react-bsonschema-form
Advanced tools
A simple React component capable of building HTML forms out of a JSON schema.
A simple React component capable of building HTML forms out of a JSON schema and using Bootstrap semantics by default.
A live playground is hosted on gh-pages.
Requires React 15.0.0+.
$ npm install react-jsonschema-form --save
Note: While the library renders Bootstrap HTML semantics, you have to build/load the Bootstrap styles on your own.
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-jsonschema-form/dist/react-jsonschema-form.js"></script>
Source maps are available at this url.
Note: The CDN version does not embed react nor react-dom.
You'll also need to alias the default export property to use the Form component:
const Form = JSONSchemaForm.default;
// or
const {default: Form} = JSONSchemaForm;
import React, { Component } from "react";
import { render } from "react-dom";
import Form from "react-jsonschema-form";
const schema = {
title: "Todo",
type: "object",
required: ["title"],
properties: {
title: {type: "string", title: "Title", default: "A new task"},
done: {type: "boolean", title: "Done?", default: false}
}
};
const log = (type) => console.log.bind(console, type);
render((
<Form schema={schema}
onChange={log("changed")}
onSubmit={log("submitted")}
onError={log("errors")} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
That should give something like this (if you took care of loading the standard Bootstrap stylesheet):
Often you'll want to prefill a form with existing data; this is done by passing a formData prop object matching the schema:
const formData = {
title: "First task",
done: true
};
render((
<Form schema={schema}
formData={formData}
), document.getElementById("app"));
NOTE: If your form have a single field, pass a single value to formData. ex: formData='Charlie'
WARNING: If you have situations where your parent component can re-render, make sure you listen to the onChange event and update the data you pass to the formData attribute.
You can pass a function as the onSubmit prop of your Form component to listen to when the form is submitted and its data are valid. It will be passed a result object having a formData attribute, which is the valid form data you're usually after:
const onSubmit = ({formData}) => console.log("yay I'm valid!");
render((
<Form schema={schema}
onSubmit={onSubmit} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
To react to when submitted form data are invalid, pass an onError handler, which is passed the list of encoutered errors:
const onError = (errors) => console.log("I have", errors.length, "errors to fix");
render((
<Form schema={schema}
onError={onError} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
If you plan on being notified everytime the form data are updated, you can pass an onChange handler, which will receive the same args as onSubmit any time a value is updated in the form.
uiSchema objectJSONSchema is limited for describing how a given data type should be rendered as a form input component, that's why this lib introduces the concept of UI schema.
A UI schema is basically an object literal providing information on how the form should be rendered, while the JSON schema tells what.
The uiSchema object follows the tree structure of the form field hierarchy, and for each allows to define how it should be rendered:
const schema = {
type: "object",
properties: {
foo: {
type: "object",
properties: {
bar: {type: "string"}
}
},
baz: {
type: "array",
items: {
type: "object",
properties: {
description: {
"type": "string"
}
}
}
}
}
}
const uiSchema = {
foo: {
bar: {
"ui:widget": "textarea"
},
baz: {
// note the "items" for an array
items: {
description: {
"ui:widget": "textarea"
}
}
}
}
}
render((
<Form schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
The uiSchema ui:widget property tells the form which UI widget should be used to render a certain field:
Example:
const uiSchema = {
done: {
"ui:widget": "radio" // could also be "select"
}
};
render((
<Form schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema}
formData={formData} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
Here's a list of supported alternative widgets for different JSONSchema data types:
boolean fieldsradio: a radio button group with true and false as selectable values;select: a select box with true and false as options;Note: To set the labels for a boolean field, instead of using
trueandfalseyou can setenumNamesin your schema. Note thatenumNamesbelongs in yourschema, not theuiSchema, and the order is always[true, false].
string fieldstextarea: a textarea element is used;password: an input[type=password] element is used;color: an input[type=color] element is used;input[type=text] element is used.The built-in string field also supports the JSONSchema format property, and will render an appropriate widget by default for the following string formats:
email: An input[type=email] element is used;uri: An input[type=url] element is used;data-url: By default, an input[type=file] element is used; in case the string is part of an array, multiple files will be handled automatically (see File widgets).date: By default, an input[type=date] element is used;date-time: By default, an input[type=datetime-local] element is used.
