim De Pauw

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.