What is pnpm?
pnpm is a fast, disk space efficient package manager for JavaScript that works with the npm and Yarn registries. It uses hard links and symlinks to save disk space and improve installation speed. It also has a strict node_modules structure that helps to avoid issues with phantom dependencies.
What are pnpm's main functionalities?
Installing packages
Installs the lodash package into your project. This is similar to npm install or yarn add.
pnpm install lodash
Creating a new project
Initializes a new package.json file for your project, similar to npm init or yarn init.
pnpm init
Adding a package to dependencies
Adds the react package to your project's dependencies, similar to npm install react --save or yarn add react.
pnpm add react
Adding a package to devDependencies
Adds the typescript package to your project's devDependencies, similar to npm install typescript --save-dev or yarn add typescript --dev.
pnpm add --save-dev typescript
Updating packages
Updates all the packages in your project to their latest versions based on the specified ranges in package.json, similar to npm update or yarn upgrade.
pnpm update
Running scripts
Runs the script named 'build' specified in your package.json, similar to npm run build or yarn run build.
pnpm run build
Other packages similar to pnpm
npm
npm is the default package manager for Node.js and is the most widely used. It has a large ecosystem and is well-supported, but it can be slower and use more disk space compared to pnpm.
yarn
Yarn is a package manager that was created by Facebook to address some of npm's shortcomings. It introduced lockfiles and deterministic installations. Yarn is faster than npm but can still use more disk space compared to pnpm.
pnpm
Performant npm installations
pnpm is a fast implementation of npm install
. It is loosely based off ied.
Read our contributing guide if you're looking to contribute.
Follow the pnpm Twitter account for updates.
Table of Contents
Background
pnpm
maintains a flat storage of all your dependencies in ~/.pnpm-store
. They are then linked wherever they're needed.
This nets you the benefits of less disk space usage, while keeping your node_modules
clean.
See store layout for an explanation.
=> - a link (also known as a hard link)
-> - a symlink (or junction on Windows)
~/.store
├─ chalk/1.1.1/
| ├─ index.js
| └─ package.json
├─ ansi-styles/2.1.0/
| ├─ index.js
| └─ package.json
└─ has-ansi/2.0.0/
├─ index.js
└─ package.json
.
└─ node_modules/
├─ .resolutions/
| ├─ chalk/1.1.1/
| | ├─ node_modules/
| | | ├─ ansi-styles/ -> ../../ansi-styles/2.1.0/
| | | └─ has-ansi/ -> ../../has-ansi/2.0.0/
| | ├─ index.js => ~/.store/chalk/1.1.1/index.js
| | └─ package.json => ~/.store/chalk/1.1.1/package.json
| ├─ has-ansi/2.0.0/
| | ├─ index.js => ~/.store/has-ansi/2.0.0/index.js
| | └─ package.js => ~/.store/has-ansi/2.0.0/package.json
| └─ ansi-styles/2.1.0/
| ├─ index.js => ~/.store/ansi-styles/2.1.0/index.js
| └─ package.js => ~/.store/ansi-styles/2.1.0/package.json
└─ chalk/ -> ./.resolutions/chalk/1.1.1/
Install
Install it via npm.
npm install -g pnpm
Do you wanna use pnpm on CI servers? See: Continuous Integration.
Usage
Use pnpm
in place of npm
. It overrides pnpm i
, pnpm install
and some other command, the rest will passthru to npm
.
pnpm install lodash
For using globally installed packages, see: global install.
For using the programmatic API, see: API.
Known issues
Some packages are trying to find and use other packages in node_modules
.
However, when installed via pnpm, all the dependencies in node_modules
are
just symlinks. Node's require ignores symlinks when resolving modules and this
causes a lot of issues. Luckily, starting from v6.3.0, Node.js has a CLI option to
preserve symlinks when resolving modules (--preserve-symlinks).
Things to remember:
- pnpm is best used on Node.js >= 6.3.0
- it is recommended to run Node with the
--preserve-symlinks
option. E.g. node --preserve-symlinks index
. Note: it is important that --preserve-symlinks
is at the beginning of the command, otherwise it is ignored. - CLI apps installed with pnpm are configured to correctly work with symlinked dependency trees. If a global package is used to work with a pnpm package, the global package
should be installed via pnpm.
Benchmark
pnpm is usually 10 times faster than npm and 30% faster than yarn. See this
benchmark which compares the three package managers on different types of applications.
time npm i babel-preset-es2015 browserify chalk debug minimist mkdirp
66.15 real 15.60 user 3.54 sys
time pnpm i babel-preset-es2015 browserify chalk debug minimist mkdirp
11.04 real 6.85 user 2.85 sys
Prior art
Preview release
pnpm
will stay in <1.0.0
until it's achieved feature parity with npm install
. See roadmap for details.
License
MIT © Rico Sta. Cruz and contributors