Please note that while standardized, datetime-local and date input elements are not yet supported by Firefox and IE. If you plan on targetting these platforms, two alternative widgets are available:
alt-datetime: Six select elements are used to select the year, the month, the day, the hour, the minute and the second;alt-date: Three select elements are used to select the year, month and the day.
number and integer fieldsupdown: an input[type=number] updown selector;range: an input[type=range] slider;radio: a radio button group with enum values. can only be used when enum values are specified for this inputinput[type=text] element is used.Note: for numbers,
min,maxandstepinput attributes values will be handled according to JSONSchema'sminimum,maximiumandmultipleOfvalues when they're defined.
The ui:disabled uiSchema directive will disable all child widgets from a given field.
The ui:readonly uiSchema directive will mark all child widgets from a given field as read-only.
Note: if you're about the difference between a disabled field and a readonly one: marking a field as read-only will render it greyed but its text value will be selectable; disabling it will prevent its value to be selected at all.
It's possible to use an hidden widget for a given field by setting the ui:widget uiSchema directive to hidden for this field:
const schema = {
type: "object",
properties: {
foo: {type: "boolean"}
}
};
const uiSchema = {
foo: {"ui:widget": "hidden"}
};
Notes
- Hiding widgets is only supported for
boolean,string,numberandintegerschema types;- An hidden widget takes its value from the
formDataprop.
This library supports a limited form of input[type=file] widgets, in the sense that it will propagate file contents to form data state as data-urls.
There are two ways to use file widgets:
By declaring a string json schema type along a data-url format:
const schema = {
type: "string",
format: "data-url",
};
By specifying a ui:widget field uiSchema directive as file:
const schema = {
type: "string",
};
const uiSchema = {
"ui:widget": "file",
};
Multiple files selectors are supported by defining an array of strings having data-url as a format:
const schema = {
type: "array",
items: {
type: "string",
format: "data-url",
}
};
Note that storing large dataURIs into form state might slow rendering.
The included FileWidget exposes a reference to the <input type="file" /> element node as an inputRef component property.
This allows you to programmatically trigger the browser's file selector which can be used in a custom file widget.
Since the order of object properties in Javascript and JSON is not guaranteed, the uiSchema object spec allows you to define the order in which properties are rendered using the ui:order property:
const schema = {
type: "object",
properties: {
foo: {type: "string"},
bar: {type: "string"}
}
};
const uiSchema = {
"ui:order": ["bar", "foo"]
};
render((
<Form schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
If a guarenteed fixed order is only important for some fields, you can insert a wildcard "*" item in your ui:order definition. All fields that are not referenced explicitly anywhere in the list will be rendered at that point:
const uiSchema = {
"ui:order": ["bar", "*"]
};
orderable optionArray items are orderable by default, and react-jsonschema-form renders move up/down buttons alongside them. The uiSchema object spec allows you to disable ordering:
const schema = {
type: "array",
items: {
type: "string"
}
};
const uiSchema = {
"ui:options": {
orderable: false
}
};
addable optionIf either items or additionalItems contains a schema object, an add button for new items is shown by default. You can turn this off with the addable option in uiSchema:
const uiSchema = {
"ui:options": {
addable: false
}
};
removable optionA remove button is shown by default for an item if items contains a schema object, or the item is an additionalItems instance. You can turn this off with the removable option in uiSchema:
const uiSchema = {
"ui:options": {
removable: false
}
};
The uiSchema object accepts a classNames property for each field of the schema:
const uiSchema = {
title: {
classNames: "task-title foo-bar"
}
};
Will result in:
<div class="field field-string task-title foo-bar" >
<label>
<span>Title*</span>
<input value="My task" required="" type="text">
</label>
</div>
enum fieldsThis library supports the enumNames property for enum fields, which allows defining custom labels for each option of an enum:
const schema = {
type: "number",
enum: [1, 2, 3],
enumNames: ["one", "two", "three"]
};
This will be rendered using a select box that way:
<select>
<option value="1">one</option>
<option value="2">two</option>
<option value="3">three</option>
</select>
Note that string representations of numbers will be cast back and reflected as actual numbers into form state.
