pako

What is pako?

The pako npm package is a high-speed zlib port to JavaScript which works in the browser and node.js. It provides compression and decompression functionalities using the zlib library, which is widely used for data compression.

What are pako's main functionalities?

Compression

This feature allows you to compress a string or binary data using pako's deflate method.

const pako = require('pako');
const input = 'String to compress';
const compressed = pako.deflate(input);

Decompression

This feature allows you to decompress data that was compressed using pako's deflate method or compatible zlib compression.

const pako = require('pako');
const compressed = new Uint8Array([]); // Use a previously compressed Uint8Array
const decompressed = pako.inflate(compressed);

Gzip Compression

This feature allows you to compress data using gzip, which is a file format and a software application used for file compression and decompression.

const pako = require('pako');
const input = 'String to compress';
const compressed = pako.gzip(input);

Gzip Decompression

This feature allows you to decompress data that was compressed using pako's gzip method.

const pako = require('pako');
const compressed = new Uint8Array([]); // Use a previously gzip compressed Uint8Array
const decompressed = pako.ungzip(compressed);

Other packages similar to pako

zlib

The zlib package is a core module in Node.js for compression/decompression. It is similar to pako but is built into Node.js and does not work in the browser without additional bundling or shimming.

jszip

JSZip is a library for creating, reading, and editing .zip files with JavaScript, with a lovely and simple API. While pako focuses on zlib compression, JSZip provides additional functionalities to handle zip files.

compressjs

Compressjs is a pure JavaScript implementation of various data compression algorithms, such as Huffman coding and Burrows-Wheeler transform. It offers a wider range of algorithms than pako, but it might not be as optimized for speed.

fflate

fflate is a high-performance, low-level deflate/inflate compression library that is faster than pako on most benchmarks. It is a newer library that focuses on performance and efficiency.

README

pako

zlib port to javascript, very fast!

Why pako is cool:

• Results are binary equal to well known zlib (now contains ported zlib v1.2.8).
• Almost as fast in modern JS engines as C implementation (see benchmarks).
• Works in browsers, you can browserify any separate component.

This project was done to understand how fast JS can be and is it necessary to develop native C modules for CPU-intensive tasks. Enjoy the result!

Benchmarks:

node v12.16.3 (zlib 1.2.9), 1mb input sample:

deflate-imaya x 4.75 ops/sec ±4.93% (15 runs sampled)
deflate-pako x 10.38 ops/sec ±0.37% (29 runs sampled)
deflate-zlib x 17.74 ops/sec ±0.77% (46 runs sampled)
gzip-pako x 8.86 ops/sec ±1.41% (29 runs sampled)
inflate-imaya x 107 ops/sec ±0.69% (77 runs sampled)
inflate-pako x 131 ops/sec ±1.74% (82 runs sampled)
inflate-zlib x 258 ops/sec ±0.66% (88 runs sampled)
ungzip-pako x 115 ops/sec ±1.92% (80 runs sampled)

node v14.15.0 (google's zlib), 1mb output sample:

deflate-imaya x 4.93 ops/sec ±3.09% (16 runs sampled)
deflate-pako x 10.22 ops/sec ±0.33% (29 runs sampled)
deflate-zlib x 18.48 ops/sec ±0.24% (48 runs sampled)
gzip-pako x 10.16 ops/sec ±0.25% (28 runs sampled)
inflate-imaya x 110 ops/sec ±0.41% (77 runs sampled)
inflate-pako x 134 ops/sec ±0.66% (83 runs sampled)
inflate-zlib x 402 ops/sec ±0.74% (87 runs sampled)
ungzip-pako x 113 ops/sec ±0.62% (80 runs sampled)

zlib's test is partially affected by marshalling (that make sense for inflate only). You can change deflate level to 0 in benchmark source, to investigate details. For deflate level 6 results can be considered as correct.

Install:

npm install pako

Examples / API

Full docs - http://nodeca.github.io/pako/

const pako = require('pako');

// Deflate
//
const input = new Uint8Array();
//... fill input data here
const output = pako.deflate(input);

// Inflate (simple wrapper can throw exception on broken stream)
//
const compressed = new Uint8Array();
//... fill data to uncompress here
try {
  const result = pako.inflate(compressed);
  // ... continue processing
} catch (err) {
  console.log(err);
}

//
// Alternate interface for chunking & without exceptions
//

const deflator = new pako.Deflate();

deflator.push(chunk1, false);
deflator.push(chunk2); // second param is false by default.
...
deflator.push(chunk_last, true); // `true` says this chunk is last

if (deflator.err) {
  console.log(deflator.msg);
}

const output = deflator.result;


const inflator = new pako.Inflate();

inflator.push(chunk1);
inflator.push(chunk2);
...
inflator.push(chunk_last); // no second param because end is auto-detected

if (inflator.err) {
  console.log(inflator.msg);
}

const output = inflator.result;

Sometime you can wish to work with strings. For example, to send stringified objects to server. Pako's deflate detects input data type, and automatically recode strings to utf-8 prior to compress. Inflate has special option, to say compressed data has utf-8 encoding and should be recoded to javascript's utf-16.

const pako = require('pako');

const test = { my: 'super', puper: [456, 567], awesome: 'pako' };

const compressed = pako.deflate(JSON.stringify(test));

const restored = JSON.parse(pako.inflate(compressed, { to: 'string' }));

Notes

Pako does not contain some specific zlib functions:

• deflate - methods deflateCopy, deflateBound, deflateParams, deflatePending, deflatePrime, deflateTune.
• inflate - methods inflateCopy, inflateMark, inflatePrime, inflateGetDictionary, inflateSync, inflateSyncPoint, inflateUndermine.
• High level inflate/deflate wrappers (classes) may not support some flush modes.

pako for enterprise

Available as part of the Tidelift Subscription

The maintainers of pako and thousands of other packages are working with Tidelift to deliver commercial support and maintenance for the open source dependencies you use to build your applications. Save time, reduce risk, and improve code health, while paying the maintainers of the exact dependencies you use. Learn more.

Authors

• Andrey Tupitsin @anrd83
• Vitaly Puzrin @puzrin

Personal thanks to:

• Vyacheslav Egorov (@mraleph) for his awesome tutorials about optimising JS code for v8, IRHydra tool and his advices.
• David Duponchel (@dduponchel) for help with testing.

Original implementation (in C):

• zlib by Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler.

License

• MIT - all files, except /lib/zlib folder
• ZLIB - /lib/zlib content

Changelog

[2.1.0] - 2022-11-07

Changed

• Sync with zlib 1.2.12.

Fixed

• Updated comments in tree.js for Babel compatibility, #262.