The default behavior for array fields is a list of text inputs with add/remove buttons. Though there are two alternative simpler widgets for common situations like picking elements against a list of choices; typically this maps to a schema having:
enum list for the items property of an array fielduniqueItems property set to trueExample:
const schema = {
type: "array",
title: "A multiple choices list",
items: {
type: "string",
enum: ["foo", "bar", "fuzz", "qux"],
},
uniqueItems: true
};
By default, this will automatically render a multiple select box. If you prefer a list of checkboxes, just set the uiSchema ui:widget directive to "checkboxes" for that field:
const uiSchema = {
"ui:widget": "checkboxes"
};
By default, checkboxes are stacked but if you prefer them inline:
const uiSchema = {
"ui:widget": "checkboxes",
"ui:options": {
inline: true
}
};
See the "Arrays" section of the playground for cool demos.
By default, the lib will generate ids unique to the form for all rendered widgets. But if you plan on using multiple instances of the Form component in a same page, it's wise to declare a root prefix for these, using the ui:rootFieldId uiSchema directive:
const uiSchema = {
"ui:rootFieldId": "myform"
};
So all widgets will have an id prefixed with myform.
You can provide custom buttons to your form via the Form component's children. A default submit button will be rendered if you don't provide children to the Form component.
render((
<Form schema={schema}>
<div>
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
<button type="button">Cancel</button>
</div>
</Form>
), document.getElementById("app"));
Warning: there should be a button or an input with type="submit" to trigger the form submission (and then the form validation).
Sometimes it's convenient to add some text next to a field to guide the end user filling it; this is the purpose of the ui:help uiSchema directive:
const schema = {type: "string"};
const uiSchema = {
"ui:widget": "password",
"ui:help": "Hint: Make it strong!"
};
Help texts work for any kind of field at any level, and will always be rendered immediately below the field component widget(s), but after contextualized errors, if any.
If you want to focus on a text input or textarea input/on a widget automatically, just set ui:autofocus uiSchema directive to true.
const schema = {type: "string"};
const uiSchema = {
"ui:widget": "textarea",
"ui:autofocus": true
}
Text fields can benefit from placeholders by using the ui:placeholder uiSchema directive:
const schema = {type: "string", format: "uri"};
const uiSchema = {
"ui:placeholder": "http://"
};
Form component supports the following html attributes:
<Form
id="edit-form"
className="form form-wide"
name="awesomeForm"
method="post"
target="_blank"
action="/users/list"
autocomplete="off"
enctype="multipart/form-data"
acceptcharset="ISO-8859-1"
schema={} />
To take control over the inner organization of each field (each form row), you can define a field template for your form.
A field template is basically a React stateless component being passed field-related props so you can structure your form row as you like:
function CustomFieldTemplate(props) {
const {id, classNames, label, help, required, description, errors, children} = props;
return (
<div className={classNames}>
<label htmlFor={id}>{label}{required ? "*" : null}</label>
{description}
{children}
{errors}
{help}
</div>
);
}
render((
<Form schema={schema}
FieldTemplate={CustomFieldTemplate} />,
), document.getElementById("app"));
If you want to handle the rendering of each element yourself, you can use the props rawHelp, rawDescription and rawErrors.
The following props are passed to a custom field template component:
id: The id of the field in the hierarchy. You can use it to render a label targetting the wrapped widget.classNames: A string containing the base bootstrap CSS classes merged with any custom ones defined in your uiSchema.label: The computed label for this field, as a string.description: A component instance rendering the field description, if any defined (this will use any custom DescriptionField defined).rawDescription: A string containing any ui:description uiSchema directive defined.children: The field or widget component instance for this field row.errors: A component instance listing any encountered errors for this field.rawErrors: An array of strings listing all generated error messages from encountered errors for this field.help: A component instance rendering any ui:help uiSchema directive defined.rawHelp: A string containing any ui:help uiSchema directive defined. NOTE: rawHelp will be undefined if passed ui:help is a React component instead of a string.hidden: A boolean value stating if the field should be hidden.required: A boolean value stating if the field is required.readonly: A boolean value stating if the field is read-only.displayLabel: A boolean value stating if the label should be rendered or not. This is useful for nested fields in arrays where you don't want to clutter the UI.fields: An array containing all Form's fields including your custom fields and the built-in fields.schema: The schema object for this field.uiSchema: The uiSchema object for this field.formContext: The formContext object that you passed to Form.Note: you can only define a single field template for a form. If you need many, it's probably time to look at custom fields instead.
The API allows to specify your own custom widget and field components:
input, select, etc.You can provide your own custom widgets to a uiSchema for the following json data types:
stringnumberintegerbooleanconst schema = {
type: "string"
};
const uiSchema = {
"ui:widget": (props) => {
return (
<input type="text"
className="custom"
value={props.value}
required={props.required}
onChange={(event) => props.onChange(event.target.value)} />
);
}
};
render((
<Form schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema} />,
), document.getElementById("app"));
The following props are passed to custom widget components:
schema: The JSONSchema subschema object for this field;value: The current value for this field;required: The required status of this field;disabled: true if the widget is disabled;readonly: true if the widget is read-only;onChange: The value change event handler; call it with the new value everytime it changes;options: A map of options passed as a prop to the component (see Custom widget options).formContext: The formContext object that you passed to Form.Note: Prior to v0.35.0, the
optionsprop contained the list of options (labelandvalue) forenumfields. Since v0.35.0, it now exposes this list as theenumOptionsproperty within theoptionsobject.
Alternatively, you can register them all at once by passing the widgets prop to the Form component, and reference their identifier from the uiSchema:
const MyCustomWidget = (props) => {
return (
<input type="text"
className="custom"
value={props.value}
required={props.required}
onChange={(event) => props.onChange(event.target.value)} />
);
};
const widgets = {
myCustomWidget: MyCustomWidget
};
const uiSchema = {
"ui:widget": "myCustomWidget"
}
render((
<Form
schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema}
widgets={widgets} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
This is useful if you expose the uiSchema as pure JSON, which can't carry functions.
Note: Until 0.40.0 it was possible to register a widget as object with shape
{ component: MyCustomWidget, options: {...} }. This undocumented API has been removed. Instead, you can register a custom widget with a ReactdefaultPropsproperty.defaultProps.optionscan be an object containing your custom options.
If you need to pass options to your custom widget, you can add a ui:options object containing those properties. If the widget has defaultProps, the options will be merged with the (optional) options object from defaultProps:
const schema = {
type: "string"
};
function MyCustomWidget(props) {
const {options} = props;
const {color, backgroundColor} = options;
return <input style={{color, backgroundColor}} />;
}
MyCustomWidget.defaultProps = {
options: {
color: "red"
}
};
const uiSchema = {
"ui:widget": MyCustomWidget,
"ui:options": {
backgroundColor: "yellow"
}
};
// renders red on yellow input
render((
<Form schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
Note: This also applies to registered custom components.
Note: Since v0.41.0, the
ui:widgetobject API, where a widget and options were specified with"ui:widget": {component, options}shape, is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
You can provide your own field components to a uiSchema for basically any json schema data type, by specifying a ui:field property.
For example, let's create and register a dumb geo component handling a latitude and a longitude:
const schema = {
type: "object",
required: ["lat", "lon"],
properties: {
lat: {type: "number"},
lon: {type: "number"}
}
};
// Define a custom component for handling the root position object
class GeoPosition extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {...props.formData};
}
onChange(name) {
return (event) => {
this.setState({
[name]: parseFloat(event.target.value)
}, () => this.props.onChange(this.state));
};
}
render() {
const {lat, lon} = this.state;
return (
<div>
<input type="number" value={lat} onChange={this.onChange("lat")} />
<input type="number" value={lon} onChange={this.onChange("lon")} />
</div>
);
}
}
// Define the custom field component to use for the root object
const uiSchema = {"ui:field": "geo"};
// Define the custom field components to register; here our "geo"
// custom field component
const fields = {geo: GeoPosition};
// Render the form with all the properties we just defined passed
// as props
render((
<Form
schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema}
fields={fields} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
Note: Registered fields can be reused across the entire schema.
A field component will always be passed the following props:
schema: The JSON schema for this field;uiSchema: The uiSchema for this field;idSchema: The tree of unique ids for every child field;formData: The data for this field;errorSchema: The tree of errors for this field and its children;registry: A registry object (read next).formContext: A formContext object (read next next).registry objectThe registry is an object containing the registered custom fields and widgets as well as root schema definitions.
fields: The custom registered fields. By default this object contains the standard SchemaField, TitleField and DescriptionField components;widgets: The custom registered widgets, if any;definitions: The root schema definitions, if any.formContext: The formContext object.The registry is passed down the component tree, so you can access it from your custom field and SchemaField components.
formContext objectYou can provide a formContext object to the Form, which is passed down to all fields and widgets (including TitleField and DescriptionField). Useful for implementing context aware fields and widgets.
The ArrayField component provides a UI to add, remove and reorder array items, and these buttons use Bootstrap glyphicons. If you don't use Bootstrap yet still want to provide your own icons or texts for these buttons, you can easily do so using CSS:
.btn-plus > i {
display: none;
}
.btn-plus::after {
content: "Add";
}
Warning: This is a powerful feature as you can override the whole form behavior and easily mess it up. Handle with care.
You can provide your own implementation of the SchemaField base React component for rendering any JSONSchema field type, including objects and arrays. This is useful when you want to augment a given field type with supplementary powers.
To proceed so, pass a fields object having a SchemaField property to your Form component; here's a rather silly example wrapping the standard SchemaField lib component:
import SchemaField from "react-jsonschema-form/lib/components/fields/SchemaField";
const CustomSchemaField = function(props) {
return (
<div id="custom">
<p>Yeah, I'm pretty dumb.</p>
<SchemaField {...props} />
</div>
);
};
const fields = {
SchemaField: CustomSchemaField
};
render((
<Form schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema}
formData={formData}
fields={fields} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
If you're curious how this could ever be useful, have a look at the Kinto formbuilder repository to see how it's used to provide editing capabilities to any form field.
Props passed to a custom SchemaField are the same as the ones passed to a custom field.
You can override any default field and widget, including the internal widgets like the CheckboxWidget that ObjectField renders for boolean values. You can override any field and widget just by providing the customized fields/widgets in the fields and widgets props:
const CustomCheckbox = function(props) {
return (
<button id="custom" className={props.value ? "checked" : "unchecked"} onClick={props.onChange(!props.value)}>
{props.value}
</button>
);
};
const widgets = {
CheckboxWidget: CustomCheckbox
};
render((
<Form schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema}
formData={formData}
widgets={widgets} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
This allows you to create a reusable customized form class with your custom fields and widgets:
const customFields = {StringField: CustomString};
const customWidgets = {CheckboxWidget: CustomCheckbox};
function MyForm(props) {
return <Form fields={customFields} widgets={customWidgets} {...props} />;
}
render((
<MyForm schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema}
formData={formData} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
You can provide your own implementation of the TitleField base React component for rendering any title. This is useful when you want to augment how titles are handled.
Simply pass a fields object having a TitleField property to your Form component:
const CustomTitleField = ({title, required}) => {
const legend = required ? title + '*' : title;
return <div id="custom">{legend}</div>;
};
const fields = {
TitleField: CustomTitleField
};
render((
<Form schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema}
formData={formData}
fields={fields} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
You can provide your own implementation of the DescriptionField base React component for rendering any description.
Simply pass a fields object having a DescriptionField property to your Form component:
const CustomDescriptionField = ({id, description}) => {
return <div id={id}>{description}</div>;
};
const fields = {
DescriptionField: CustomDescriptionField
};
render((
<Form schema={schema}
uiSchema={uiSchema}
formData={formData}
fields={fields} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
By default, form data are only validated when the form is submitted or when a new formData prop is passed to the Form component.
You can enable live form data validation by passing a liveValidate prop to the Form component, and set it to true. Then, everytime a value changes within the form data tree (eg. the user entering a character in a field), a validation operation is performed, and the validation results are reflected into the form state.
Be warned that this is an expensive strategy, with possibly strong impact on performances.
To disable validation entirely, you can set Form's noValidate prop to true.
Form data is always validated against the JSON schema.
But it is possible to define your own custom validation rules. This is especially useful when the validation depends on several interdependent fields.
function validate(formData, errors) {
if (formData.pass1 !== formData.pass2) {
errors.pass2.addError("Passwords don't match");
}
return errors;
}
const schema = {
type: "object",
properties: {
pass1: {type: "string", minLength: 3},
pass2: {type: "string", minLength: 3},
}
};
render((
<Form schema={schema}
validate={validate} />
), document.getElementById("app"));
Notes:
- The
validate()function must always return theerrorsobject received as second argument.- The
validate()function is called after the JSON schema validation.
To disable rendering of the error list at the top of the form, you can set the showErrorList prop to false. Doing so will still validate the form, but only the inline display will show.
render((
<Form schema={schema}
showErrorList={false}/>
), document.getElementById("app"));
This library renders form fields and widgets leveraging the Bootstrap semantics. That means your forms will be beautiful by default if you're loading its stylesheet in your page.
You're not necessarily forced to use Bootstrap; while it uses its semantics, it also provides a bunch of other class names so you can bring new styles or override default ones quite easily in your own personalized stylesheet. That's just HTML after all :)
If you're okay with using styles from the Bootstrap ecosystem though, then the good news is that you have access to many themes for it, which are compatible with our generated forms!
Here are some examples from the playground, using some of the Bootswatch free themes:
Last, if you really really want to override the semantics generated by the lib, you can always create and use your own custom widget, field and/or schema field components.
This library partially supports inline schema definition dereferencing, which is Barbarian for avoiding to copy and paste commonly used field schemas:
{
"definitions": {
"address": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"street_address": { "type": "string" },
"city": { "type": "string" },
"state": { "type": "string" }
},
"required": ["street_address", "city", "state"]
}
},
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"billing_address": { "$ref": "#/definitions/address" },
"shipping_address": { "$ref": "#/definitions/address" }
}
}
(Sample schema courtesy of the Space Telescope Science Institute)
Note that it only supports local definition referencing, we do not plan on fetching foreign schemas over HTTP anytime soon. Basically, you can only reference a definition from the very schema object defining it.
This component follows JSON Schema specs. Due to the limitation of form widgets, there are some exceptions as follows:
additionalItems keyword for arrays
This keyword works when items is an array. additionalItems: true is not supported because there's no widget to represent an item of any type. In this case it will be treated as no additional items allowed. additionalItems being a valid schema is supported.$ npm start
A live development server showcasing components with hot reload enabled is available at localhost:8080.
If you want the development server to listen on another host or port, you can use the RJSF_DEV_SERVER env variable:
$ RJSF_DEV_SERVER=0.0.0.0:8000 npm start
$ npm test
$ npm run tdd
Apache 2
FAQs
A simple React component capable of building HTML forms out of a JSON schema.
The npm package react-bsonschema-form receives a total of 9 weekly downloads. As such, react-bsonschema-form popularity was classified as not popular.
We found that react-bsonschema-form demonstrated a not healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released a year ago. It has 3 open source maintainers collaborating on the project.
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